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Properties and mechanism of red mud in preparation of ultra-lightweight sludge-red mud ceramics

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Journal of Central South University 2012年第1期19卷 231-237页

作者： LU Da-wei QI Yuan-feng YUE Qin-yan XI Fei GAO Bao-yu Shandong Key Laboratory of water Pollution Control and resource Reuse School of Environment Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJi’nan 250100China

New ultra-lightweight sludge-red mud ceramics(ULS-RMC) were prepared by red mud(RM),clay and dried sewage sludge(DSS).The properties and mechanism of RM in the preparation of ULS-RMC were *** chemical components,thermal properties and mineral phases of RM were determined by energy dispersive X-ray(EDX),differential scanning calorimetry/thermal gravimetric analysis(DSC/TGA) and X-ray diffraction(XRD),*** dosage of DSS to clay and different amounts of RM were utilized in the preparation of *** properties test(bulk density,grain density,water absorption and expansion ratio),XRD and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) were employed to characterize the *** results show that RM exhibits high hydroscopic property and good water-retention property,and bloating property and fluxing property of RM are caused by abound of gaseous components and flux,*** two chemical properties are utilized to discuss the mineral phases and microstructures differences between ULSC and ULS-RMC.

关键词： ultra-lightweight ceramic red mud sludge bloating mechanism

The Fabrication of Bio-ceramsite for the Removal of Heavy Metals and Its Toxicity to Bacteria

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2015年第3期30卷 649-654页

作者：石岩 SUN Ken 齐学斌 GAO Qing Farmland Irrigation Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences school of environmental and Municipal Engineering North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power school of water resource & environment China University of Geosciences

Bio-ceramsite technology is one of the most effective technologies in the pretreatment of drinking water. In this work, bio-ceramsite was fabricated by Citrobacterfreundii （C. freundii） immobilization on the ceramsite. The findings of the current study suggest that the bio-ceramites showed biosorption abilities for Cd（II） and Pb（II） and the removal efficiency for Pb（II） is lower than Cd（II）. The adsorption mechanism can be attributed to electrostatic attraction and covalent bond. The morphology of the cells changed after the adsorption of Cd（II） and Pb（II） due to the dissociation of the assembly of peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide. The fluorescence polarization has shown a significant decrease in membrane fluidity and an increase of permeability of cell membrane. The spectral profile of C. freundii suggests the alteration of carbonyl, amide and phosphonic groups on the cell membrane.

关键词： immobilization biosorption bio-ceramsite dissociation cell membrane

Variations regularity of microorganisms and corrosion of cast iron in water distribution system

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2018年第12期30卷 177-185页

作者： Wei Qiu Weiyu Li Junguo He Hongyu Zhao Xiuming Liu Yixing Yuan State Key Laboratory of Urban water resource and environment School of Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences school of Architecture and Planning Jilin Jianzhu University school of Foreign Languages Harbin University of Science and Technology

Corrosion, one of the most common problems of metal pipe for water supply, generally leads to poor water quality, bacteria proliferation, water capacity decrease and other problems. As microorganisms affect corrosion by changing the characteristics of metal surface, the mechanism of microbial corrosion still remains unclear. The corrosion behavior of ductile cast iron is implemented in the dynamic flow and static conditions, in which variations of water quality and microbial community are analyzed in details. The results show that if the corrosion rate of ductile cast iron decreases, the corrosion of cast iron will result in a lower DO and a higher total iron in bulk water. The number of microorganisms is not a decisive factor of corrosion, even though the counts of bacteria had a close relationship with DO. On the basis of the detection of the 10 kinds of nitratereducing bacteria by Miseq sequencing, NRB of the biofilm biomass accounts for 18.3% on the 30 th day and 20.5% on the 55 th day. Even though aerobic NRBs go into the biofilm later than the facultative anaerobic NRBs, the growth of the anaerobic NRBs is not affected.

