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Food Science and Human Wellness 2025年

作者： Hao Chen Zhuang Wang Xinxin Pei Jielin Chen Kaili Xuan Lei Gong Xinyu Zhou Yuzhe Huang Yan Chen school of Life Sciences， Anhui University Key Laboratory of Ecological engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province Institutes of Physical Science and information Technology， Anhui University Fugong Yuanlveda Puluo Tea Industry Co.， Ltd.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） is a multifaceted metabolic condition characterized by chronic hyperglycemia （elevated blood sugar levels） and insulin resistance （IR）. We have isolated a new homogeneous polysaccharide， LYTP-3， (7.22 × 105Da) with anti-diabetic activity， from large leaf yellow tea （LYT） by biological activity-guided sequential separation and activity evaluation. Using a T2DM mouse model， we demonstrate that oral administration of LYTP-3 can reduce blood lipid levels， alleviate hyperglycemia and glucose tolerance， and inhibit insulin resistance. LYTP-3 ameliorated T2DM treatment by activating the liver X receptor alpha （LXRα）-ATP-binding cassette （ABC） transporter （LXRα-ABCA1/ABCG1） signaling pathway， which is regulated by the gut microbiota. The strain Lachnospiraceae bacterium A4 is potentially the key to this improvement. Additionally， we have solved the molecular structure of LYTP-3 using nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）， and methylation analyses. The main backbone of LYTP-3 consists of 1，2，4-α-L-Rhap， 1，4-α-D-Galp， 1，6-α-D-Glcp， with branches of 1，4-β-D-Galp， 1，6-β-D-GalpA， 1，3，6-β-D-Manp， 1，2-α-L-Rhap， T-β-Manp， and T-β-Galp. The findings of this study suggest that LYTP-3 may serve as a potential gut microbiota modulator in the treatment of T2DM.

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Novel transparent high-entropy sesquioxide ceramics with high physicochemical plasma etching resistance

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2025年第1期14卷 163-176页

作者： Yu-Bin Shin Su Been Ham Ha-Neul Kim Mi-Ju Kim Jae-Woong Ko Jae-Wook Lee Young-Jo Park Jung-Hyung Kim Hyo-Chang Lee Young Hwa Jung Jung Woo Lee Ho Jin Ma Nano Materials Research Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and engineering Pusan National UniversityPusan 46241Republic of Korea Semiconductor Integrated Metrology Team Korea Research Institute of Standards and ScienceDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea Department of semiconductor Science Engineering and TechnologyKorea Aerospace UniversityGoyang 10540Republic of Korea school of Electronics and information engineering Korea Aerospace UniversityGoyang 10540Republic of Korea PLS-II Beamline Division Pohang Accelerator LaboratoryPohang 37673Republic of Korea

High-entropy ceramics exhibit novel intrinsic ***,they have been explored for a wide range of applications ranging from thermal insulation and energy storage to advanced optical ***,the semiconductor industry has faced a demand for higher-performance chips,necessitating higher aspect ratios in wafer fabrication and further miniaturization of ***,novel materials with high plasma etching resistance and minimal contaminant generation are *** plasma-etching resistance displayed by high-entropy ceramics can be an innovative solution to this emerging *** this study,we successfully fabricated single-phase high-entropy sesquioxide ceramics with high optical transparency,dense microstructure,and minimal residual pores.A structural analysis of the fabricated samples revealed a single-phase structure with excellent phase *** evaluation of the plasma-etching resistance of high-entropy ceramics revealed for the first time a low etching rate of 8 nm/h compared with that of conventional plasma-resistant *** comprehensive characterizations of high-entropy ceramics indicate that they are promising candidates for significantly improving the production yield of semiconductors and for a wide range of potential applications,such as next-generation active optical ceramics.

关键词： high-entropy ceramics plasma etching resistance transparent ceramics sintering semiconductor manufacturing

Adhesive contact:from atomistic model to continuum model

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Chinese Physics B 2011年第4期20卷 286-294页

作者：樊康旗贾建援朱应敏张秀艳 school of electronical & Mechanical engineering Xidian University

Two types of Lennard-Jones potential are widely used in modeling adhesive contacts. However, the relationships between the parameters of the two types of Lennard-Jones potential are not well defined. This paper employs a self- consistent method to derive the Lennard-Jones surface force law from the interatomic Lennard-Jones potential with emphasis on the relationships between the parameters. The ei^ect of using correct parameters in the adhesion models is demonstrated in single sphere-flat contact via continuum models and an atomistic model. Furthermore, the adhesion hysteresis behaviour is investigated, and the S-shaped force-distance relation is revealed by the atomistic model. It shows that the adhesion hysteresis loop is generated by the jump-to-contact and jump-off-contact, which are illustrated by the S-shaped force-distance curve.

