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Transcriptomics integrated with metabolomics reveals the mechanism of CaCl_(2)-HCl electrolyzed water-induced glucosinolate biosynthesis in broccoli sprouts

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 801-812页

作者： Cui Li Shuhui Song Yanan He Haijie Liu College of food Science and nutritional Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

Glucosinolates are important phytochemicals in Brassicaceae.We investigated the effect of CaCl_(2)-HCl electrolyzed water(CHEW)on glucosinolates biosynthesis in broccoli sprouts.The results showed that CHEW treatment significantly decreased reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdeh yde(MDA)contents in broccoli sprouts.On the the 8^(th)day,compared to tap water treatment,the the total glucosinolate content of broccoli sprouts with CHEW treatment increased by 10.6%and calcium content was dramatically enhanced from 14.4 mg/g DW to 22.7 mg/g DW.Comparative transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that CHEW treatment activated ROS and calcium signaling transduction pathways in broccoli sprouts and they interacted through MAPK cascades.Besides,CHEW treatment not only promoted the biosynthesis of amino acids,but also enhanced the expression of structural genes in glucosinolate synthesis through transcription factors(MYBs,bHLHs,WRKYs,etc.).The results of this study provided new insights into the regulatory network of glucosinolates biosynthesis in broccoli sprouts under CHEW treatment.

关键词： Broccoli sprouts CaCl_(2)-HCl electrolyzed water Glucosinolates Transcriptomics Metabolomics

Inhibitory effect of procyanidin B2 and tannin acid on cholesterol esterase and their synergistic effect with orlistat

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 360-369页

作者： Xiangxin Li Yijing Pu Haitao Jiang Wenxiao Jiao Wenjun Peng Wenli Tian Weibo Jiang Xiaoming Fang Institute of Apicultural Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100093China College of food Science and nutritional Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China College of food Science and Engineering Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China

This study was aimed to analyze the effect of procyanidin B2(PC)and tannin acid(TA)on the activities of cholesterol esterase(CEase)and the inhibitory mechanisms of enzymatic activity.The interaction mechanisms were investigated by enzymatic kinetics,multi-spectroscopy methods,thermodynamics analysis,molecular docking,and dynamic simulations.PC and TA could bind with CEase and inhibit the activity of enzyme in a mixed-competitive manner and non-competitive manner,which was verified by molecular docking simulations and dynamics simulations.Also,PC and TA showed the synergistic inhibition with orlistat.Fluorescence,UVvis and the thermodynamic analysis revealed that the complexes were formed from CEase and inhibitors by noncovalent interaction.As revealed by the circular dichroism results,both PC and TA decreased enzymatic activities by altering the conformations of CEase.The inhibition of PC and TA on CEase might be one mechanism for its cholesterol-lowering effect.

关键词： Cholesterol esterase Polyphenols Interaction mechanisms Molecular dynamic simulation Synergistic effect

Effect of simulated gastrointestinal digestion on antioxidant,and anti-inflammatory activities of bioactive peptides generated in sausages fermented with Staphylococcus simulans QB7

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1662-1671页

作者： Hongying Li Hongbing Fan Zihan Wang Qiujin Zhu Jianping Wu Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous RegionMinistry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaAlberta T6G 2P5Canada Department of Animal and food sciences University of KentuckyLexington 40546United States school of Liquor and food Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Dry-fermented sausages are a good source of bioactive peptides,whose stability against gastrointestinal(GI)digestion determines their bioaccessibility.This study focused on evaluating the effect of peptide extracts from sausages fermented with Staphylococcus simulans QB7 during in vitro simulated GI digestion,including peptide profiles and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.Peptides present in sausages were degraded during digestion,with molecular weight reduced from>12 kDa to<1.5 kDa.Besides,the content of amino acids increased from 381.15 to 527.07 mg/g,especially tyrosine being found only after GI digestion.The anti-inflammatory activities were increased after GI digestion,however,the changes in antioxidant activities were the opposite.A total number of 255,252 and 386 peptide sequences were identified in undigested,peptic-digested and GI-digested samples,respectively.PeptideRanker,BIOPEP-UWM and admetSAR were used to further predict the functional properties and intestinal absorption of the identified peptide sequences from GI digestion.Finally,18 peptides were discovered to possess either antioxidant or anti-inflammatory capacities.

