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Effect of lysozyme combined with hydrothermal pretreatment on excess sludge and anaerobic digestion

Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 36-49页

作者： Xiuqin Cao Songyue Li Chaolei Liu school of environment and Energy engineering Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 100044China Key Laboratory of Urban Storm water System and Water environment(Ministry of Education) Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 100044China

Anaerobic digestion(AD)is widely employed for sludge stabilization and waste ***,the slow hydrolysis process hinders methane production and leads to prolonged sludge *** this study,an efficient and eco-friendly lysozyme pre-treatment method was utilized to address these *** optimizing lysozyme dosage,hydrolysis and cell lysis were ***,lysozyme combined with hydrothermal pretreatment enhanced overall *** indicate that:(1)When lysozyme dosage reached 90 mg/g TS after 240 min of pretreatment,SCOD,soluble polysaccharides,and protein content reached their maxima at 855.00,44.09,and 204.86 mg/L,*** represented an increase of 85.87%,365.58%,and 259.21%compared to the untreated *** fluorescence spectroscopy revealed the highest fluorescence intensity in the IV region(soluble microbial product),promoting microbial metabolic activity.(2)Lysozyme combined with hydrothermal pretreatment significantly increased SCOD,soluble proteins,and polysaccharide release from sludge,reducing SCOD release *** experiments identified Group 3 as the most effective for SCOD and soluble polysaccharide release,while Group 9 released the most soluble *** significance order of factors influencing SCOD,soluble proteins,and polysaccharide release is hydrothermal temperature>hydrothermal time>enzymatic digestion time.(3)The lysozyme-assisted hydrothermal pretreatment group exhibited the fastest release and the highest SCOD concentration of 8,135.00 mg/L during anaerobic *** SCOD consumption and cumulative gas production increased by 95.89%and 130.58%,respectively,compared to the control group,allowing gas production to conclude 3 days earlier.

关键词： Excess sludge Lysozyme Hydrothermal pre-treatment Anaerobic digestion Gas production

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Facile construction of heterogeneous dual-ionic poly(ionic liquid)s for efficient and mild conversion of CO_(2)into cyclic carbonates

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 177-187页

作者： Guanqun Xie Jiaxiang Qiu Huadeng Li Hongbin Luo Shuo Li Yanbin Zeng Ke Zheng Xiaoxia Wang school of environment and civil engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China school of Materials Science and engineering Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Key Material for High Performance Copper Clad LaminateDongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China

In the context of peaking carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality,development of feasible methods for converting CO_(2)into high value-added chemicals stands out as a hot *** this study,P[D+COO^(−)][Br^(−)][DBUH^(+)],a series of novel heterogeneous dual-ionic poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)were synthesized readily from 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate(DMAEMA),bromo-substituted aliphatic acids,organic bases and divinylbenzene(DVB).The structures,compositions and morphologies were characterized or determined by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA),infrared spectroscopy(IR),scanning electron microscopes(SEM),and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis(BET),*** of the P[D+COO^(−)][Br^(−)][DBUH^(+)]series as catalysts in converting CO_(2)into cyclic carbonates showed that P[D+COO^(−)][Br^(−)][DBUH^(+)]-2/1/0.6was able to catalyze epiclorohydrin-CO_(2)cycloaddition the most *** afforded chloropropylene carbonate(CPC)in 98.4%yield with≥99%selectivity in 24 hr under solvent-and additive-free conditions at atmospheric *** experiments showed that recycling of the catalyst 6 times only resulted in a slight decline in the catalytic *** addition,it could be used for the synthesis of a variety of differently substituted cyclic carbonates in good to excellent ***,key catalytic active sites were probed,and a reasonable mechanism was proposed *** summary,this work poses an efficient strategy for heterogenization of dual-ionic PILs and provides amild and environmentally benign approach to the fixation and utilization of carbon dioxide.

