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Near-term quantum com.uting techniques: Variational quantum algorithms, error mitigation, circuit com.ilation, benchmarking and classical simulation

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第5期66卷 23-72页

作者： He-Liang Huang Xiao-Yue Xu Chu Guo Guojing Tian Shi-Jie Wei Xiaoming Sun Wan-Su Bao Gui-Lu Long Henan Key lab.ratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography Zhengzhou 450000China State Key lab.of Processors Institute of Computing TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China school of com.uter Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information sciences Beijing 100193China Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Quantum com.uting is a game-changing technology for global academia,research centers and industries including com.utational science,math.matics,finance,pharmaceutical,materials science,chemistry and *** it has seen a major boost in the last decade,we are still a long way from reaching the maturity of a full-fledged quantum *** said,we will be in the noisy-intermediate scale quantum(NISQ)era for a long time,working on dozens or even thousands of qubits quantum com.uting *** outstanding challenge,then,is to com. up with an application that can reliably carry out a nontrivial task of interest on the near-term quantum devices with non-negligible quantum *** address this challenge,several near-term quantum com.uting techniques,including variational quantum algorithms,error mitigation,quantum circuit com.ilation and benchmarking protocols,have been proposed to characterize and mitigate errors,and to implement algorithms with a certain resistance to noise,so as to enhance the capabilities of near-term quantum devices and explore the boundaries of their ability to realize useful ***,the development of near-term quantum devices is inseparable from the efficient classical sim-ulation,which plays a vital role in quantum algorithm design and verification,error-tolerant verification and other *** review will provide a thorough introduction of these near-term quantum com.uting techniques,report on their progress,and finally discuss the future prospect of these techniques,which we hope will motivate researchers to undertake additional studies in this field.

关键词： quantum com.uting noisy-intermediate scale quantum variational quantum algorithms error mitigation circuit com.pilation benchmarking protocols classical simulation

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Valorization of the Caragana waste via two-stage bioaugmentation: Optimizing nutrition com.osition, palatability, and microbial contaminant control

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第4期9卷 518-533页

作者： Guilin Du Marina Tišma Beiru He Xinghui Zhai Chenyang Yuan Zhengding Su Jiping Shi Baoguo Zhang lab.ratory of Biorefinery Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China school of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Faculty of Food Technology OsijekFranje Kuhača 18Osijek HR-31000Croatia school of Pharmaceutical sciences and Institute of Materia Medica Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830017China

Caragana korshinskii kom. (CKK) waste, a com.on forestry byproduct in northwest of China, presents challenges in its transformation into alternative ruminant feed due to its initial nutritional limitations and unappealing palatability. Conventional strategies, such as ensiling and fungal- based solid-state fermentation (SSF) cannot effectively address this issue in practice. Herein, a two-stage bioaugmentation (TBA) process was devised, leveraging the benefits of ensiling and SSF. During the anaerobic ensiling phase, CKK waste was inoculated with Lactiplantibacillus plan- tarum LP1, effectively suppressing potential animal pathogens such as Aspergillus and Nocardiop- sis while enriching the material with potential probiotics like Pediococcus and Lactiplantibacillus , reaching an abundance of 95.7%. In the subsequent aerobic SSF stage, the ensiled CKK under- went inoculation with the white-rot fungus Irpex lacteus F17, which became enriched to 87.9%. com.rehensive multi-omics analysis identified Irpex as the key taxon, possessing an extensive redox enzyme sys.em that led to the improvement in nutrient com.osition, reduction of astrin- gent phenolic substances, and mitigation of mycotoxins. As a result, the crude protein content of the CKK increased by 39.2%, while lignin, total phenolic substances, and tannic acid content de- creased by 24.4%, 52.2%, and 51.4%, respectively. The mycotoxin levels, including aflatoxin B1 , zearalenone, and vomitoxin, were rendered negligible, confirming the safety. Overall, this study demonstrates the TBA strategy can successfully transform challenging and unpalatable CKK waste into a nutrient-enriched and safe mycelium-based bioproduct, thereby enabling the valorization of a previously underutilized forestry resource as a promising alternative feed.