关键词： Gastrointestinal digestion Sausages Bioaccessibility Anti-inflammatory activities

Experimental arena settings might lead to misinterpretation of movement properties

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 271-284页

作者： Inon Scharf Kimberley Hanna Daphna Gottlieb The George S.Wise Faculty of Life sciences School of ZoologyTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of food Science Institute of Post-Harvest and Food ScienceVolcani CenterARORishon LeZionIsrael

Movement is an important animal behavior contributing to reproduction and survival.Animal movement is often examined in arenas or enclosures under laboratory conditions.We used the red flour beetle(Tribolium castaneum)to examine here the effect of the arena size,shape,number of barriers,access to the arena's center,and illumination on six movement properties.We demonstrate great differences among arenas.For example,the beetles moved over longer distances in clear arenas than in obstructed ones.Movement along the arena's perimeter was greater in smaller arenas than in larger ones.Movement was more directional in round arenas than in rectangular ones.In general,the beetles stopped moving closer to the perimeter and closer to corners(in the square and rectangular arenas)than expected by chance.In some cases,the arena properties interacted with the beetle sex to affect several movement properties.All these suggest that arena properties might also interact with experimental manipulations to affect the outcome of studies and lead to results specific to the arena used.In other words,instead of examining animal movement,we in fact examine the animal interaction with the arena structure.Caution is therefore advised in interpreting the results of studies on movement in arenas under laboratory conditions and we recommend paying attention also to barriers or obstacles in field experiments.For instance,movement along the arena's perimeter is often interpreted as centrophobism or thigmotaxis but the results here show that such movement is arena dependent.

关键词： activity centrophobism correlated random walk laboratory experiments movement ecology wall-following behavior

Lactobacillus melliventris promotes hive productivity and immune functionality in Bombus terrestris performance in the greenhouse

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 911-926页

作者： Qianhui Yu Yan Liu Shanshan Liu Shaogang Li Yifan Zhai Qingchao Zhang Li Zheng Hao Zheng Yifan Zhai Xiaofei Wang Insttute of Plant Protection Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsJinanChina College of food Science and nutritional Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina BGI-Qingdao BGI-ShenzhenQingdaoShandongChina

Bumblebees are important pollinators in agricultural ecosystems,but their abundance is declining globally.There is an urgent need to protect bumblebee health and their pollination services.Bumblebees possess specialized gut microbiota with potential to be used as probiotics to help defend at-risk bumblebee populations.However,evidence for probiotic benefits on bumblebees is lacking.Here,we evaluated how supplementation with Lactobacillus melliventris isolated from bumblebee gut affected the colony development of Bombus terrestris.This native strain colonized robustly and persisted long-term in bumblebees,leading to a significantly higher quality of offspring.Subsequently,the tyrosine pathway was upregulated in the brain and fat body,while the Wnt and mTOR pathways of the gut were downregulated.Notably,the field experiment in the greenhouse revealed the supplementation of L.melliventris led to a 2.5-fold increase in the bumblebee survival rate and a more than 10%increase in the number of flowers visited,indicating a better health condition and pollination ability in field conditions.Our study represents a first screening for the potential use of the native gut member,L.melliventris,as probiotic strains in hive supplement for bumblebee breeding,which may be a practical approach to improve immunity and hive health.

