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Activities of Daily Living-Related Functional Impairment Among Population Aged 65 and Older—China,2011–2050

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China CDC weekly 2023年第27期5卷 593-598页

作者： Binbin Su Panliang Zhong Chen Chen Yu Wu Xiaoying Zheng school of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Department of Population Health and Aging science School of Population Medicine and Public HealthChinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?The elevated prevalence of functional impairment among elderly individuals in China contributes to an increased burden of care.What is added by this report?This report presents a comprehensive evaluation of trends in functional impairment related to activities of daily living(ADL)among the elderly population in China.Furthermore,it offers insights for future projections of these trends in this demographic group.What are the implications for public health practice?Addressing the care needs and functional impairment issues among the aging population in China necessitates interdepartmental collaboration.

关键词： Population demographic elderly

Nonpharmaceutical interventions eff ectively reduced infl uenza spread during the COVID-19 pandemic

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第3期14卷 224-226页

作者： Yuan Yuan Yan Li Jiang-shan Wang Ye-cheng Liu Jun Xu Hua-dong Zhu Lu-zhao Feng Emergency Department State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China school of Population Medicine&Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China

Seasonal infl uenza,which is transmitted by droplets and direct contact,is a global public health issue that causes an average of 2.5 excess infl uenza-like illness(ILI)consultations per 1,000 person-years in China.[1]Nonpharmaceutical interventions(NPIs)against droplet and direct contact transmission,including social distancing measures and personal protective measures,are recommended to reduce the spread of disease.social distancing measures comprised isolating ill persons,quarantining exposed persons,school and workplace closures,and avoiding crowds.Personal protective measures included hygiene,respiratory etiquette,and face masks.[2]In December 2019,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)started to spread,and China introduced NPIs to address the pandemic in January 2020.These NPIs could also help reduce the spread of other respiratory diseases,such as seasonal influenza.[3]In the second half of 2020,the COVID-19 pandemic was gradually brought under control.Production,transport,and schools were returning to normal,while citizens were still required to wear masks in public.Cases of influenza also reappeared.This study compared the ILI percentage(ILI%),laboratory(LAB)-positive rate,incidence rate,and effective reproductive number(Rt)of infl uenzas from 2019 to 2022 to clarify the change in seasonal infl uenza spread after the COVID-19 outbreak.

关键词： protective measures spread

Strengthening Systematic Research on Aging:Reflections from an Omics Perspective

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China CDC weekly 2022年第39期4卷 875-878页

作者： Xiaoying Zheng Chao Guo school of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina APEC Health science academy Peking UniversityBeijingChina

Population aging has become a global concern in population development.Challenges to good health in older ages are more complex than at any other age and require a comprehensive framework to move the science of aging and health forward.In this paper,we describe an advanced and evolving conceptual framework that includes definitions,goals,disciplines,and a scope of human aging omics(HAO)based on theories and methods of omics science.The development of HAO will bring a paradigm shift in research related to aging and health by systematic identification,characterization,and quantification of all sets of health conditions and their complex relationships with the internal biomolecules and the external environment in the whole aging process of human beings from birth to death throughout the lifespan.

关键词： aging life goals

The Impact of Low Fertility Rates on Labor Demand and Socioeconomic Development in China

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China CDC weekly 2023年第27期5卷 599-604页

作者： Yutong Wu Binbin Su Jun Li Faculty of Applied Economics University of Chinese Academy of Social SciencesBeijingChina school of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Institute of Quantitative&Technological Economics University of Chinese Academy of Social SciencesBeijingChina

The World Population Prospects report,published by the United Nations in 2022,revealed a decline in the global population growth rate(PGR)to less than 1%—the lowest recorded rate since 1950.Predictions suggest a further decrease to 0.5%by 2050,culminating in negative growth in more than 60 countries and intensifying the issue of population aging(1).China,a highly populous nation,is encountering even more acute challenges.By the conclusion of 2022,China’s population totaled approximately 1.412 billion,reflecting a decline of 850,000 from the prior year and a natural PGR of−0.06%(2).