关键词： water distribution system Ductile cast iron pipe Miseq sequencing

On the effect of Fe(Ⅲ) on proliferation of Microcystis aeruginosa at high nitrate and low chlorophyll condition

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2017年第2期29卷 105-110页

作者： Rong Chen Zhen Lei Jiayuan Ji Xiaochang Wang Yu-You Li Yuan Yang Lu Zhang Tao Xue Key Lab of Northwest water resource Environment and Ecology MOE Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Department of Civil and environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University

The impact of Fe concentrations on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa in aquatic systems under high nitrate and low chlorophyll conditions was studied. The responses of cell density,total and cell chlorophyll-a intracellular Fe content and organic elemental composition of *** to different concentration gradients of Fe（Ⅲ） in the solutions were analysed. The results showed that the proliferation speeds of M. aeruginosa were：（1） decelerated when the Fe（Ⅲ） concentration was lower than 50 μg/L in the solutions,（2） promoted and positively related to the increase of Fe（Ⅲ） concentration from 100 to 500 μg/L in the solutions over the experimental period, and（3） promoted in the early stage but decelerated in later stages by excess adsorption of Fe by cells when the Fe（Ⅲ） concentration was higher than 500 μg/L in the solutions. The maximum cell density, total and cell chlorophyll-a were all observed at 500 μg Fe（Ⅲ）/L concentration. The organic elemental composition of M. aeruginosa was also affected by the concentration of Fe（Ⅲ） in the solutions, and the molecular formula of M. aeruginosa should be expressed as C7–7.5H14O0.8–1.3N3.5–5according to the functions for different Fe（Ⅲ）concentrations. Cell carbon and oxygen content appeared to increase slightly, while cell nitrogen content appeared to decrease as Fe（Ⅲ） concentrations increased from 100 to 500 μg/L in the solutions. This was attributed to the competition of photosynthesis and nitrogen adsorption under varying cell Fe content.

关键词： High nitrate Low chlorophyll Fe Microcystis aeruginosa Cell chlorophyll a Organic element composition

Fast self-assembled microfibrillated cellulose@MXene film with high-performance energy storage and superior mechanical strength

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第11期32卷 3575-3578页

作者： Zhirong Zhang Zhongping Yao Zhaohua Jiang school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

The trade-off between the electrochemical performance and mechanical strength is still a challenge for Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)free-standing ***,a facile approach was proposed to fabricate a Microfibrillated cellulose@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)(MFC@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x))self-assembled microgel film by means of hydrogen bonding *** from the rich hydroxyl groups on the MFC,the Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)nanosheets coated on the MFC in a time scale of minutes(within 1 min)instead of *** ultralong 1D frame of MFC effectively mitigated the re-aggregation of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)*** fluffy MFC@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)film structure and the constructed 1D/2D conducting Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)pathways in horizontal and vertical directions endowed the fast ion transport of the electrolytes and the improved accessibility to the Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)*** a result,the freestanding MFC@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)microgel film delivered a high specific capacitance of 451F/*** the rate performance was increased to 71%from the 64%of that of pristine Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)***,the tensile strength of MFC@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)film was also promoted to 46.3 MPa,3 folds of that of the pristine Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)film,due to the high strength of MFC and the hydrogen bonding effect.

关键词： MXene Microfibrillated cellulose Supercapacitor Self-assemble Microgel

Hybrid constructed wetlands for highly polluted river water treatment and comparison of surface-and subsurface-flow cells

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2014年第4期26卷 749-756页

作者： Yucong Zheng Xiaochang Wang Jiaqing Xiong Yongjun Liu Yaqian Zhao Key Laboratory of Northwest water resource Environment and Ecology Ministry of Education Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology school of Civil Structural and Environmental Engineering University College Dublin

A series of large pilot constructed wetland （CW） systems were constructed near the confluence of an urban stream to a larger fiver in Xi＇an, a northwestern megacity in China, for treating polluted stream water before it entered the receiving water body. Each CW system is a combination of surface- and subsurface-flow cells with local gravel, sand or slag as substrates and Phragmites australis and Typha orientalis as plants. During a one-year operation with an average surface loading of 0.053 m3/（***）, the overall COD, BOD, NH3-N, total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） removals were 72.7% ~ 4.5%, 93.4% ＋ 2.1%, 54.0% ＋ 6.3%, 53.9% ~ 6.0% and 69.4% ：t： 4.6%, respectively, which brought about an effective improvement of the fiver water quality. Surface-flow cells showed better NH3-N removal than their TN removal while subsurface-flow cells showed better TN removal than their NH3-N removal. Using local slag as the substrate, the organic and phosphorus removal could be much improved. Seasonal variation was also found in the removal of all the pollutants and autumn seemed to be the best season for pollutant removal due to the moderate water temperature and well grown plants in the CWs.