关键词： Caragana waste Two-stage bioaugmentation Alternative feed Anti-nutritional factor Mycotoxin

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Generalized and species-specific prediction models for aboveground biomass in semi-steppe rangelands

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第3期12卷 428-437页

作者： Anvar Sanaei Arshad Ali Khaled Ahmadaali Esfandiar Jahantab Department of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Regions Natural Resources FacultyUniversity of TehranKarajPO Box 31585-4314Iran Spatial Ecology lab School of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510631China Department of Range and Watershed Management Faculty of Agricultural SciencesFasa UniversityFasaIran

Aims The accurate estimation of aboveground biomass in vegetation is critical for global carbon *** models provide an easy estimation of aboveground biomass at large spatial and temporal ***,only few prediction models are availab.e for aboveground biomass in rangelands,as com.ared with *** addition to the development of prediction models,we tested whether such prediction models vary with plant growth forms and life spans,and with the inclusion of site and/or quadrat-specific *** We collected dataset of aboveground biomass from destructive harvesting of 8088 individual plants belonging to 79 species in 735 quadrats across 35 sites in semi-steppe rangelands in Iran.A logarithmic transformation of the power-law model was used to develop simple prediction models for the easy estimation of above-ground biomass using plant coverage and vegetation density as predictors for the species-specific model,multispecies and plants of different growth forms and life *** addition,additive and multiplicative linear regression models were developed by using plant coverage and one categorical variable from the site and/or quadrat-specific *** Findings The log-transformed power-law model based on plant coverage pre-cisely predicted aboveground biomass across the whole dataset for ei-ther most of the species-specific model,multispecies or plants of the same growth forms(shrubs,forbs or graminoids)and life spans(annuals,biennials or perennials).The addition of vegetation density as a single or in a com.ound predictor variable had relatively poor performance com.pared with the model having plant coverage *** generalizing at the levels of plant group forms and/or life spans did not substantially enhance the model-fit and validation of the plant coverage-based mul-tispecies model,the inclusion of plant growth forms or life spans as a categorical predictor variable had performed *** models in this study will

关键词： ecosys.em functioning aboveground biomass plant coverage plant life spans prediction models vegetation density

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In Situ Electrochemical Mn(Ⅲ)/Mn(Ⅳ) Generation of Mn(Ⅱ)O Electrocatalysts for High-Performance Oxygen Reduction

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第11期12卷 255-268页

作者： Han Tian Liming Zeng Yifan Huang Zhonghua Ma Ge Meng Lingxin Peng Chang Chen Xiangzhi Cui Jianlin Shi State Key lab.of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China school of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310021People’s Republic of China College of Chemistry and Molecular sciences Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power SourcesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072People’s Republic of China Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081People’s Republic of China College of Material Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China

Among various earth-abundant and noble metal-free catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),manganese-based oxides are promising candidates owing to the rich variety of manganese ***,an extremely facile method for the synthesis of cubic and orthorhombic phase coexisting Mn(Ⅱ)O electrocatalyst as an efficient ORR catalyst was *** obtained MnO electrocatalyst with oxygen vacancies shows a significantly elevated ORR catalytic activity with a half-wave potential(E1/2) of as high as 0.895 V,in com.arison with that of com.ercial Pt/C(E1/2=0.877 V).More impressively,the MnO electrocatalyst exhibits a marked activity enhancement after test under a constant applied potential for 1000 s thanks to the in situ generation and stable presence of high-valence manganese species(Mn^3+ and Mn^4+) during the electrochemical process,initiating a synergetic catalytic effect with oxygen vacancies,which is proved to largely accelerate the adsorption and reduction of O_2 molecules favoring the ORR activity *** an excellent ORR catalytic performance of this MnO electrocatalyst is applied in Zn-air battery,which shows an extra-high peak power density of 63.2 mW cm^-2 in com.arison with that(47.4 m W cm^-2) of com.ercial Pt/C under identical test conditions.