关键词： Lennard-Jones potential adhesive contact atomistic model adhesion hysteresis

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PS-CoT-Adapter: adapting plan-and-solve chain-of-thought for ScienceQA

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Science China(information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 392-393页

作者： Qun LI Haixin SUN Fu XIAO Yiming WANG Xinping GAO Bir BHANU school of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Purple Mountain Laboratories Department of Electrical and Computer engineering University of California at Riverside

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable performance in a variety of natural language processing (NLP) *** further explore LLMs'reasoning abilities in solving complex problems,recent research [1-3]has investigated chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning in complex multimodal scenarios,such as science question answering (ScienceQA) tasks [4],by fine-tuning multimodal models through human-annotated CoT ***,collected CoT rationales often miss the necessary rea-soning steps and specific expertise.

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Materials and devices for high‐density,high‐throughput micro‐electrocorticography arrays

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5卷 17-28页

作者： Yang Xie Yanxiu Peng Jinhong Guo Muyang Liu Bozhen Zhang Lan Yin He Ding Xing Sheng Department of Electronic engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and TechnologyInstitute for Precision MedicineLaboratory of Flexible Electronics TechnologyIDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display School of Optics and PhotonicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China school of Materials Science and engineering The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine ProcessingLaboratory of Flexible Electronics TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The pursuit of precisely recording and localizing neural activities in brain cortical regions drives the development of advanced electrocorticography(ECoG)*** progress has led to the emergence of micro-ECoG(μECoG)devices with sub-millimeter *** review presents the current research status,development directions,potential innovations and applications of high-density,high-throughputμECoG ***,we summarize the challenges associated with accurately recording single or multiple neurons using existingμECoG devices,including passive multielectrode and active transistor ***,we focus on cutting-edge advancements in passiveμECoG devices by discussing the design principles and fabrication strategies to optimize three key parameters:impedance,mechanical flexibility,and ***,recent findings highlight the need for further research and development in active transistor arrays,including silicon,metal oxide,and solution-gated *** active transistor arrays have the potential to unlock the capabilities of high-density,high-throughputμECoG devices and overcome the limitations of passive multielectrode *** review explores the potential innovations and applications ofμECoG devices,showcasing their effectiveness for both brain science research and clinical applications.

关键词： Electrocorticography Micro-electrocorticography Flexible electronics Bioelectronics Neural electrode array

A review on global spatial distribution,sources and toxicity of perfluoroalkyl acid and prospect in the cryosphere

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第1期22卷 167-183页

作者： LI Bowen Du Wentao KANG Shichang CHEN Jizu JIANG Youyan YIN Lichen LU Changsheng LIU Hongyi State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and frozen soil engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Lanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Gansu Provincial Industry Technology Center of Intelligent Equipment and Big Data for Disaster Prevention Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Lanzhou 730000China Lanzhou Regional Climate Center Lanzhou 730000China school of Earth Sciences and Spatial information engineering Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China school of Energy and Power engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730000China Zhangye Meteorological Service Zhangye 734000China

Perfluoroalkyl acid analogs(PFAAs)are a class of chemically stable environmentally persistent organic pollutants(POPs)that are difficult to degrade and have a strong capacity to accumulate in the human *** have been found to be biotoxic to humans and have been detected in various environmental media,especially in the cryosphere at trace *** cryosphere,sensitively responds to climate change,plays a crucial role in the global water,carbon and energy ***,researches on cryosphere PFAAs especially in Tibetan Plateau(TP)is ***,we summarize the physicochemical properties,physiological toxicity,spatiotemporal distribution,sources,diffusion and migration pathways,as well as analysis and removal methods of PFAAs in the cryosphere *** results show that PFAAs pollutants are mainly produced and distributed in the more economically developed countries in Europe and the United States,as well as in East Asia,and PFAAs can be transported by atmospheric circulation and water cycle to remote regions including cryosphere *** current detection methods for PFAAs in cryosphere need to be further refined for increased accuracy and *** is also a need to develop more effective removal methods that will reduce the environmental and human threats posed by these ***,we propose key scientific questions for future research in cryosphere including PFAAs redistribution influenced by cryosphere changes,human activities,and the interaction of other spheres.

关键词： Perfluoroalkyl acid Cryosphere Physiological toxicity Analytical method Removal method

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Self-adhesive ultrasound-mediated triboelectric nanogenerator device for subcutaneous antibacterial treatment and accelerated wound healing

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Science China Materials 2025年第1期68卷 261-269页

作者： Xiaowei Lv Chunmei Guo Sihan Luo Lina Qi Jingyi Shi Jianhang Zhao Ying Chen Aijun He Quli Fan Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics&information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials Nanjing University of Post&TelecommunicationsNanjing 210021China school of Electronic Science and engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Electrical stimulation therapy has excellent potential for wound healing and tissue ***,conventional approaches often require external power sources and implantable electrodes,which can limit their practical ***,we report the development of an ultrasound-mediated powered wound healing device(LH-TENG)that employs skin-adhesive AgC@L-g-PAM/HPC hydrogel as electrodes instead of traditional *** ultrasound excitation,the LH-TENG can firmly adhere to tissue surfaces and generate a uniform electric field around the wound area,promoting cell migration,proliferation,and accelerating ***,the device exhibits antibacterial properties,making it promising for treating infected chronic *** to its wireless power supply,simple structure,and excellent biocompatibility,this ultrasound-mediated wound healing device has the potential and advantages of developing implantable therapy devices for treating infected chronic wounds.

