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Intelligent integrated sensing and communication:a survey

Science China(information Sciences) 2025年第03期68卷 5-46页

作者： Jifa ZHANG Weidang LU Chengwen XING Nan ZHAO Naofal AL-DHAHIR George K.KARAGIANNIDIS Xiaoniu YANG school of information and Communication engineering Dalian University of Technology College of information engineering Zhejiang University of Technology school of information and electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Department of electrical and Computer engineering The University of Texas at Dallas Department of electrical and Computer engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a promising technique to increase spectral efficiency and support various emerging applications by sharing the spectrum and hardware between these functionalities. However, the traditional ISAC schemes are highly dependent on the accurate mathematical model and suffer from the challenges of high complexity and poor performance in practical scenarios. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a viable technique to address these issues due to its powerful learning capabilities, satisfactory generalization capability, fast inference speed, and high adaptability for dynamic environments, facilitating a system design shift from model-driven to data-driven. Intelligent ISAC, which integrates AI into ISAC, has been a hot topic that has attracted many researchers to investigate. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of intelligent ISAC, including its motivation, typical applications, recent trends, and challenges. In particular, we first introduce the basic principle of ISAC, followed by its key techniques. Then, an overview of AI and a comparison between model-based and AI-based methods for ISAC are provided. Furthermore, the typical applications of AI in ISAC and the recent trends for AI-enabled ISAC are reviewed. Finally, the future research issues and challenges of intelligent ISAC are discussed.

关键词： artificial intelligence deep learning deep reinforcement learning federated learning generative artificial intelligence integrated sensing and communication machine learning transfer learning

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Graph reinforcement learning with relational priors for predictive power allocation

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Science China(information Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 230-247页

作者： Jianyu ZHAO Chenyang YANG school of electronics and information engineering Beihang University

Deep reinforcement learning for resource allocation has been investigated extensively owing to its ability of handling model-free and end-to-end problems. However, its slow convergence and high time complexity during online training hinder its practical use in dynamic wireless systems. To reduce the training complexity, we resort to graph reinforcement learning for leveraging two kinds of relational priors inherent in many wireless communication problems: topology information and permutation properties. To harness the two priors, we first conceive a method to convert the state matrix into a state graph,and then propose a graph deep deterministic policy gradient(DDPG) algorithm with the desired permutation property. To demonstrate how to apply the proposed methods, we consider a representative problem of using reinforcement learning, predictive power allocation, which minimizes the energy consumption while ensuring the quality-of-service of each user requesting video streaming. We derive the time complexity required by training the proposed graph DDPG algorithm and fully-connected neural network-based DDPG algorithm in each time step. Simulations show that the graph DDPG algorithm converges much faster and needs much lower time and space complexity than existing DDPG algorithms to achieve the same learning performance.

关键词： reinforcement learning graph neural network relational priors resource allocation

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PltcRB:a practical distributed randomness beacon with optimal amortized communication complexity

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Science China(information Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 269-284页

作者： Zheyi WU Haolin LIU Lei WANG school of Electronic information and electrical engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

The distributed randomness beacon(DRB) is a crucial tool for continuously generating unpredictable, bias-resistant,and publicly verifiable random numbers on a regular basis. This is particularly useful for applications such as lotteries, electronic voting, and cryptographic parameter generation. However, existing studies either require complex communication or rely on a public bulletin board to meet security requirements. This brings a performance bottleneck when dealing with a large number of participants. This paper introduces a novel DRB protocol PltcRB based on timed commitments, eliminating the need for a public bulletin board. Our approach achieves optimal communication complexity of O(n) while maintaining the desired properties of a DRB protocol. The computation complexity is also O(n) when n is larger than the security parameter κ. These results demonstrate the practicality and performance of PltcRB, supported by our experimental analysis under various configurations.

关键词： timed commitment randomness beacon random number optimal communication complexity permissionlessłinebreak setting

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Remaining Life Prediction Method for Photovoltaic Modules Based on Two-Stage Wiener Process

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Energy engineering 2025年第1期122卷 331-347页

作者： Jie Lin Hongchi Shen Tingting Pei Yan Wu school of electrical engineering and information engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China

Photovoltaic (PV) modules, as essential components of solar power generation systems, significantly influence unitpower generation *** service life of these modules directly affects these costs. Over time, the performanceof PV modules gradually declines due to internal degradation and external environmental *** cumulativedegradation impacts the overall reliability of photovoltaic power generation. This study addresses the complexdegradation process of PV modules by developing a two-stage Wiener process model. This approach accountsfor the distinct phases of degradation resulting from module aging and environmental influences. A powerdegradation model based on the two-stage Wiener process is constructed to describe individual differences inmodule degradation processes. To estimate the model parameters, a combination of the Expectation-Maximization(EM) algorithm and the Bayesian method is employed. Furthermore, the Schwarz information Criterion (SIC) isutilized to identify critical change points in PV module degradation trajectories. To validate the universality andeffectiveness of the proposed method, a comparative analysis is conducted against other established life predictiontechniques for PV modules.