关键词： Zinc-air battery In situ generation High-valence manganese species Synergetic catalytic effect

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QTL molecular marker location of powdery mildew resistance in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

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Science China(Life sciences) 2008年第11期51卷 1003-1008页

作者： LIU LongZhou1,2, CAI Run1, YUAN XiaoJun1, HE HuanLe1 & PAN JunSong1 1 school of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China 2 Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural sciences( (SAAS)), Shanghai Key lab.of Protected Horti-cultural Technology, Shanghai, 201106, China 1. school of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China 2. Horticultural Research Institute Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS) Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology Shanghai 201106 China

The cucumber lines, S94 (Northern China open-field type, powdery mildew (PM) susceptible) and S06 (European greenhouse type, PM resistant), and their F6:7 populations were used to investigate PM re-sistance under seedling spray inoculation in 2005/Autumn and 2006/Spring. QTL analysis was under-taken based on a constructed molecular linkage map of the corresponding F6 population using com.posite interval mapping. A total of four QTLs (pm1.1, pm2.1, pm4.1 and pm6.1) for PM resistance were identified and located on LG 1, 2, 4 and 6, respectively, explaining 5.2%-21.0% of the phenotypic variation. Three consistent QTLs (pm1.1, pm2.1 and pm4.1) were detected under the two test conditions. The QTL pm6.1 was only identified in 2005/Autumn. The total phenotypic variation explained by the QTLs was 52.0% and 42.0% in 2005/Autumn and 2006/Spring, respectively. Anchor markers tightly linked to those loci (<5 cM) could lay a basis for both molecular marker-assisted breeding and map-based gene cloning of the PM-resistance gene in cucumber.

关键词： cucumber powdery mildew QTL F6:7families seedling

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Heterogeneous parallel com.uting accelerated iterative subpixel digital image correlation

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Science China(Technological sciences) 2018年第1期61卷 74-85页

作者： HUANG JianWen ZHANG LingQi JIANG ZhenYu DONG ShouBin CHEN Wei LIU YiPing LIU ZeJia ZHOU LiCheng TANG LiQun State Key lab.ratory of Subtropical Building Science School of Civil Engineering and Transportation South China University of Technology school of com.uter Science South China University of Technology The State Key lab.ratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Parallel com.uting techniques have been introduced into digital image correlation(DIC) in recent years and leads to a surge in com.utation speed. The graphics processing unit(GPU)-based parallel com.uting demonstrated a surprising effect on accelerating the iterative subpixel DIC, com.ared with CPU-based parallel com.uting. In this paper, the performances of the two kinds of parallel com.uting techniques are com.ared for the previously proposed path-independent DIC method, in which the initial guess for the inverse com.ositional Gauss-Newton(IC-GN) algorithm at each point of interest(POI) is estimated through the fast Fourier transform-based cross-correlation(FFT-CC) algorithm. Based on the performance evaluation, a heterogeneous parallel com.uting(HPC) model is proposed with hybrid mode of parallelisms in order to com.ine the com.uting power of GPU and multicore CPU. A scheme of trial com.utation test is developed to optimize the configuration of the HPC model on a specific com.uter. The proposed HPC model shows excellent performance on a middle-end desktop com.uter for real-time subpixel DIC with high resolution of more than 10000 POIs per frame.

