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Two-year longitudinal change in choroidal and retinal thickness in school-aged myopic children:exploratory analysis of clinical trials for myopia progression

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Eye and Vision 2024年第4期10卷 1-10页

作者： Meiping Xu Xinping Yu Minghui Wan Kemi Feng Junxiao Zhang Meixiao Shen BjÖrn Drobe Hao Chen Jia Qu Jinhua Bao Eye Hospital and school of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina National clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases WenzhouZhejiangChina. WEiRC WMU-Essilor International Research CenterWenzhouZhejiangChina R&D Vision Sciences AMERA EssilorInternationalSingaporeSingapore

Background:With increasing axial length(AL)and myopia progression,the micro-structure of the retina and choroid gradually *** study describes the longitudinal changes in retinal and choroidal thickness in school-aged children with myopia and explores the relationship between changes in choroidal thickness and myopia ***:An exploratory analysis of a randomized trial was ***(n=168,aged 7 to 12 years)with myopia from-0.75 diopter(D)to-4.00 D were enrolled in this prospective longitudinal *** refraction,AL,retinal and choroidal thicknesses were measured at baseline and at 1-and 2-year follow-ups."Rapid progression myopia"was defined as increasing in myopia>1.00 D and'"stable progression myopia"was≤1.00 D during the 2-year *** affecting the changes in choroidal thickness were analysed using linear mixed ***:AL significantly increased by 0.67±0.24 mm with a myopic shift of-1.50±0.64 D over the 2 *** overall retinal thickness increased from 251.12±15.91μm at baseline to 253.47±15.74μm at the 2-year followup(F=23.785,P<0.001).The subfoveal choroidal thickness decreased from 231.03±54.04μm at baseline to 206.53±59.71μm at the 2-year follow-up(F=73.358,P<0.001).Choroidal thinning was significantly associated with AL elongation(β=-43.579μm/mm,P=0.002)and sex(β=-17.258,P=0.001).Choroidal thickness continued to decrease in subjects with rapid progression(F=92.06,P<0.001)but not in those with steady progression(F=2.23,P=0.119).Conclusion:Significant choroidal thinning was observed and was associated with rapid progression and *** findings indicate a need to understand the role of the choroid in eye growth and myopia ***/Precis:The macular choroidal thickness of myopic children is relevant to different degrees of myopic progression in this 2-year longitudinal *** findings suggest that control of choroidal thickness might work to regulate human ocular growth.

关键词： Axial length Choroidal thickness Children Myopia Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

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Therapeutic Role of Chinese Medicine Targeting Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第10期30卷 949-960页

作者： LIU Chang-xing GUO Xin-yi ZHOU Ya-bin WANG He First clinical Medical school Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine clinical Medical school Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine

Acute myocardial infarction(AMI), characterized by high incidence and mortality rates, poses a significant public health threat. Reperfusion therapy, though the preferred treatment for AMI, often exacerbates cardiac damage, leading to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury(MI/RI). Consequently, the development of strategies to reduce MI/RI is an urgent priority in cardiovascular therapy. Chinese medicine, recognized for its multi-component, multi-pathway, and multi-target capabilities, provides a novel approach for alleviating MI/RI. A key area of interest is the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) pathway. This pathway is instrumental in regulating inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and ferroptosis in MI/RI. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway's structure and its influence on MI/RI. Additionally, it reviews the latest research on leveraging Chinese medicine to modulate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in MI/RI treatment.

关键词： Chinese medicine mechanisms myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway

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Icariin attenuates vascular endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting inflammation through GPER/Sirt1/HMGB1 signaling pathway in type 1 diabetic rats

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第4期22卷 293-306页

作者： YAO Wenhui TAO Rongpin WANG Kai DING Xuansheng school of Basic Medicine and clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China