关键词： acute Impact conclusion

Role of social organization engagement in high-risk groups intervention against HIV/AIDS:a case study from 176 cities of China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第6期11卷 70-83页

作者： Zhiwei Leng Sha Sha Shuyu Dai Xuehui Meng Jinfeng Li Junyi Jin Wenlin Zheng Weihua Yang Chuanju Mao Zhenzhong Wang Liujin Zhang Peng Wang Tao Yang Weizhong Yang school of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina chinese Preventive Medicine Association BeijingChina Zhejiang chinese medical University HangzhouChina Centre for Health Management and Policy Research School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina chinese academy of medical sciences&peking union medical college BeijingChina

Background: A high-risk prevention strategy is an effective way to fight against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The China AIDS Fund for Non-Governmental Organizations (CAFNGO) was established in 2015 to help social organizations intervene to protect high-risk populations in 176 cities. This study aimed to evaluate the role of social organizations in high-risk population interventions against HIV/AIDS.Methods: This study was based on the CAFNGO program from 2016 to 2020. The collected data included the number and types of social organizations participating in high-risk group interventions and the amount of funds obtained by these organizations each year. We explored the factors influencing the number of newly diagnosed AIDS cases using a spatial econometric model. Furthermore, we evaluated the effectiveness of intervention activities by comparing the percentages of the individuals who initially tested positive, and the individuals who took the confirmatory test, as well as those who retested positive and underwent the treatment.Results: Overall, from 2016 to 2020, the number of social organizations involved in interventions to protect HIV/AIDS high-risk populations increased from 441 to 532, and the invested fund increased from $3.98 to $10.58 million. The number of newly diagnosed cases decreased from 9128 to 8546 during the same period. Although the number of cities with overall spatial correlations decreased, the spatial agglomeration effect persisted in the large cities. Citywise, the number of social organizations (direct effect 19.13), the permanent resident population (direct effect 0.12), GDP per capita (direct effect 17.58;indirect effect -15.38), and passenger turnover volume (direct effect 5.50;indirect effect -8.64) were the major factors influencing new positive cases confirmed through the testing interventions performed by the social organizations. The initial positive test rates among high-risk populations were below 5.5%, the retesting rates among

关键词： social organization High-risk groups HIV/AIDS Spatial effect

Impact of regional differences in stroke symptom awareness and low-income status on seeking emergency medical service in China

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chinese medical Journal 2021年第15期134卷 1812-1818页

作者： Jing Yuan Guang-Liang Shan Sheng-De Li Chun-Peng Gao Li-Ying Cui Bin Peng Department of Neurology Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China Department of Epidemiology and Statistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Disease Control and Prevention Office Dalian Municipal Central HospitalDalianLiaoning 116021China

Background:Unawareness of stroke symptoms and low income are two barriers that affect the seeking of emergency medical service(EMS).This study aimed to assess the effect of unawareness and low income on seeking EMS and to investigate the regional distribution of the unawareness and low-income status and their associations with failing to call EMS in China.Methods:A total of 187,723 samples from the China National Stroke Screening Survey was interviewed cross-sectionally.Four status of awareness and annual income were identified:unaware and low-income,unaware-only,low-income-only,and aware and regular income.The outcomes were whether they intended to call EMS or not.The regional distribution of each status and their associations with not calling EMS were presented.Results:The status of unaware and low-income,unaware-only,and low-income-only accounted for 6.3%(11,806/187,673),11.9%(22,241/187,673),and 21.5%(40,289/187,673)of the total sample,respectively.Not calling EMS was significantly associated with the status of unaware and low-income(odds ratio[OR]:3.21,95%confidence interval[Cl]:3.07-3.35),unaware-only(OR:2.38,95%Cl:2.31-2.46),and low-income-only(OR:1.67,95%Cl:1.63-1.71),compared with the aware and regular income status.The Midwest regions had higher percentages of people in the unaware and low-income status;the East,South,and Central had higher percentages of unaware-only status;the North and Northeast regions had a higher percentage of low-income-only status,compared with other regions.Conclusion:The existence of the regional difference in unawareness and low income justifies the specific stroke education strategies for the targeted regions and population.

关键词： Stroke Cerebrovascular disease Awareness Income Emergency medical service Developing countries

Exploring the social,ethical,legal,and responsibility dimensions of artificial intelligence for health-a new column in Intelligent Medicine

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Intelligent Medicine 2022年第2期2卷 103-109页

作者： Achim Rosemann Xinqing Zhang Centre for Computing and social Responsibility De Montfort UniversityLeicesterUnited Kingdom Department of Sociology Philosophy and AnthropologyUniversity of ExeterUnited Kingdom school of Humanities and social sciences Peking Union Medical College&Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100005China