关键词： Photovoltaic modules degradation stochastic processes lifetime prediction

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Synchronization Characterization of DC Microgrid Converter Output Voltage and Improved Adaptive Synchronization Control Methods

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Energy engineering 2025年第2期122卷 805-821页

作者： Wei Chen Xin Gao Zhanhong Wei Xusheng Yang Zhao Li school of electrical engineering and information engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China

This paper deeply introduces a brand-new research method for the synchronous characteristics of DC microgrid bus voltage and an improved synchronous control *** method mainly targets the problem of bus voltage oscillation caused by the bifurcation behavior of DC microgrid ***,the article elaborately establishes a mathematical model of a single distributed power source with hierarchical *** this basis,a smallworld network model that can better adapt to the topology structure of DC microgrids is further ***,a voltage synchronization analysis method based on the main stability function is proposed,and the synchronous characteristics of DC bus voltage are deeply studied by analyzing the size of the minimum non-zero *** view of the situation that the line coupling strength between distributed power sources is insufficient to achieve bus voltage synchronization,this paper innovatively proposes a new improved adaptive controller to effectively control voltage *** the convergence of the designed controller is strictly proved by using Lyapunov’s stability ***,the effectiveness and feasibility of the designed controller in this paper are fully verified through detailed simulation *** comparative analysis with the traditional adaptive controller,it is found that the newly designed controller can make the bus voltages of each distributed power source achieve synchronization more quickly,and is significantly superior to the traditional adaptive controller in terms of anti-interference performance.

关键词： DC microgrid bifurcation small-world network voltage synchronization improved adaptive control

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K-Corruption Intermittent Attacks for Violating the Codiagnosability

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 159-172页

作者： Ruotian Liu Yihui Hu Agostino Marcello Mangini Maria Pia Fanti IEEE the Department of electrical and information engineering Polytechnic University of Bari the school of Automation Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications

In this work, we address the codiagnosability analysis problem of a networked discrete event system under malicious attacks. The considered system is modeled by a labeled Petri net and is monitored by a series of sites, in which each site possesses its own set of sensors, without requiring communication among sites or to any coordinators. A net is said to be codiagnosable with respect to a fault if at least one site could deduce the occurrence of this fault within finite steps. In this context, we focus on a type of malicious attack that is called stealthy intermittent replacement attack. The stealthiness demands that the corrupted observations should be consistent with the system's normal behavior, while the intermittent replacement setting entails that the replaced transition labels must be recovered within a bounded of consecutive corrupted observations(called as K-corruption intermittent attack). Particularly, there exists a coordination between attackers that are separately effected on different sites, which holds the same corrupted observation for each common transition under attacks. From an attacker viewpoint, this work aims to design Kcorruption intermittent attacks for violating the codiagnosability of systems. For this purpose, we propose an attack automaton to analyze K-corruption intermittent attack for each site, and build a new structure called complete attack graph that is used to analyze all the potential attacked paths. Finally, an algorithm is inferred to obtain the K-corruption intermittent attacks, and examples are given to show the proposed attack strategy.

关键词： Codiagnosability decentralized structure discrete event system intermittent attack Petri net

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New results on finite-time stability and instability theorems for stochastic nonlinear time-varying systems

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Science China(information Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 186-199页

作者： Weihai ZHANG Liqiang YAO College of electrical engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and Technology school of Mathematics and information Science Yantai University

This paper studies finite-time stability and instability theorems in the probability sense for stochastic nonlinear timevarying systems. Firstly, a new sufficient condition is proposed to guarantee that the considered system has a global ***, we propose new finite-time stability and instability criteria that relax the constraints on LV(the infinitesimal operator of Lyapunov function V) by the uniformly asymptotically stable function. On the one hand, these obtained results make up for the shortcomings of the existing results. On the other hand, the new finite-time stability theorems can be viewed as natural extensions of the existing results and also allow LV to be indefinite(negative or positive) rather than just only allow LV < ***, some simulation examples verify the validity of the theoretical results.