Icariin, a flavonoid glycoside, is extracted from Epimedium. This study aimed to investigate the vascular protective effects of icariin in type 1 diabetic rats by inhibiting high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)-related inflammation and exploring its potential mechanisms. The impact of icariin on vascular dysfunction was assessed in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats through vascular reactivity studies. Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays were performed to measure the expressions of target proteins. The release of HMGB1 and pro-inflammation cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results revealed that icariin administration enhanced acetylcholine-induced vasodilation in the aortas of diabetic rats. It also notably reduced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in diabetic rats and high glucose (HG)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The results also unveiled that the pro-inflammatory cytokines in the culture medium of HUVECs could be increased by rHMGB1. The increased release of HMGB1 and upregulated expressions of HMGB1-related inflammatory factors, including advanced glycation end products (RAGE), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) in diabetic rats and HG-induced HUVECs, were remarkably suppressed by icariin. Notably, HMGB1 translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in HUVECs under HG was inhibited by icariin. Meanwhile, icariin could activate G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) and sirt1. To explore the role of GPER and Sirt1 in the inhibitory effect of icariin on HMGB1 release and HMGB-induced inflammation, GPER inhibitor and Sirt1 inhibitor were used in this study. These inhibitors diminished the effects of icariin on HMGB1 release and HMGB1-induced inflammation. Specifically, the GPER inhibitor also negated the activation of Sirt1 by icariin. These findings suggest t

关键词： Icariin Diabetes Inflammation Vascular endothelial dysfunction GPER HMGB1

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clinical applications of metagenomics next-generation sequencing in infectious diseases

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第6期25卷 471-484页

作者： Ying LIU Yongjun MA Department of clinical Laboratory Affiliated Jinhua HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineJinhua 321000China

Infectious diseases are a great threat to human *** and accurate detection of pathogens is important in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious *** next-generation sequencing(mNGS)is an unbiased and comprehensive approach for detecting all RNA and DNA in a *** the development of sequencing and bioinformatics technologies,mNGS is moving from research to clinical application,which opens a new avenue for pathogen *** studies have revealed good potential for the clinical application of mNGS in infectious diseases,especially in difficult-to-detect,rare,and novel ***,there are several hurdles in the clinical application of mNGS,such as:(1)lack of universal workflow validation and quality assurance;(2)insensitivity to high-host background and low-biomass samples;and(3)lack of standardized instructions for mass data analysis and report ***,a complete understanding of this new technology will help promote the clinical application of mNGS to infectious *** review briefly introduces the history of next-generation sequencing,mainstream sequencing platforms,and mNGS workflow,and discusses the clinical applications of mNGS to infectious diseases and its advantages and disadvantages.

关键词： Metagenomics next-generation sequencing(mNGS) Infectious disease Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) Oxford Nanopore Technologies(ONT) Microbiome

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Divergent defluorocarboxylation of α-CF_(3) alkenes with formate via photocatalyzed selective mono-or triple C-F bond cleavage

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 368-373页

作者： Xing-Yu Wang Pei Xu Wen-Wen Liu Hao-Qiang Jiang Song-Lei Zhu Dong Guo Xu Zhu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and clinical Pharmacy School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 22100China

Unprecedented divergent synthesis of gem-difluorovinylacetic acid and glutaric acid derivatives fromα-CF_(3)alkenes with formate as the carbonyl source was *** reaction can undergo selective mono-or triple C-F bond cleavage by simply switching the photocatalyst and hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)catalyst under visible-light-induced conditions at room *** acts as both the C1 source and the reductant through the generation of CO_(2)^(·-)species,which underwent Giese radical addition to electron-deficient alkenes to trigger the consecutive C-F bond cleavage and carboxylation process.

关键词： C-F bond activation defluorocarboxylation carbon dioxide radical anion visible light

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Intrahepatic portal venous systems in adult patients with cavernous transformation of portal vein: Imaging features and a new classification

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 481-486页

作者： Xin Huang Qian Lu Yue-Wei Zhang Lin Zhang Zhi-Zhong Ren Xiao-Wei Yang Ying Liu Rui Tang Hepatopancreatobiliary Center Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalSchool of Clinical MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218China

