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In vitro engineered models of neurodegenerative diseases

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BIOCELL 2024年第1期48卷 79-96页

作者： ZEHRA GÜL MORÇIMEN ŞEYMA TAŞDEMIR AYLIN ŞENDEMIR Bioengineering Department Graduate School of Natural and Applied SciencesEge UniversityIzmir35040Türkiye Bioengineering Department Faculty of Engineering and Natural ScienceCelal Bayar UniversityManisa45110Türkiye Bioengineering Department Ege UniversityIzmir35040Türkiye Department of Biomedical Technologies Graduate School of Natural and Applied SciencesEge UniversityIzmir35040Türkiye

Neurodegeneration is a catastrophic process that develops progressive damage leading to functional andstructural loss of the cells of the nervous system and is among the biggest unavoidable problems of our *** do not reflect the pathophysiology observed in humans due to distinct differences between the neuralpathways,gene expression patterns,neuronal plasticity,and other disease-related mechanisms in animals *** in vitro cell culture models are also not sufficient for pre-clinical drug testing in reflecting thecomplex pathophysiology of neurodegenerative ***,modern,engineered techniques are applied to developmulticellular,intricate in vitro models and to create the closest microenvironment simulating biological,biochemical,and mechanical characteristics of the in vivo degenerating *** THIS review,the capabilities and shortcomings ofscaffold-based and scaffold-free techniques,organoids,and microfluidic models that best reflect neurodegeneration invitro in the biomimetic framework are discussed.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases In vitro models Scaffolds Organoids Microfluidic devices

Bald Eagle Search Optimization Algorithm Combined with Spherical Random Shrinkage Mechanism and Its Application

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 572-605页

作者： Wenyan Guo Zhuolin Hou Fang Dai Xiaoxia Wang Yufan Qiang Department of applied Mathematics School of ScienceXi'an University of TechnologyXian 710054ShaanxiChina

Over the last two decades,stochastic optimization algorithms have proved to be a very promising approach to solving a variety of complex optimization *** eagle search optimization(BES)as a new stochastic optimization algorithm with fast convergence speed has the ability of prominent optimization and the defect of collapsing in the local *** avoid BES collapse at local optima,inspired by the fact that the volume of the sphere is the largest when the surface area is certain,an improved bald eagle search optimization algorithm(INMBES)integrating the random shrinkage mechanism of the sphere is ***,the INMBES embeds spherical coordinates to design a more accurate parameter update method to modify the coverage and dispersion of the ***,the population splits into elite and non-elite groups and the Bernoulli chaos is applied to elite group to tap around potential solutions of the *** non-elite group is redistributed again and the Nelder-Mead simplex strategy is applied to each group to accelerate the evolution of the worst individual and the convergence process of the *** results of Friedman and Wilcoxon rank sum tests of CEC2017 in 10,30,50,and 100 dimensions numerical optimization confirm that the INMBES has superior performance in convergence accuracy and avoiding falling into local optimization compared with other potential improved algorithms but inferior to the champion algorithm and ranking *** three engineering constraint optimization problems and 26 real world problems and the problem of extracting the best feature subset by encapsulated feature selection method verify that the INMBES’s performance ranks first and has achieved satisfactory accuracy in solving practical problems.

关键词： Bald eagle search optimization algorithm Spherical coordinates Chaotic variation Simplex method Encapsulated feature selection

Introducing urea into tirapazamine derivatives to enhance anticancer therapy

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National science Review 2024年第4期11卷 245-253页

作者： Yajun Xu Jianlin Lv Chaoying Kong Ya Liu Kun Wang Zhaohui Tang Xuesi Chen Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences school of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China

Tirapazamine（TPZ） has been approved for multiple clinical trials relying on its excellent anticancer ***,as a typical hypoxia-activated prodrug（HAP）,TPZ did not exhibit survival advantages in Phase Ⅲ clinical trials when used in combination therapy due to the insufficient hypoxia levels in patients' *** this study,to improve the therapeutic effects of TPZ,we first introduced urea to synthesize a series of urea-containing derivatives of *** urea-containing TPZ derivatives showed increased hypoxic cytotoxicity（9.51-30.85-fold） compared with TPZ,while maintaining hypoxic ***,one of these derivatives,showed 20-fold higher cytotoxicity than TPZ while maintaining a similar hypoxic cytotoxicity *** highly efficiently deliver TPZP to the tumors and reduce its side effects on healthy tissues,we further prepared TPZP into a nanodrug with fibrin-targeting ability:***4-NPs,a vascular disrupting agent,was used to increase the fibrin level within tumors and exacerbate tumor *** being combined with CA4-NPs,FT11-TPZP-NPs can accumulate in the hypoxia-aggravated tumors and activate sufficiently to kill tumor *** a single-dose treatment,FT11-TPZP-NPs+CA4-NPs showed a high inhibition rate of 98.1% against CT26 tumor models with an initial volume of ～480 mm3and four out of six tumors were completely eliminated;it thereby exerted a significant antitumor *** study provides a new strategy for improving the therapeutic effect of TPZ and other HAPs in anticancer therapy.