This essay is the starting point of a new column in Intelligent Medicine that invites interdisciplinary perspectives on the social,ethical,legal,and responsibility aspects of the use of artificial intelligence(AI)in medicine and health care.Papers in this column will examine the practical,conceptual,and policy dimensions of the use of AI for health-related purposes from comparative and international perspectives.We invite contributions from around the world in all application areas of AI for health,including health care,health research,drug development,health care system management,as well as public health and public health surveillance.The column aims to provide a forum for reflective and critical scholarship that contributes to the ongoing academic and policy debates about the development,use,governance,and implications of AI in medical and health care settings.To launch the column,we first provide an overview of recent approaches that have been developed to identify and address the effects and potential impacts of science and technology innovations on human societies and the environment.These include ethical,legal,and social implications/aspects(ELSI/A)research,responsible research and innovation(RRI),sustainability transitions research,and the use of international standard-setting instruments for responsible and open science issued by the United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization(UNESCO),the World Health Organization(WHO),and other international bodies.In Part Two of this essay,we discuss some of the central challenges that arise with regard to the integration of AI and big data analytics in medical and health care settings.This includes concerns regarding(i)the control,reliability,and trustworthiness of AI systems,(ii)privacy and surveillance,(iii)the impact of AI and automation on health care staffemployment and the nature of clinical work,(iv)the effects of AI on health inequalities,justice,and access to medical care,and(v)challenges related to regulation and governance.We end the ess

关键词： Artificial intelligence Health Ethical,legal and social implications Responsible research and innovation Global ethics Governance of emerging technologies

Building a Chronic Diseases Prevention and Rehabilitation System Throughout the Life Span to Proactively Respond to the Challenges of Accelerated Population Aging

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China CDC weekly 2022年第39期4卷 863-865页

作者： Erdan Dong Xiaoying Zheng Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular science Ministry of EducationBeijingChina Research Center of Population Health and social Development University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesBeijingChina school of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina APEC Health science academy Peking UniversityBeijingChina

Population aging has emerged as one of the most pressing global demographic issues.Rapid population aging is being caused by a sharp drop in fertility rates over time,as well as a significant increase in life expectancy in the past decades.The World Health Organization(WHO)estimates that the proportion of those aged 60 years and older in the world’s population will almost double from approximately 12%in 2015 to 22%in 2050,with an absolute increase of 900 million to a total of 2 billion older adults(1).At the same time,the burden of global disease has changed greatly and the main diseases affecting human health have switched from acute and chronic infectious diseases to chronic non-communicable diseases(NCDs)(2).Such changing demographics and disease spectrum will profoundly affect all aspects of human society.

关键词： Population demographic fertility

重大传染病疫情防控中护理伦理问题的中国专家共识

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International Journal of Nursing sciences 2022年第1期9卷 5-10,I0001页

作者：王亚玲李雨宸沈碧玉李惠玲孙宏玉袁长蓉谢红珍李小妹李映兰关健贾启艾张新庆 school of Nursing Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina Department of Nursing Shanghai Children’s Medical CenterShanghaiChina school of Nursing Peking UniversityBeijingChina school of Nursing Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Nursing People’s Liberation Army General Hospital of Southern Theatre CommandGuangzhouChina Xi’an Jiaotong University Health science Centre Xi’anChina Xiangya school of Nursing Central South UniversityChangshaChina peking union medical college Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Jiangsu Nursing Vocational college Huai’anChina school of Humanities and social sciences Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

背景突发重大传染病在世界范围内影响着人类健康。作为全球最大的医疗卫生工作者群体和应对重大传染病的核心力量,护士位于抗疫一线。相关伦理问题引发关注,并以不同方式影响着护士。此外,人们过高的期望也会产生不适当的压力,甚至导致... 详细信息

背景突发重大传染病在世界范围内影响着人类健康。作为全球最大的医疗卫生工作者群体和应对重大传染病的核心力量,护士位于抗疫一线。相关伦理问题引发关注,并以不同方式影响着护士。此外,人们过高的期望也会产生不适当的压力,甚至导致护士发生职业倦怠。方法采用专家小组会议法发展和达成共识。形成共识的工作成员包括1个共识讨论组、1个共识撰写核心组、1名方法学家和4名秘书。经过16轮在线专家咨询和2轮专家小组会议,撰写核心组分析和审查了78项专家建议,从生命照护的伦理视角,形成重大传染病疫情防控过程中护理伦理问题专家共识。结果此专家共识聚焦于5个方面:护士的责任与权利、护患关系、医生-护士关系及整个疫情预防和控制期间社会与护士之间的关系。结论期望此专家共识有助于护士更好地应对突发公共卫生事件中的伦理问题和挑战,提高公众对护士在突发公共卫生事件中的角色和责任的合理期望与理解。

关键词：共识疾病暴发流行护士护理伦理公共卫生