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An insect cell-derived extracellular vesicle-based gB vaccine elicits robust adaptive immune responses against Epstein-Barr virus

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第3期 734-745页

作者： Qian Wu Kaiyun Chen Wenhui Xue Guosong Wang Yanbo Yang Shaowei Li Ningshao Xia Yixin Chen State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research School of Life Sciences School of Public Health Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory Xiamen University

Epstein-Barr virus(EBV), the first identified human tumor virus, is implicated in various human malignancies, infectious mononucleosis,and more recently, multiple sclerosis. Prophylactic vaccines have the potential to effectively prevent EBV infection. Glycoprotein B(gB)serves as the fusogen and plays a pivotal role in the virus entry process, making it a critical target for EBV vaccine development. Surface membrane proteins of enveloped viruses serve as native conformational antigens, making them susceptible to immune recognition. Utilizing lipid membrane-bound viral antigens is a promising strategy for effective vaccine presentation in this context. In this study, we employed a truncated design for gB proteins, observing that these truncated gB proteins prompted a substantial release of extracellular vesicles(EVs) in insect cells. We verified that EVs exhibited abundant gB proteins, displaying the typical virus particle morphology and extracellular vesicle characteristics. gB EVs demonstrated a more efficient humoral and cellular immune response compared with the gB ectodomain trimer vaccine in mice. Moreover, the antisera induced by the gB EVs vaccine exhibited robust antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. Consequently, gB EVs-based vaccines hold significant potential for preventing EBV infection and offer valuable insights for vaccine design.

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In situ preparation of composite gel electrolytes with high room-temperature ionic conductivity and homogeneous Na+flux for sodium metal batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Yuzhuo Ding Longbin Li Shuo Xu Binghua Zhou Jing Wang Yiwang Chen Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and MaterialsJiangxi Normal University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Gannan Normal University school of Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Normal University film Energy Chemistry for Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Institute of Polymer and Energy Chemistry Nanchang University

Gel polymer electrolytes（GPEs） are conceived to be a good way to build safer lithium/sodium metal batteries by substituting traditional liquid electrolytes. However, it is still very difficult for GPEs to simultaneously achieve high room-temperature ionic conductivity, uniform Na+flow, superior interfacial compatibility, and increased mechanical strength. Herein, a composite gel electrolyte（KNT-PTGPE） with high ionic conductivity of 4.06 mS cm-1is prepared through chemical crosslinking strategy and the introduction of inorganic nanoparticles. The hybrid gel polymer network is formed by in situ cross-linking modified TiO2（KNT）, three-armed trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and poly（ethylene glycol） diacrylate. The resulting 3D interpenetrating network facilitates the absorption of liquid electrolytes and improves the mechanical properties of electrolyte. Theoretical calculation and in situ measurements reveal that the homogeneous TiO2fillers with abundant Lewis acid site and polymer network are involved in the solvation process of Na+, thus constructing a fast Na+transport channel. Consequently, a stable plating/stripping process lasting over 900 h is achieved due to the uniform distribution of Na+flux and the good mechanical properties of the electrolyte, and the assembled cell exhibits an excellent long-term cycling stability. The approach offers more opportunities to design GPEs for high performance SMBs.

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Nonlinear waves for a variable-coefficient modified Kadomtsev-Petviashvili system in plasma physics and electrodynamics

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2025年第1期77卷 23-34页

作者： Guang-Mei Wei Yu-Xin Song Tian-Chi Xing Shu Miao school of Mathematical Sciences Beihang University100191 BeijingChina

In this paper,a variable-coefficient modified Kadomtsev-Petviashvili(vcm KP)system is investigated by modeling the propagation of electromagnetic waves in an isotropic charge-free infinite ferromagnetic thin film and nonlinear waves in plasma physics and ***éanalysis is given out,and an auto-B?cklund transformation is constructed via the truncated Painlevé*** on the auto-B?cklund transformation,analytic solutions are given,including the solitonic,periodic and rational *** the Lie symmetry approach,infinitesimal generators and symmetry groups are *** the Lagrangian,the vcm KP equation is shown to be nonlinearly ***,conservation laws for the vcm KP equation are derived by means of a general conservation ***,the physical characteristics of the influences of the coefficient parameters on the solutions are discussed *** solutions have comprehensive implications for the propagation of solitary waves in nonuniform backgrounds.