关键词： constructed wetland surface-flow subsurface-flow polluted river water treatment

Immunotoxicity of bisphenol A to Carassius auratus lymphocytes and macrophages following in vitro exposure

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2007年第2期19卷 232-237页

作者： YIN Da-qiang HU Shuang-qing GU Ying WEI Li LIU Shu-shen ZHANG Ai-qian State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanfing University Nanjing 210093 China Key laboratory of Yangtze River water environment Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

Bisphenol A （BPA） is the monomer component of polycarbonate plastics and classified as an endocrine disrupting chemical （EDC）. The reproductive toxicity of BPA has been extensively studied in mammals; however, relatively little information is available on the immunotoxic responses of fish to BPA. In this study, we investigated the effects of BPA on the immune functions of lymphocytes and macrophages in Carassius auratus. The effects of BPA were compared with those of two natural steroid hormones, estradiol and hydrocortisone. Proliferation of the two types of cells in response to PHA was measured using colorimetric MTT assay. Macrophage respiratory burst stimulated by Con A was measured using chemiluminescence assay. Results showed that BPA （0.054-5.4 mg/L）, estradiol （0.0002-2.0 mg/L） and hydrocortisone （5-50 mg/L） significantly induced Carassius auratus lymphocyte proliferation while higher doses of hydrocortisone （500-5000 mg/L） appeared to be inhibitory. BPA （0.005-50 mg/L）, estradiol （0.005-800 mg/L） and hydrocortisone （0.005-500 mg/L） markedly enhanced macrophage proliferation, whereas higher doses of BPA （500-1000 mg/L） appeared to inhibit cell proliferation. Furthermore, higher dosage of BPA （50 mg/L） and hydrocortisone （50 and 500 mg/L） suppressed the macrophages respiratory burst while estradiol is stimulative all the doses tested （0.05-500 mg/L）. In conclusion, BPA could have immunotoxicity to Carassius auratus and functional changes of lymphocyte and macrophage in Carassius auratus may be different between low and high dosages.

关键词： bisphenol A immunotoxicology lymphocyte macrophage Carassius auratus

A syntrophic propionate-oxidizing microflora and its bioaugmentation on anaerobic wastewater treatment for enhancing methane production and COD removal

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第4期10卷 147-155页

作者： Chong Liu Jianzheng Li Shuo Wang Loring Nies State Key Laboratory of Urban water resource and environment Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China school of environment and Civil Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China school of Civil Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN 47907 USA

Methane fermentation process can be restricted and even destroyed by the accumulation of propionate because it is the most difficult to be anaerobically oxidized among the volatile fatty acids produced by acetogenesis. To enhance anaerobic wastewater treatment process for methane production and COD removal, a syntrophic propionate-oxidizing microflora B83 was obtained from an anaerobic activated sludge by enrichment with propionate. The inoculation of microflora B83, with a 1：9 ratio of bacteria number to that of the activated sludge, could enhance the methane production from glucose by 2.5 times. With the same inoculation dosage of the microflora B83, COD removal in organic wastewater treatment process was improved from 75.6% to 86.6%, while the specific methane production by COD removal was increased by 2.7 times. Hydrogen-producing acetogene_*** to be a rate-limiting step in methane termentation, and the enhancement orhydrogen-producing acetogens in the anaerobic wastewater treatment process had improved not only the hydrogen-producing acetogenesis but also the acidogenesis and methanogenesis.

关键词： Anaerobic wastewater treatment Methane production Hydrogen-producing acetogenesis Methanogenesis Rate-limiting step Bioaugmentation

Climatological analysis of the seeing at Fuxian Solar Observatory

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第1期19卷 149-156页

作者： Li-Hui Chen Zhong Liu Dong Chen school of resource environment and earth Science Yunnan University school of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences

There is a significant seasonal variation in the seeing of Fuxian Solar Observatory(FSO). The seeing in summer and autumn is better than that in winter and spring. The overall seeing is divided into the boundary layer seeing and free atmosphere seeing to investigate the climatic phenomena or meteorological events that might lead to seasonal variation in the seeing. The overall seeing was measured by the solar difference image motion monitor(SDIMM). The boundary layer seeing is calculated from the temperature difference between air and water. The analysis results show that the seasonal variation in seeing is caused by the alternation of subtropical high and westerly jet. The decrease of seeing in winter and spring at FSO is probably related to the westerly jet. A complete analysis of the seeing at FSO is given in this paper. It is also the first time to describe FSO's boundary layer seeing and its measurement method.

关键词： observational high angular resolution turbulence site testing