关键词： tirapazamine vascular disrupting agent hypoxia-activated prodrug combretastatin A4 urea

Enhancing SAEAs with unevaluated solutions:a case study of relation model for expensive optimization

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 41-58页

作者： Hao HAO Xiaoqun ZHANG Aimin ZHOU Institute of natural sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Frontiers science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses school of Computer science and Technology East China Normal University

Surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithms(SAEAs) hold significant importance in resolving expensive optimization problems. Extensive efforts have been devoted to improving the efficiency of SAEAs through the development of proficient model-assisted solution selection methods, which, however, first requires generating high-quality solutions. The fundamental paradigm of evaluating a limited number of solutions in each generation within SAEAs reduces the variance of adjacent populations, thereby affecting the quality of offspring solutions. This is a frequently encountered issue yet receives little attention. To address the issue, this paper presents a framework using unevaluated solutions to enhance the efficiency of *** surrogate model is employed to identify high-quality solutions for the direct generation of new solutions without evaluation. To ensure dependable selection, we have introduced two tailored relation models to select the optimal solution and the unevaluated population. A comprehensive experimental analysis is performed on two test suites, which showcases the superiority of the relation model over regression and classification models in the solution selection phase. Furthermore, the surrogate-selected unevaluated solutions with high potential have been shown to enhance the efficiency of the algorithm significantly.

关键词： expensive optimization unevaluated solutions relation model surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithm

High-excited-state splitting and multimode vibrational coupling in Mn^(4+)-activated fluoride phosphor

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 95-101页

作者： Debao Zhang Wanggui Ye Xuguang Cao Ji Zhou Fei Tang Changcheng Zheng Jiqiang Ning Shijie Xu Department of Optical science and Engineering School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan University Shanghai 200438China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices Schoolof Physics and Electronic Engineering Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116China Division of natural and applied sciences Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshan 215316China

Excited-states play a crucial role in the optical absorption and luminescence of solids and hence their accurate information is highly desired. Herein, we attempt to seize the excited-states information of Mn^(4+)ions in K_(2)SiF_(6) microcrystals via measuring and calculating their variable-temperature photoluminescence excitation(PLE) spectra. At cryogenic temperatures, an unpredicted splitting of the high-excited-state is observed. Moreover, the two-split high-excited-state levels are further revealed to primarily couple with the two hyperfine split modes of quasi-localized ν2 vibration in the distorted Mn-F_(6) octahedral configuration,whereas the coupling strengths are found to be substantially different from each other. The slightly split vibrational mode is firmly supported by the low-temperature Raman spectra. Jahn-Teller lattice distortion is believed to be responsible for the observed splitting of the electronic high-excited-state and the quasi-localized vibrational mode.

关键词： splitting of excited-state photoluminescence excitation spectrum electron-phonon coupling Jahn-Teller effect

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Evoking immune system to potentiate nanocatalytic therapy through activation of cGAS-STING pathway

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science China Chemistry 2024年第10期67卷 3310-3319页

作者： Yi Wei Yuan Liang Pengye Du Shuyu Liu Pengpeng Lei Xiuling Liu Hongjie Zhang school of Materials science and Engineering Changchun University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences school of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Research Institute of Changchun University of science and Technology in Chongqing Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University

Nanocatalytic therapy shows great potential for therapeutic interventions. However, therapeutic efficiency is often limited by unsatisfactory enzyme activity and lack of the coordination of immune system. Therefore, engineering nanozymes activity enhancement while activating immune system will be an effective strategy to achieve efficient tumor therapy. Herein, we synthesize a DSPE-PEG-FA modified manganese dioxide-based dual-atom nanozyme（MDF）, on which iridium and platinum atoms are anchored. The obtained MDF can simultaneously mimic four enzyme activities of catalase, oxidase, peroxidase, and glutathione oxidase, set off a reactive oxygen species（ROS） storm, cause tumor cell death. The enzyme activity of MDF can be enhanced by its own photothermal effect. Meanwhile, MDF can consume intracellular glutathione and release Mn2+, which can prevent generated ROS from consumption and further activate cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes（cGAS-STING） pathway and promote the secretion of type I interferon, which will help promote dendritic cells maturation, present antigens to T lymphocytes to help kill tumor cells. Ultimately, MDF shows excellent tumor suppressive effects. This work provides a new paradigm for the field of nanozymes and offers a new reference for involvement of cGAS-STING pathway activation in tumor catalytic therapy.