关键词： modified Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation Lie symmetry optimal system nonlinear self-adjointness conservation law symbolic computation

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Longitudinal Associations between Vitamin D Status and Systemic Inflammation Markers among Early Adolescents

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期38卷 94-99页

作者： Ting Tang Xinhui Wang Xue Wen Min Li Mengyuan Yuan Yonghan Li Xiaoqin Zhong Fangbiao Tao Puyu Su Xihua Yu Gengfu Wang Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent HealthSchool of Public HealthAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032AnhuiChina xiamen Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Health&Nutrition Products Xiamen 361000FujianChina Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle(Anhui Medical university) Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of ChinaHefei 230032AnhuiChina Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032AnhuiChina

Vitamin D deficiency(VDD)has emerged as a major nutritional problem among children and *** studies have documented the adverse health effects of VDD,including conditions such as chronic kidney diseases,hypoparathyroidism,and autoimmune ***,these studies were conducted only in adults and among individuals with underlying medical *** is at a unique stage of growth,where nutritional deficiencies may have profound implications on their future ***,there is an urgent need to conduct research on the impact of vitamin D deficiency on adolescent health.

关键词： vitamin Marker among

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Polybenzimidazolium-reinforced polyimide separators to inhibit dendrites for high-security lithium-ion batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Guohua Sun Jiaqi Cui Qingsong Zhang Yisong Zhou Xinluo Li Yingying Zhang Zhanao Zhang Xin Zhang Jiantao Fan Pengpeng Li Lianlong Hou Nanjun Chen Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University

Lithium dendrite formation poses a significant safety hazard in lithium-ion batteries（LIBs）, severely impeding their widespread adoption and further technological advancements. Here, we present a novel quaternized polybenzimidazolium（q-PBI） to armor polyimide（PI） nanofiber separator（q-PBI@PI）, in which the q-PBI containing lithiophilicity and anionphilicity sites serves as the multifunctional nano-layers to suppress the Li dendrite and reinforce the mechanical properties of PI nanofiber ***, the q-PBI@PI separator displays an unprecedented mechanical strength of 82.8 MPa, significantly outperforming previously reported PI nanofiber membranes（typically below 50.0 MPa）. Besides, we demonstrate that the q-PBI@PI separator simultaneously possesses low nucleation overpotential（59 mV） and exceptional average coulombic efficiency due to the suppression of Li dendrite. Importantly, q-PBI@PI-based Li||Li battery enables a stable Li plating-stripping at 1.0 m A cm-2for600 h. Attributing to these exceptional merits, the armored PI separator-based LIBs display remarkable specific capability and capacity retention. The density function theory calculations reveal that q-PBI is conducive to the desolvation of Li+and can immobilize Li+and PF6-ions near affinity sites of PI nanofibers for inhibiting the formation of Li dendrites. Our work paves a new avenue for the design of next-generation high-performing separators in LIBs.

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Metallized polymer current collector as “stress acceptor” for stable micron-sized silicon anodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 786-794页

作者： Ziyi Cao Haoteng Sun Yi Zhang Lixia Yuan Yaqi Liao Haijin Ji Shuaipeng Hao Zhen Li Long Qie Yunhui Huang State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry Brown University

Micron-sized silicon（μSi） is a promising anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to its high specific capacity,low cost,and abundant ***,the volume expansion that occurs during cycling leads to the accumulation of undesirable stresses,resulting in pulverization of silicon microparticles and shortened lifespan of the ***,a composite film of Cu-PET-Cu is proposed as the current collector（CC） for μSi anodes to replace the conventional Cu ***-PET-Cu CC is prepared by depositing Cu on both sides of a polyethylene terephthalate（PET） *** PET layer promises good ductility of the film,permitting the Cu-PET-Cu CC to accommodate the volumetric changes of silicon microparticles and facilitates the stress release through ductile *** a result,the μSi electrode with Cu-PET-Cu CC retains a high specific capacity of 2181 mA h g-1,whereas the μSi electrode with Cu CC（μSi/Cu） exhibits a specific capacity of 1285 mA h g-1after 80 *** stress relieving effect of CuPET-Cu was demonstrated by in-situ fiber optic stress monitoring and multi-physics *** work proposes an effective stress relief strategy at the electrode level for the practical implementation of μSi anodes.