关键词： ultrasound mediation triboelectric nanogenerator antibacterial wound healing

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Significant changes in the physicochemical properties of BC-containing particles during the cold season in Beijing

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 667-676页

作者： Shuya Hu Linghan Zeng Gang Zhao Shiyi Chen Chunsheng Zhao Weilun Zhao Min Hu State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control International Joint Research Center for Atmospheric Research(IJRC)College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

The ambient air quality has improved significantly under strict emission controls in Beijing,China over the last *** carbon(BC),as a short-lived climate forcer in ambient aerosols,profoundly impacts the air quality and *** studies have demonstrated a decline in the mass concentration of *** this study,we characterized the chemical compositions and size distributions of BC-containing particles during the cold season of 2022 in Beijing using state-of-the-art instruments capable of exclusively measuring BCcontaining *** optical properties of BC-containing particles were further calculated based on the Mie ***,we compared the properties of BC-containing particles in 2022 with the results of previous *** results showed that the diameters of BC cores became larger while the coating thickness of BC-containing particles became thinner in *** the coating materials,the mass fraction of nitrate increased obviously,and even replaced organic matter as the dominant component during the peak of the pollution *** in chemical compositions and size distributions resulted in lower mass absorption cross-sections(MAC)of BC-containing particles from 10.5±1.1 m^(2)/g in 2016 to 7.3±0.8 m^(2)/g in 2022,reduced by 30.5%.Our results demonstrate the synergistic benefits of air pollution control in improving air quality and mitigating climate ***,the MAC of BC adopted in climate models should vary with the changing air pollution *** study emphasizes that it is imperative to conduct long-term observations of BC-containing particles to better estimate BC’s climate effects.

关键词： Black carbon Chemical composition Size distribution Light absorption ability

Modular access toπ-conjugated planar chiral diradicaloids using redox-active pillar[5]arenes

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Yuting Xue Yi Zeng Yafei Shi Yu Tian Cuiping Sun Niu Zhang Xiaoyan Zheng Pangkuan Chen Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Analysis & Testing Centre Beijing Institute of Technology

Open-shell chiral diradicals that feature both the unique chiroptical properties and tunable spin states have kindled numerous interests in organic synthesis and material *** present a new class of such model systems based on theπ-extended planar chiral pillar[5]arene derivatives P5Flu and P5Cz,where the pillar[5]arene-based chiral scaffolds are coupled with sterically encumbered fluorenyl and carbazolyl moieties as highly luminescent redox-active emitters,*** molecules in neutral states can readily undergo chemical oxidations leading toπ-conjugated chiral diradicals of the dehydrogenated P5Flu2·and a positively charged dication P5Cz2+2·.Characterization of the resulting Müller’s open-shell species by variable-temperature electron spin resonance （VT-ESR）,UV-vis-NIR absorption,VT-NMR and by computational studies revealed a singlet (ΔES-T=?1.63 kcal mol-1) and a nearly degenerate singlet-triplet ground state (ΔES-T=0.05 kcal mol-1,with a diradical character index y0=0.89) for P5Cz2+2·and P5Flu2·,*** particularly show in this work a new journey for pillar[5]arenes from the conventionally available closed-shell structures to different open-shell spin states with potential applications in chirospintronics and NIR-active chiroptoelectronic materials.

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Combined Architecture of Destination Sequence Distance Vector (DSDV) Routing with Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Blockchain in Cyber-Physical Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2311-2330页

作者： Jawad Ahmad Ansari Mohamad Khairi Ishak Khalid Ammar school of Electrical and Electronic engineering Engineering CampusUniversiti Sains MalaysiaNibong TebalPulau Pinang11800Malaysia Department of Electrical and Computer engineering College of Engineering and Information TechnologyAjman UniversityAjman346United Arab Emirates

Cyber-Physical System (CPS) devices are increasing exponentially. Lacking confidentiality creates a vulnerable network. Thus, demanding the overall system with the latest and robust solutions for the defence mechanisms with low computation cost, increased integrity, and surveillance. The proposal of a mechanism that utilizes the features of authenticity measures using the Destination Sequence Distance Vector (DSDV) routing protocol which applies to the multi-WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) of IoT devices in CPS which is developed for the Device-to-Device (D2D) authentication developed from the local-chain and public chain respectively combined with the Software Defined Networking (SDN) control and monitoring system using switches and controllers that will route the packets through the network, identify any false nodes, take preventive measures against them and preventing them for any future problems. Next, the system is powered by Blockchain cryptographic features by utilizing the TrustChain features to create a private, secure, and temper-free ledger of the transactions performed inside the network. Results are achieved in the legitimate devices connecting to the network, transferring their packets to their destination under supervision, reporting whenever a false node is causing hurdles, and recording the transactions for temper-proof records. Evaluation results based on 1000+ transactions illustrate that the proposed mechanism not only outshines most aspects of Cyber-Physical systems but also consumes less computation power with a low latency of 0.1 seconds only.

关键词： DSDV intelligent authentication SDN control&monitoring blockchain recording of transactions