关键词： Dual-ionic poly(ionic liquid)s CO_(2)cycloaddition Epoxides Cyclic carbonates Heterogeneous catalysts

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Effect of gradual increase of salt on performance and microbial community during granulation process

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 404-413页

作者： Mengfei Wang Junguo He Xiangke Dong Ruimiao Zhang school of environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China school of civil engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China National Marine environmental Monitoring Center Dalian 116023China

Salinity was considered to have effects on the characteristics,performance microbial communities of aerobic granular *** study investigated granulation process with gradual increase of salt under different *** identical sequencing batch reactors were operated,while the influent of Ra and Rb was subjected to stepwise increments of NaCl concentrations(0-4 g/L and 0-10 g/L).The presence of filamentous bacteria may contribute to granules formed under lower salinity conditions,potentially leading to granules *** removal efficiency achieved in both reactors although therewas a small accumulation of nitrite in Rb at later *** removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand(COD),total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP)in Ra were 95.31%,93.70%and 88.66%,while the corresponding removal efficiencies in Rb were 94.19%,89.79%and 80.74%.Salinity stimulated extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)secretion and enriched EPS producing bacteria to help maintain the integrity and stability of the aerobic *** nitrifying bacteria were responsible for NH_(4)^(+)-N and NO_(2)^(-)-N oxidation of salinity systems and large number of denitrifying bacteria were detected,which ensure the high removal efficiency of TN in the systems.

关键词： Aerobic granular sludge(AGS)Salinity Nutrient removal Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) Microbial community

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Light-powered self-rolling of a liquid crystal elastomer-based dicycle

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第2期46卷 253-268页

作者： Kai LI Chongfeng ZHAO Yunlong QIU Yuntong DAI school of civil engineering Anhui Jianzhu University

Conventional liquid crystal elastomer (LCE)-based robots are limited by the need for complex controllers and bulky power supplies, restricting their use in microrobots and soft robots. This paper introduces a novel light-powered dicycle that uses an LCE rod, enabling self-rolling by harvesting energy from the environment. The LCE rod serves as the driving force, with energy being supplied by a line light source. Employing a dynamic LCE model, we calculate the transverse curvature of the LCE rod after deformation, as well as the driving moment generated by the shift in a rod’s center of gravity,which allows the dicycle to roll on its own. Through extensive numerical simulations,we identify the correlations between the angular velocity of the dicycle and the key system parameters, specifically the light intensity, LCE rod length, light penetration depth,overall mass of the dicycle, rolling friction coefficient, and wheel radius. Further, the experimental verification is the same as the theoretical result. This proposed light-powered self-rolling dicycle comes with the benefits of the simple structure, the convenient control,the stationary light source, and the small luminous area of the light source. It not only demonstrates self-sustaining oscillations based on active materials, but also highlights the great potential of light-responsive LCE rods in applications such as robotics, aerospace,healthcare, and automation.

关键词： self-rolling dicycle liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) rod light-powered O322 O323

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Efficient photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)to formate by a molecular noble metal-free system

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 152-156页

作者： Lihua Zhang Lingjing Chen Huatian Shi Yue Wei Gui Chen Tai-Chu Lau school of environment and civil engineering Research Center for Eco-environmental EngineeringDongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Reducing CO_(2)to carbon-neutral solar fuels can not only alleviate the energy demand but also mitigate the greenhouse *** present,developing an efficient non-noble metal photo/electrocatalytic system for converting CO_(2)to a specific product beyond CO is still a big ***,we report a new cobalt complex bearing 2,2′-bi-1,10-phenanthroline ligand that can photocatalytically reduce CO_(2)to formate(HCOO^(-)).Turnover number(TON)for HCOO^(-)up to 677 with 99%selectivity can be achieved using organic dyes purpurin as photosensitizer and 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole(BIH)as sacrificial reductant in a CO_(2)-saturated NMP/TEA(v/v,3:1)solution under visible light *** potential electrolysis at-1.41 V(***/Ag Cl)in the presence of 12 mM Et_(3)NHBF_(4)also produced HCOO^(-)with Faradaic efficiency of 39%.Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies suggest that a[CoI-H]species is the key intermediate for CO_(2)reduction.