关键词： Bombus terrestris gut microbiota immunity Lactobacillus melliventris transcriptome

RACK1A promotes hypocotyl elongation by scaffolding light signaling components in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 956-972页

作者： Yajuan Fu Wei Zhu Yeling Zhou Yujing Su Zhiyong Li Dayan Zhang Dong Zhang Jinyu Shen Jiansheng Liang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Department of BiologySchool of Life SciencesInstitute of Plant and Food SciencesSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Plants deploy versatile scaffold proteins to intricately modulate complex cell signaling.Among these,RACK1A(Receptors for Activated C Kinase 1A)stands out as a multifaceted scaffold protein functioning as a central integrative hub for diverse signaling pathways.However,the precise mechanisms by which RACK1A orchestrates signal transduction to optimize seedling development remain largely unclear.Here,we demonstrate that RACK1A facilitates hypocotyl elongation by functioning as a flexible platform that connects multiple key components of light signaling pathways.RACK1A interacts with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR(PIF)3,enhances PIF3 binding to the promoter of BBX11 and down-regulates its transcription.Furthermore,RACK1A associates with ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5)to repress HY5 biochemical activity toward target genes,ultimately contributing to hypocotyl elongation.In darkness,RACK1A is targeted by CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC(COP)1 upon phosphorylation and subjected to COP1-mediated degradation via the 26 S proteasome system.Our findings provide new insights into how plants utilize scaffold proteins to regulate hypocotyl elongation,ensuring proper skoto-and photo-morphogenic development.

关键词： Arabidopsis hypocotyl development light signaling components RACK1 scaffoldprotein

Comparison of carotenoid,chlorophyll concentrations and their biosynthetic transcript levels in different coloured cauliflower

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 743-754页

作者： Fatemeh Izadpanah Katja Frede Forouzandeh Soltani Susanne Baldermann food Chemistry and Human Nutrition Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental CropsTheodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 114979 GroßbeerenGermany Department of food Chemistry Institute of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of PotsdamArthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-11614558 NuthetalGermany Department of Horticultural Science University of TehranDaneshkade Ave31587-77871KarajIran Faculty of Life sciences:food Nutrition and HealthFood MetabolomeUniversity of BayreuthFritz-Hornschuch-Straße1395326 KulmbachGermany

Carotenoids and chlorophylls are among the most widely distributed pigments in nature that play essential roles in the photosynthetic apparatus and confer diverse colours in plants.Among all vegetables,cauliflower(Brassica oleracea L.ssp.***.botrytis)is rich in phytochemicals and is an important crop grown all over the world.This study investigates carotenoid and chlorophyll concentrations in differently pigmented cultivars and elucidates the role of transcriptional regulation of carotenoid accumulation including lutein andβ-carotene.Here,we characterised changes in pigments by UHPLC-DAD-ToF-MS and changes in transcript levels of carotenoid metabolic genes by qRT-PCR in florets and leaves of orange(‘Jaffa'and‘Sunset'),purple(‘Di Sicilia Violetto'and‘Graffiti'),green(‘Trevi')and white(‘Clapton')cultivars.Transcript levels of all carotenoid metabolic genes showed different transcript level patterns in the leaves and florets.Compared to the other cultivars,the orange cultivars had the highest levels ofβ-carotene in the florets and lutein in the leaves resulting in changes lutein/β-carotene ratios.In the green cultivar,higher transcript levels were also found,especially for phytoene synthase and phytoene desaturase genes of the core biosynthesis pathway.However,no increased carotenoid concentrations were observed,possibly due to a higher carotenoid turnover induced by the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4 in the green cultivar.In the white(‘Clapton')and purple(‘Di Sicilia Violetto'and‘Graffiti')cultivars the phytoene desaturase transcript levels as well as carotenoid concentrations were low.Chlorophyll concentrations changed in trend comparable to the carotenoid concentrations and were only significantly lower in the leaves of the orange cultivar‘Jaffa'.Also,the chlorophyll a/b ratio changed in‘Jaffa'.In florets the highest chlorophylls concentrations were observed for the green cultivar(‘Trevi')and the purple cultivar(‘Di Sicilia Violetto').Taken together,the study demonstrates the complex source-sink relationship o