关键词： Electrode design Metallized polymer current collector Micron-sized Si anodes Stress relieving

Enhanced reflection laser protection thin films compatible with visible light stealth

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Chinese Optics Letters 2025年第1期 125-131页

作者：何泽湘胡泽雄杨坚陈炜杰段珍珍王宁王丹纪晓锬陈楠罗正钱卜轶坤 school of Electronic Science and Engineering (National Model Microelectronics College) Xiamen University Fujian Key Laboratory of Ultrafast Laser Technology and Applications Xiamen University

For bicolor regulation in laser protection compatible with visible light stealth, a metal–dielectric–enhanced reflection asymmetric Fabry–Perot structure is proposed that has high reflectance at the laser wavelength and the color control of the visible spectrum. The six-layer reflection enhancement unit is composed of an Al metal mirror, SiO2, Ta2O5, and an ultrathin Nb metal layer. The synergistic relationship between the background color and laser wavelength reflectance was analyzed and simulated. Six different colors from blue to red with high reflectance at 1064 nm laser wavelength up to 97.84% were prepared. The thin films can withstand 2535 W cm-2power density continuous irradiation for 60 s without being ***, a symmetrical structure presents the spectrum consistency from both directions, which makes the potential to be applied to the laser protective coatings. The blue symmetrical microreflector sample was prepared and sprayed on the nonplanar models to demonstrate the actual application effect. This simple and efficient scheme provides an innovative technical approach in the field of surface laser protection.

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The Spillover Effects of International Co-production in the Chinese film Industry

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China & World Economy 2025年第1期33卷 101-131页

作者： Feng Yu Ning Li Jing Yan Yan Zhang school of Economics and Management University of Science and Technology BeijingChina school of International Trade and Economics Central University of Finance and EconomicsChina

This study examines the spillover effects of international film co-production using data on films released in the Chinese mainland from 2006 to *** results indicate that local film producers can enhance their product performance by leveraging the expertise and practices of more sophisticated foreign firms during international *** effects were observed related to budget size,firm size,ownership structure,and cultural *** spillover effects can occur through two mechanisms:the demonstration effect(the adoption of more advanced technology)and the labor mobility effect(actors or directors upgrading their skills).An instrumental variable approach is employed to address endogeneity *** study contributes to the spillover effects of international co-production,which has been neglected in the *** empirical findings suggest that engaging in international co-production can potentially boost productivity for firms from developing *** country governments may consider offering preferential policies to promote international co-production as an alternative to foreign direct investment(FDI),thereby fostering positive spillover effects.

关键词： demonstration effect international co-production labor mobility effect film industry spillovereffects

Record-high heat transfer performance of spray cooling on 3D-printed hierarchical micro/nano-structured surface

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Science Bulletin 2025年第2期70卷 223-231页

作者： Yongyan Hu Yifan Lei Xiuliang Liu Ronggui Yang school of Energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Managing high-flux waste heat with controllable device working temperature is becoming challenging and critical for the artificial intelligence,communications,electric vehicles,defense and aerospace *** cooling,which combines forced convection with phase-change latent heat of working fluids,is promising for high flux heat *** of the previous studies on spray cooling enhancement adopted high spray flow rates to strengthen forced convection for high critical heat flux(CHF),leading to a low heat transfer coefficient(HTC).Micro/nanostructured surfaces can enhance boiling,but bubbles inside the structures tend to form a vapor blanket,which can deteriorate heat *** work demonstrates simultaneous enhancement of CHF and HTC in spray cooling by improving both evaporation and liquid film boiling on three-dimensional(3D)ordered hierarchical micro/nano-structured *** hierarchical micro/nano-structured surface is designed to coordinate the transport of spray droplets,capillary liquid films,and boiling bubbles to enhance spray cooling *** inversion where superheat decreases with increasing heat flux is observed,leading to an ultra-high HTC due to the simultaneous promotion of bubble nucleation and *** CHF is obtained by overcoming the liquid–vapor counterflow,i.e.,synergistically facilitating bubble escape and liquid permeation.A record-breaking heat transfer performance of spray cooling is achieved with a maximum heat flux of1273 W/cm^(2)and an HTC of 443.7 kW/(m^(2)K)over a 1 cm^(2)heating area.?2024 Science China *** by Elsevier *** Science China *** rights are reserved,including those for text and data mining,AI training,and similar technologies.

关键词： Spray cooling Liquid film boiling Liquid film evaporation Hierarchical structure Thermal management