关键词： photocatalysis noble metal-free CO_(2)reduction formate cobalt hydride

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Sulfur doping and oxygen vacancy in In2O3 nanotube co-regulate intermediates of CO2 electroreduction for efficient HCOOH production and rechargeable Zn-CO2 battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 474-484页

作者： Yu Li Zhengrong Xu Quanxin Guo Qin Li Rui Liu Key Laboratory of Advanced civil engineering Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University

By manipulating the distribution of surface electrons,defect engineering enables effective control over the adsorption energy between adsorbates and active sites in the CO2reduction reaction（CO2RR）.Herein,we report a hollow indium oxide nanotube containing both oxygen vacancy and sulfur doping（V_o-Sx-In2O3） for improved CO2-to-HCOOH electroreduction and *** componential synergy significantly reduces the*OCHO formation barrier to expedite protonation process and creates a favorable electronic micro-environment for*HCOOH *** a result,the CO2RR performance of Vo-Sx-In2O3outperforms Pure-In2O3and V_o-In2O3,where V_o-S53-In2O3exhibits a maximal HCOOH Faradaic efficiency of 92.4% at-1,2 V *** hydrogen electrode（RHE） in H-cell and above 92%over a wide window potential with high current density(119.1 mA cm-2at-1.1 V ***) in flow ***,the rechargeable Zn-CO2battery utilizing V_o-S53-In2O3as cathode shows a high power density of 2.29 mW cm-2and a long-term stability during charge-discharge *** work provides a valuable perspective to elucidate co-defective catalysts in regulating the intermediates for efficient CO2RR.

关键词： CO2 electroreduction In2O3 Intermediate Oxygen vacancy Sulfur doping Zn-CO2 battery

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On the interfacial behavior of a one-dimensional hexagonal piezoelectric quasicrystal film based on the beam theory

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第2期46卷 289-304页

作者： Wenkai ZHANG C.S.LU Minghao ZHAO Cuiying FAN Huayang DANG school of Mechanics and Safety engineering Zhengzhou University school of civil and Mechanical engineering Curtin University school of Mechanical engineering Zhengzhou University

In this paper, the mechanical response of a one-dimensional (1D) hexagonal piezoelectric quasicrystal (PQC) thin film is analyzed under electric and temperature loads. Based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, a theoretical model is proposed, resulting in coupled governing integral equations that account for interfacial normal and shear stresses. To numerically solve these integral equations, an expansion method using orthogonal Chebyshev polynomials is employed. The results provide insights into the interfacial stresses, axial force, as well as axial and vertical deformations of the PQC ***, fracture criteria, including stress intensity factors, mode angles, and the Jintegral, are evaluated. The solution is compared with the membrane theory, neglecting the normal stress and bending deformation. Finally, the effects of stiffness and aspect ratio on the PQC film are thoroughly discussed. This study serves as a valuable guide for controlling the mechanical response and conducting safety assessments of PQC film systems.

关键词： one-dimensional (1D) hexagonal piezoelectric quasicrystal (PQC) film beam theory electric and temperature loads Chebyshev polynomial interfacial behavior O343.1

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Recent progress in constructing fluorinated solid-electrolyte interphases for stable lithium metal anodes