关键词： stochastic nonlinear systems finite-time stability finite-timeinstability uniformly asymptotically stable function

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An enhanced equivalent input disturbance approach to current control of PMSM with periodic and aperiodic disturbances

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Science China(information Sciences) 2025年第03期68卷 272-285页

作者： Tao YANG Youwu DU Bo LI Weihua CAO Chuanke ZHANG Jinhua SHE school of electrical & information Jiangsu University of Technology school of Automation China University of Geosciences school of engineering Tokyo University of Technology

The current-loop control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) system suffers from periodic and aperiodic disturbances, which result in current ripples and degrade control performance. This paper presents an enhanced equivalent-input-disturbance(EID) approach to reject periodic and aperiodic disturbances in the current loop of a *** additional quasi-resonant compensators(QRCs) are integrated into a conventional EID estimator with a low-pass filter(LPF) to handle the disturbances. The configuration of an enhanced EID(EEID)-based control system for PMSM current loop is explained. An analysis in the frequency domain shows the mechanism of the presented method for rejecting periodic and aperiodic disturbances simultaneously. It reveals that the sensitivity reduction of the system for aperiodic disturbances is mainly determined by the bandwidth of the LPF and that for periodic disturbances is determined by the parameters of the *** stability of the system is analyzed using the Nyquist stability criterion. The design algorithm for system parameters is provided. Compared to the conventional EID approach, the proposed method provides an additional degree of freedom to deal with periodic disturbances. The design of the QRCs is independent of each other, which makes the proposed method flexible and easy to implement. The effectiveness and the superiority of the EEID approach are validated by simulation results of a PMSM system.

关键词： equivalent input disturbance (EID) disturbance rejection permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) periodic and aperiodic disturbances quasi-resonant compensator

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Electrocardiogram Signal Denoising Using Optimized Adaptive Hybrid Filter with Empirical Wavelet Transform

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2025年第1期30卷 66-80页

作者： BALASUBRAMANIAN S NARUKA Mahaveer Singh TTEWARI Gaurau Department of electronics and Communication engineering Maharishi University of Information TechnologyMaharishi Vidya MandirLucknow226013India Department of electronics and Communication engineering IEC College of Engineering and TechnologyGreater Noida201310India Department of electrical Communication engineering School of Information and Communication TechnologyGautam Buddha UniversityGreater Noida201310India

Cardiovascular diseases are the world’s leading cause of death;therefore cardiac health of the human heart has been a fascinating topic for *** electrocardiogram(ECG)signal is a comprehensive non-invasive method for determining cardiac *** health practitioners use the ECG signal to ascertain critical information about the human *** this article,swarm intelligence approaches are used in the biomedical signal processing sector to enhance adaptive hybrid filters and empirical wavelet transforms(EWTs).At first,the white Gaussian noise is added to the input ECG signal and then applied to the *** ECG signals are denoised by the proposed adaptive hybrid *** honey badge optimization(HBO)algorithm is utilized to optimize the EWT window function and adaptive hybrid filter weight *** proposed approach is simulated by MATLAB 2018a using the MIT-BIH dataset with white Gaussian,electromyogram and electrode motion artifact noises.A comparison of the HBO approach with recursive least square-based adaptive filter,multichannel least means square,and discrete wavelet transform methods has been done in order to show the efficiency of the proposed adaptive hybrid *** experimental results show that the HBO approach supported by EWT and adaptive hybrid filter can be employed efficiently for cardiovascular signal denoising.

关键词： electrocardiogram(ECG)signal denoising empirical wavelet transform(EWT) honey badge optimization(HBO) adaptive hybrid filter window function

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Enhanced Acceleration for Generalized Nonconvex Low-Rank Matrix Learning

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Chinese Journal of electronics 2025年第1期34卷 98-113页

作者： Hengmin Zhang Jian Yang Wenli Du Bob Zhang Zhiyuan Zha Bihan Wen school of electrical and Electronic engineering Nanyang Technological University school of Computer Science and engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology school of information Science and engineering East China University of Science and Technology Department of electrical and Computer engineering University of Macau

Matrix minimization techniques that employ the nuclear norm have gained recognition for their applicability in tasks like image inpainting, clustering, classification, and reconstruction. However, they come with inherent biases and computational burdens, especially when used to relax the rank function, making them less effective and efficient in real-world scenarios. To address these challenges, our research focuses on generalized nonconvex rank regularization problems in robust matrix completion, low-rank representation, and robust matrix regression. We introduce innovative approaches for effective and efficient low-rank matrix learning, grounded in generalized nonconvex rank relaxations inspired by various substitutes for the ?0-norm relaxed functions. These relaxations allow us to more accurately capture low-rank structures. Our optimization strategy employs a nonconvex and multi-variable alternating direction method of multipliers, backed by rigorous theoretical analysis for complexity and *** algorithm iteratively updates blocks of variables, ensuring efficient convergence. Additionally, we incorporate the randomized singular value decomposition technique and/or other acceleration strategies to enhance the computational efficiency of our approach, particularly for large-scale constrained minimization problems. In conclusion, our experimental results across a variety of image vision-related application tasks unequivocally demonstrate the superiority of our proposed methodologies in terms of both efficacy and efficiency when compared to most other related learning methods.

关键词： Learning systems Image recognition Minimization Computational efficiency Complexity theory Matrix decomposition Optimization Image reconstruction Singular value decomposition Convergence

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