Background: Cavernous transformation of the portal vein(CTPV) due to portal vein obstruction is a rare vascular anomaly defined as the formation of multiple collateral vessels in the hepatic hilum. This study aimed to investigate the imaging features of intrahepatic portal vein in adult patients with CTPV and establish the relationship between the manifestations of intrahepatic portal vein and the progression of CTPV. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 14 CTPV patients in Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital. All patients underwent both direct portal venography(DPV) and computed tomography angiography(CTA) to reveal the manifestations of the portal venous system. The vessels measured included the left portal vein(LPV), right portal vein(RPV), main portal vein(MPV) and the portal vein bifurcation(PVB). Results: Nine males and 5 females, with a median age of 40.5 years, were included in the study. No significant difference was found in the diameters of the LPV or RPV measured by DPV and CTA. The visualization in terms of LPV, RPV and PVB measured by DPV was higher than that by CTA. There was a significant association between LPV/RPV and PVB/MPV in term of visibility revealed with DPV( P = 0.01), while this association was not observed with CTA. According to the imaging features of the portal vein measured by DPV, CTPV was classified into three categories to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment. Conclusions: DPV was more accurate than CTA for revealing the course of the intrahepatic portal vein in patients with CTPV. The classification of CTPV, that originated from the imaging features of the portal vein revealed by DPV, may provide a new perspective for the diagnosis and treatment of CTPV.

关键词： Cavernous transformation of the portal vein Classification Direct portal venography Intrahepatic portal venous system

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Synergistic chemotherapy/PTT/oxygen enrichment by multifunctional liposomal polydopamine nanoparticles for rheumatoid arthritis treatment

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第1期19卷 86-102页

作者： Xiaoling Fu Yutong Song Xianquan Feng Zhihong Liu Wenhao Gao Hongtao Song Qian Zhang school of Pharmacy Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350108China Fuzong clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350025China First school of clinical medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

Amultifunctional liposomal polydopamine nanoparticle(MPM@Lipo)was designed in this study,to combine chemotherapy,photothermal therapy(PTT)and oxygen enrichment to clear hyperproliferating inflammatory cells and improve the hypoxic microenvironment for rheumatoid arthritis(RA)***@Lipo significantly scavenged intracellular reactive oxygen species and relieved joint hypoxia,thus contributing to the repolarization of M1 macrophages into M2 ***,MPM@Lipo could accumulate at inflammatory joints,inhibit the production of inflammatory factors,and protect cartilage in vivo,effectively alleviating RA progression in a rat adjuvant-induced arthritis ***,upon laser irradiation,MPM@Lipo can elevate the temperature to not only significantly obliterate excessively proliferating inflammatory cells but also accelerate the production of methotrexate and oxygen,resulting in excellent RA treatment ***,the use of synergistic chemotherapy/PTT/oxygen enrichment therapy to treat RA is a powerful potential strategy.

关键词： Polydopamine Thermosensitive liposomes Photothermal therapy Oxygen generation Rheumatoid arthritis

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Mesenteric adipose tissue B lymphocytes promote intestinal injury in severe acute pancreatitis by mediating enteric pyroptosis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 300-309页

作者： Qing Huang Jia-Wen Liu Hai-Bin Dong Zheng-Jie Wei Jin-Zhe Liu Yu-Tang Ren Xuan Jiang Bo Jiang Department of Gastroenterology Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalSchool of Clinical MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218China

Background:Visceral adipose tissue(VAT)has been linked to the severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)prognosis,although the underlying mechanism remains *** has been reported that pyroptosis worsens *** present study aimed to verify whether mesenteric adipose tissue(MAT,a component of VAT)can cause secondary intestinal injury through the pyroptotic ***:Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were divided into six different *** rats were randomly divided into the SAP and control *** monitored the changes of MAT and B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT of SAP *** SAP rats were injected with MAT B lymphocytes or phosphate buffer solution(PBS).The remaining twelve SAP rats were first injected with MAT B lymphocytes,and then with MCC950(NLRP3 inhibitor)or *** collected blood and tissue samples from pancreas,gut and MAT for ***:Compared to the control rats,the SAP group showed inflammation in MAT,including higher expression of tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6),lower expression of IL-10,and histological *** cytometry analysis revealed B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT but not T lymphocytes and *** SAP rats also exhibited intestinal injury,characterized by lower expression of zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and occludin,higher levels of lipopolysaccharide and diamine oxidase,and pathological *** expression of NLRP3 and n-GSDMD,which are responsible for pyroptosis,was increased in the intestine of SAP *** injection of MAT B lymphocytes into SAP rats exacerbated the inflammation in *** upregulation of pyroptosis reduced tight junction in the intestine,which contributed to the SAP progression,including higher inflammatory indicators and worse histological *** administration of MCC950 to SAP+MAT B rats downregulated pyroptosis,which subsequently improved the intestinal barrier and ameliorated inflammatory response of ***:In SAP,MAT B lymphocytes aggravated local