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 270-291页

作者： Di Zhang Pengfei Lv Wei Qin Xin He Yuanhua He civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province College of Civil Aviation Safety EngineeringCivil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan 618307China school of Chemical engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)are emerging as a promising energy storage solution owing to their high energy density and specific ***,the non-uniform plating of lithium and the potential rupture of the solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)during extended cycling use may result in dendrite growth,which can penetrate the separator and pose significant short-circuit *** a stable SEI is essential for the long-term operation of the ***-rich SEI has garnered significant attention for its ability to effectively passivate electrodes,regulate lithium deposition,and inhibit electrolyte *** the structural components and preparation methods of existing fluorinated SEI is crucial for optimizing lithium metal anode *** paper reviews the research on optimizing LiF passivation interfaces to protect lithium metal *** focuses on four types of compositions in fluorinated SEI that work synergistically to enhance SEI *** instance,combining compounds with LiF can further enhance the mechanical strength and ionic conductivity of the *** metals with LiF significantly improves electrochemical performance at the SEI/anode interface,with a necessary focus on reducing electron tunneling ***,incorporating polymers with LiF offers balanced improvements in interfacial toughness and ionic conductivity,though maintaining structural stability over long cycles remains a critical area for future *** alloys combined with LiF increase surface energy and lithium affinity,challenges such as dendrite growth and volume expansion *** summary,this paper emphasizes the crucial role of interfacial structures in LMBs and offers comprehensive guidance for future design and development efforts in battery technology.

关键词： LiF lithium metal anodes solid-electrolyte interphase interface cycling stability

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Predictor−corrector inverse design scheme for property−composition prediction of amorphous alloys

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2025年第1期35卷 169-183页

作者： Tao LONG Zhi-lin LONG Bo PANG school of Mechanical engineering and Mechanics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China school of civil engineering Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China

In order to develop a generic framework capable of designing novel amorphous alloys with selected target properties,a predictor−corrector inverse design scheme(PCIDS)consisting of a predictor module and a corrector module was presented.A high-precision forward prediction model based on deep neural networks was developed to implement these two *** utmost importance,domain knowledge-guided inverse design networks(DKIDNs)and regular inverse design networks(RIDNs)were also *** forward prediction model possesses a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.990 for the shear modulus and 0.986 for the bulk modulus on the testing ***,the DKIDNs model exhibits superior performance compared to the RIDNs *** is finally demonstrated that PCIDS can efficiently predict amorphous alloy compositions with the required target properties.

关键词： amorphous alloys machine learning deep neural networks inverse design elastic modulus

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Undrained bearing capacity of obliquely-eccentrically loaded shallow foundations overlying a heterogeneous and inherently anisotropic clay deposit

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2025年第1期17卷 586-613页

作者： Maedeh Nasiri Pishvari Hessam Fathipour Suraparb Keawsawasvong Boonchai Ukritchon Meghdad Payan Reza Jamshidi Chenari Department of civil engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of GuilanRashtIran Research Unit in Sciences and Innovative Technologies for civil engineering Infrastructures Department of Civil EngineeringThammasat School of EngineeringThammasat UniversityThailand Department of civil engineering.Chulalongkorn University BangkokThailand Department of civil engineering GeoEngineering Centre at Queen's RMCRoyal Military College of CanadaKingstonCanada

Clay deposits typically exhibit significant degrees of heterogeneity and anisotropy in their strength and stiffness *** non-monotonic responses can significantly impact the stability analysis and design of overlying shallow *** this study,the undrained bearing capacity of shallow foundations resting on inhomogeneous and anisotropic clay layers subjected to oblique-eccentric combined loading is investigated through a comprehensive series of finite element limit analysis(FELA)based on the well-established lower-bound theorem and second-order cone programming(SOCP).The heterogeneity of normally consolidated(NC)clays is simulated by adopting a well-known general model of undrained shear strength increasing linearly with *** contrast,for overconsolidated(OC)clays,the variation of undrained shear strength with depth is considered to follow a bilinear ***,the inherent anisotropy is accounted for by adopting different values of undrained shear strength along different directions within the soil medium,employing an iterative-based *** results of numerical simulations are utilized to investigate the influences of natural soil heterogeneity and inherent anisotropy on the ultimate bearing capacity,failure envelope,and failure mechanism of shallow foundations subjected to the various combinations of vertical-horizontal(V-H)and vertical-moment(V-M)loads.

关键词： Shallow foundation Bearing capacity Combined loading Undrained shear strength Inherent anisotropy Heterogeneity

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