关键词： digital image correlation(DIC) inverse com.ositional Gauss-Newton(IC-GN) algorithm heterogeneous parallel com.uting graphics processing unit(GPU) multicore CPU real-time DIC

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The deterministic condition for the ground reaction force acting point on the com.ined knee valgus and tibial internal rotation moments in early phase of cutting maneuvers in female athletes

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 376-386页

作者： Issei Ogasawara Ken Ohta Gajanan S.Revankar Shoji Konda Yohei Shimokochi Hideyuki Koga Ken Nakata Department of Health and Sport sciences Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityToyonaka 560-0043Japan Sports Sensing Co. LTD.Fukuoka 815-0035Japan Department of Neurology Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuita 565-0871Japan Department of Health and Sport Management Osaka University of Health and Sport SciencesSennan-gun 590-0496Japan Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo-ku 113-8519Japan

Background:com.ined knee valgus and tibial internal rotation(VL+IR)moments have been shown to stress the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)in several in vitro cadaveric *** utilize this knowledge for non-contact ACL injury prevention in sports,it is necessary to elucidate how the ground reaction force(GRF)acting point(center of pressure(CoP))in the stance foot produces com.ined knee VL+IR moments in risky maneuvers,such as ***,the effects of the GRF acting point on the development of the com.ined knee VL+IR moment in cutting are still ***:We first established the deterministic mechanical condition that the CoP position relative to the tibial rotational axis differentiates the GRF vector’s directional probability for developing the com.ined knee VL+IR moment,and theoretically predicted that when the CoP is posterior to the tibial rotational axis,the GRF vector is more likely to produce the com.ined knee VL+IR moment than when the CoP is anterior to the tibial rotational ***,we tested a stochastic aspect of our theory in a lab.controlled in vivo *** females performed 60˚cutting under forefoot/rearfoot strike conditions(10 trials each).The positions of lower limb markers and GRF data were measured,and the knee moment due to GRF vector was *** trials were divided into anterior-and posterior-CoP groups depending on the CoP position relative to the tibial rotational axis at each 10 ms interval from 0 to 100 ms after foot strike,and the occurrence rate of the com.ined knee VL+IR moment was com.ared between trial ***:The posterior-CoP group showed significantly higher occurrence rates of the com.ined knee VL+IR moment(maximum of 82.8%)at every time point than those of the anterior-CoP trials,as theoretically predicted by the deterministic mechanical ***:The rearfoot strikes inducing the posterior CoP should be avoided to reduce the risk of non-contact ACL injury associated with the com

关键词： Center of pressure Deterministic condition Foot strike pattern Injury mechanism Moment of ground reaction force

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Eigen microstates and their evolutions in com.lex sys.ems

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com.unications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第6期73卷 140-157页

作者： Yu Sun Gaoke Hu Yongwen Zhang Bo Lu Zhenghui Lu Jingfang Fan Xiaoteng Li Qimin Deng Xiaosong Chen Institute of Theoretical Physics Key Laboratory of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesPO Box 2735Beijing 100190China school of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of ScienceNo.19A Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China Beijing com.utational Science Research Center Beijing 100193China Data Science Research Center Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China lab.ratory for Climate Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China CAS Key lab.ratory of Regional Climate Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China school of sys.ems Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Harvest Fund Management Beijing 100021China lab.for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Deptof Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871China

Emergence refers to the existence or formation of collective behaviors in com.lex ***,we develop a theoretical framework based on the eigen microstate theory to analyze the emerging phenomena and dynamic evolution of com.lex *** this framework,the statistical ensemble com.osed of M microstates of a com.lex sys.em with N agents is defined by the normalized N×M matrix A,whose columns represent microstates and order of row is consist with the *** ensemble matrix A can be decom.osed as■,where r=min(N,M),eigenvalueσIbehaves as the probability amplitude of the eigen microstate U_I so that■and U_I evolves following V_*** a disorder com.lex sys.em,there is no dominant eigenvalue and eigen *** a probability amplitudeσIbecom.s finite in the thermodynamic limit,there is a condensation of the eigen microstate UIin analogy to the Bose–Einstein condensation of Bose *** indicates the emergence of U_I and a phase transition in com.lex *** framework has been applied successfully to equilibrium threedimensional Ising model,climate sys.em and stock *** anticipate that our eigen microstate method can be used to study non-equilibrium com.lex sys.ems with unknown orderparameters,such as phase transitions of collective motion and tipping points in climate sys.ems and ecosys.ems.