关键词： Brassica oleracea L.var.botrytis Carotenoid Lutein β-Carotene Biosynthesis qRT-PCR

Biochemistry and transcriptome analysis reveal condensed tannins alleviate liver injury induced by regulating cholesterol metabolism pathway

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 909-919页

作者： Xiangxin Li Yijing Pu Bangdi Liu Xiaoming Fang Wenjun Peng Weibo Jiang Wenli Tian Institute of Apicultural Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100093China College of food Science and nutritional Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100125China

Free cholesterol has been considered to be a critical risk factor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).It remains unknown whether dietary intake of condensed tannins(CTs)have distinguishable effects to alleviate liver damage caused by a high cholesterol diet.Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high cholesterol diet for 6 weeks,and given CTs treatment at a dosage of 200 mg/(kg·day)at the same time.The results indicated that compared with mice fed a normal diet,a high cholesterol diet group resulted in significant weight loss,dysregulation of lipid metabolism in blood and liver,and oxidative stress in the liver,but CTs treatment dramatically reversed these negative effects.Hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining and frozen section observation manifested that CTs treatment could effectively reduce the deposition of liver cholesterol and tissue necrosis caused by high cholesterol intake.CTs alleviated liver injury mainly by regulating the expression of related genes in cholesterol metabolism pathway and AMPK phosphorylation.Our results confirmed that CTs have remarkable cholesterol lowering and anti-liver injury effects in vivo.

关键词： Condensed tannins High cholesterol Liver injury Antioxidants Transcriptomic analysis

Methionine sources and genotype affect embryonic intestinal development, antioxidants, tight junctions, and growth-related gene expression in chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 218-230页

作者： James K.Lugata Sawadi F.Ndunguru Gebrehaweria K.Reda Xénia E.Ozsváth Eszter Angyal Levente Czeglédi Gabriella Gulyás Renáta Knop János Oláh Zoltán Mészár Rita Varga Brigitta Csernus Csaba Szabó Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management University of Debrecen Faculty of Agriculture and food sciences and Environmental Management Doctoral School of Animal Science University of Debrecen Department of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management University of Debrecen Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Debrecen Institutes for Agricultural Research and Educational Farm University of Debrecen Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen

Methionine(Met) is an essential and first limiting amino acid in the poultry diet that plays a significant role in chicken embryonic development and growth. The present study examined the effect of in ovo injection of DL-Met and L-Met sources and genotypes on chicken embryonic-intestinal development and health. Fertilized eggs of the two genotypes, TETRA-SL layer hybrid(TSL)—commercial layer hybrid and Hungarian Partridge colored hen breed(HPC)—a native genotype, were randomly distributed into four treatments for each genotype. The treatment groups include the following: 1) control non-injected eggs(NoIn); 2) saline-injected(SaIn); 3) DL-Met injected(DLM); and 4) L-Met injected(LM). The in ovo injection was carried out on 17.5 d of embryonic development; after hatching, eight chicks per group were sacrificed, and the jejunum was extracted for analysis. The results showed that both DLM and LM groups had enhanced intestinal development as evidenced by increased villus width, villus height, and villus area(P < 0.05) compared to the control. The DLM group had significantly reduced crypt depth, glutathione(GSH) content, glutathione S-transferase 3 alpha(GST3), occludin(OCLN) gene expression and increased villus height to crypt depth ratio in the TSL genotype than the LM group(P < 0.05). The HPC genotype has overexpressed insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1) gene, tricellulin(MD2), occludin(OCLN),superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1), and GST3 genes than the TSL genotype(P < 0.05). In conclusion, these findings showed that in ovo injection of Met enhanced intestinal development, and function, with genotypes responding differently under normal conditions. Genotypes also influenced the expression of intestinal antioxidants, tight junction, and growth-related genes.

关键词： DL-Methionine L-Methionine In ovo injection Intestinal development Poultry