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Mesenteric adipose tissue B lymphocyte Intestinal barrier Pyroptosis

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Staging liver fibrosis with various diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging models

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1164-1176页

作者： Yan-Li Jiang Juan Li Peng-Fei Zhang Feng-Xian Fan Jie Zou Pin Yang Peng-Fei Wang Shao-Yu Wang Jing Zhang Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging The Second Hospital&Clinical Medical SchoolLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730030Gansu ProvinceChina Second clinical school Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730030Gansu ProvinceChina Gansu Province clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging The Second Hospital&Clinical Medical SchoolLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730030Gansu ProvinceChina Department of Hepatology The Second Hospital&Clinical Medical SchoolLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730030Gansu ProvinceChina MR Scientific Marketing Siemens HealthineersXi’an 710065Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)has been developed to stage liver ***,its diagnostic performance is inconsistent among ***,it is worth studying the diagnostic value of various diffusion models for liver fibrosis in one *** To evaluate the clinical potential of six diffusion-weighted models in liver fibrosis staging and compare their diagnostic *** This prospective study enrolled 59 patients suspected of liver disease and scheduled for liver biopsy and 17 healthy *** participants underwent multi-b value *** main DWI-derived parameters included Mono-apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)from mono-exponential DWI,intravoxel incoherent motion model-derived true diffusion coefficient(IVIM-D),diffusion kurtosis imaging-derived apparent diffusivity(DKI-MD),stretched exponential model-derived distributed diffusion coefficient(SEM-DDC),fractional order calculus(FROC)model-derived diffusion coefficient(FROC-D)and FROC model-derived microstructural quantity(FROC-μ),and continuous-time random-walk(CTRW)model-derived anomalous diffusion coefficient(CTRW-D)and CTRW model-derived temporal diffusion heterogeneity index(CTRW-α).The correlations between DWI-derived parameters and fibrosis stages and the parameters’diagnostic efficacy in detecting significant fibrosis(SF)were assessed and *** CTRW-D(r=-0.356),CTRW-α(r=-0.297),DKI-MD(r=-0.297),FROC-D(r=-0.350),FROC-μ(r=-0.321),IVIM-D(r=-0.251),Mono-ADC(r=-0.362),and SEM-DDC(r=-0.263)were significantly correlated with fibrosis *** areas under the ROC curves(AUCs)of the combined index of the six models for distinguishing SF(0.697-0.747)were higher than each of the parameters alone(0.524-0.719).The DWI models’ability to detect SF was *** combined index of CTRW model parameters had the highest AUC(0.747).CONCLUSION The DWI models were similarly valuable in distinguishing SF in patients with liver *** combined index of CTRW paramet

关键词： Liver fibrosis Magnetic resonance imaging Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance Liver biopsy Significant fibrosis

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Eubacterium coprostanoligenes alleviates chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by enhancing intestinal mucus barrier

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1677-1692页

作者： Dongsheng Bai Jiawei Zhao Runde Wang Jiaying Du Chen Zhou Chunyang Gu Yuxiang Wang Lulu Zhang Yue Zhao Na Lu State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and InterventionDepartment of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine and Clinical PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China Department of clinical Pharmacology School of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

Chemotherapy-induced mucositis represents a severe adverse outcome of cancer treatment,significantly curtailing the efficacy of these treatments and,in some cases,resulting in fatal *** identifying intestinal epithelial cell damage as a key factor in chemotherapy-induced mucositis,the paucity of effective treatments for such damage is *** our study,we discovered that Eubacterium coprostanoligenes promotes mucin secretion by goblet cells,thereby fortifying the integrity of the intestinal mucus *** enhanced barrier function serves to resist microbial invasion and sub-sequently reduces the inflammatory ***,this effect remains unobtrusive to the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapy ***,*** up-regulates the expression of AUF1,leading to the stabilization of Muc2 mRNA and an increase in mucin synthesis in goblet *** espe-cially significant finding is that *** activates the AhR pathway,thereby promoting the expression of *** summary,our results strongly indicate that *** enhances the intestinal mucus barrier,effec-tively alleviating chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by activating the AhR/AUFl pathway,consequently enhancing Muc2 mRNA stability.

关键词： Chemotherapy Mucositis Eubacterium coprostanoligenes MUC2 AUF1

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