关键词： com.lex sys.em phase transition critical phenomena Earth sys.em statistical ensemble eigen microstate dynamic evolution econophysics

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Ordered mesoporous carbon as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst to activate peroxydisulfate for degradation of sulfadiazine

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第5期33卷 2747-2752页

作者： Zhi-Ling Li Di Cao Hao Cheng Fan Chen Jun Nan Bin Liang Kai Sun Cong Huang Ai-Jie Wang State Key lab.ratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China school of Civil&Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China school of Ecology and Environment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129China Key lab.of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of China Ministry of Education School of Civil EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjin 300308China

Catalytic potential of carbon nanomaterials in peroxydisulfate(PDS)advanced oxidation sys.ems for degradation of antibiotics remains poorly *** study revealed ordered mesoporous carbon(type CMK)acted as a superior catalyst for heterogeneous degradation of sulfadiazine(SDZ)in PDS sys.tem,with a first-order reaction kinetic constant(k)and total organic carbon(TOC)mineralization efficiency of 0.06 min^(–1) and 59.67%±3.4%within 60min,*** catalyzed PDS sys.em exhibited high degradation efficiencies of five other sulfonamides and three other types of antibiotics,verifying the broad-degradation capacity of *** neutral pH conditions,the optimal catalytic parameters were an initial SDZ concentration of 44.0mg/L,CMK dosage of 0.07g/L,and PDS dosage of 5.44mmol/L,respectively.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectrum analysis confirmed that the defect structure at edge of CMK and oxygen-containing functional groups on surface of CMK were major active sites,contributing to the high catalytic *** radical quenching analysis revealed that both SO_(4)•−and•OH were generated and participated in catalytic *** addition,direct electron transfer by CMK to activate PDS also occurred,further promoting catalytic *** of SDZ molecule was optimized using density functional theory,and the possible reaction sites in SDZ molecule were calculated using Fukui *** ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)–mass spectrometry(MS)/MS analysis,three potential degradation pathways were proposed,including the direct removal of SO_(2)molecules,the 14S-17N fracture,and the 19C-20N and 19C-27N cleavage of the SDZ *** study demonstrated that ordered mesoporous carbon could work as a feasible catalytic material for PDS advanced oxidation during removal of antibiotics from wastewater.

关键词： Ordered mesoporous carbon CMK Sulfadiazine Peroxydisulfate Degradation pathway Density functional theory Physicochemical properties

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TiZrHfNb refractory high-entropy alloys with twinning-induced plasticity

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第20期187卷 72-85页

作者： Shubin Wang Da Shu Peiying Shi Xianbing Zhang Bo Mao Donghong Wang Peter.K.Liaw Baode Sun Shanghai Key lab.of Advanced High-temperature Materials and Precision Forming and State Key lab.of Metal Matrix com.osites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA

The twinning-induced plasticity(TWIP)effect has been widely utilized in austenite steels,β-Ti alloys,and recently developed face-centered-cubic(FCC)high-entropy alloys(HEAs)to simultaneously enhance the tensile strength and *** this study,for the first time,the TWIP effect through hierarchical{332}mechanical twinning has been successfully engineered into the TiZrHfNb refractory HEAs by decreasing temperature and tailoring the content of Nb to destabilize the BCC *** cryogenic tem-perature,the com.rehensive hierarchical{332}mechanical twins are activated in TiZrHfNb_(0.5) alloy from micro-to nanoscale and progressively segment the BCC grains into nano-scale islands during de-formation,ensuring sustainable strain hardening capability and eventually achieving a substantial 35%uniform tensile *** addition,at 77 K,the tensile strength and uniform elongation of TiZrHfNbx alloys can further be adjusted by a moderate increase of *** results above shed new light on the de-velopment of high-performance refractory HEAs with a high and adjustable strength and ductility com.bination down to the cryogenic temperature.

关键词： Refractory high-entropy alloys Cryogenic temperature Twinning induced plasticity Hierarchical twins Tensile properties

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