关键词： single-atom ROS immune activation cGAS-STING pathway nanocatalytic therapy

Highly Active Interfacial Sites in SFT-SnO2 Heterojunction Electrolyte for Enhanced Fuel Cell Performance via Engineered Energy Bands:Envisioned Theoretically and Experimentally

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第03期7卷 388-401页

作者： Sajid Rauf Muhammad Bilal Hanif Faiz Wali Zuhra Tayyab Bin Zhu Naveed Mushtaq Yatao Yang Kashif Khan Peter D.Lund Martin Motola Wei Xu College of Electronic and Information Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Radio frequency Heterogeneous Integration Shenzhen University Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University in Bratislava College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University school of Energy and Environment Southeast University school of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China New Energy Technologies Group Department of Applied PhysicsAalto University School of Science

Extending the ionic conductivity is the pre-requisite of electrolytes in fuel cell technology for high-electrochemical *** this regard,the introduction of semiconductor-oxide materials and the approach of heterostructure formation by modulating energy bands to enhance ionic conduction acting as an electrolyte in fuel ***（n-type; SnO2） plays a key role by introducing into p-type SrFe0.2Ti0.8O3-δ（SFT） semiconductor perovskite materials to construct p-n heterojunction for high ionic ***,two different composites of SFT and SnO2are constructed by gluing p-and n-type SFT-SnO2,where the optimal composition of SFT-SnO2（6:4） heterostructure electrolyte-based fuel cell achieved excellent ionic conductivity 0.24 S cm-1with power-output of1004 mW cm-2and high OCV 1.12 V at a low operational temperature of500℃.The high power-output and significant ionic conductivity with durable operation of 54 h are accredited to SFT-SnO2heterojunction formation including interfacial conduction assisted by a built-in electric field in fuel cell ***,the fuel conversion efficiency and considerable Faradaic efficiency reveal the compatibility of SFT-SnO2heterostructure electrolyte and ruled-out short-circuiting ***,the first principle calculation provides sufficient information on structure optimization and energy-band structure modulation of *** strategy will provide new insight into semiconductor-based fuel cell technology to design novel electrolytes.

关键词： high ionic conductivity interfacial conduction modulated energy band structure p-n heterojunction semiconductors

Preparation of Chemically Recyclable Poly(ether-alt-ester) by the Ring Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Monomers Synthesized by Coupling Glycolide and Epoxides

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2024年第2期42卷 168-175,I0006页

作者： Feng Ren Zhuang-Zhuang Liang Ming-Xin Niu Chen-Yang Hu Xuan Pang Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China school of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

Polyester and polyether are two key oxygenated polymers, and completely alternative sequence of poly(ester-alt-ether) could efficiently combine the advantages(including flexibility, degradability, etc.) of both segments. Currently, despite their copolymers could be synthesized from one-pot mixture of cyclic esters and epoxides, perfectly alternative microstructure is very challenging to realize and typically restricted to certain monomer pairs. Moving forward, synthesizing poly(ester-alt-ether) from commercially available and largescale monomers would be a significant advance. For example, successfully commercialized poly(glycolic acid)(PGA), which is not easily soluble in polymers due to its high crystallinity and is brittle and difficult to control the degradation cycle, would encounter a new paradigm if engineered into poly(ester-altether). In this work, starting from the design of monomer with hybrid structures, we successfully synthesized a series of 1,4-dioxan-2-one containing different substituents based on glycolide(GA) and epoxides using commercially available Salen-Cr(III) and PPNCl catalytic *** new monomers underwent ring-opening polymerization(ROP) to form a series of poly(ester-alt-ether) with perfectly alternating glycolic acid and propylene glycol repeat units under catalytic system of thiourea/base. The poly(ester-alt-ether) have significantly lower glass-transition temperature than PGA. Additionally, the poly(ester-alt-ether) can be chemically recovered to monomer using Sn(Oct)2 or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undecane-7-ene(DBU) as a catalyst in solution, thus establishing a closed-loop life cycle. From monomers derived from GA and epoxides, this work furnishes a novel strategy for the synthesis of poly(ester-alt-ether) with chemical recyclability.

关键词： Polyester Polyether Alternative copolymer Ring-opening polymerization

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Nitrogen mineralization in the oldest climax communities in the eastern Mediterranean region

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 213-228页

作者： Fatma Selcen Sakar Gürcan Güleryüz Department of Biology Section Ecology GörükleGraduate School of Natural and Applied ScienceUniversity of Bursa Uludağ16059 NilüferBursaTurkey Department of Biology Section Ecology GörükleFaculty of Science and ArtsUniversity of Bursa Uludağ16059 NilüferBursaTurkey

In this study,we investigated how tree species affect N mineralization in connection to some soil properties and seconder metabolite levels of litter,in the soil of the old-est native forest *** the oldest pure communi-ties of Pinus nigra(PN),Fagus orientalis(FO),and Abies bornmuelleriana(AB)in the mountain range of Mount Uludağ,Bursa,Turkey,annual net yield and N mineraliza-tion in the 0-5-and 5-20-cm soil layers were determined in a field incubation study over 1 *** locations were chosen from 1300 to 1600 m a.s.l.,and moisture content(%),pH,water-holding capacity(%),organic C,total N,and C/N ratio,and annual net mineral N yield of the soil and hydro-lyzed tannic acid and total phenolic compounds in litter were compared for these forest *** had the highest annual net Nmin yield(43.9±4.8 kg ha^(-1) a^(-1)),*** the lowest(30.5±4.2 kg ha^(-1) a^(-1)).Our findings show that in the oldest forest ecosystems,the seasonal soil moisture content and tree species play an essential role in N cycling and that hydrolyzed tannic acids and total phenolic compounds effectively control N *** acid and total phenolics in the litter were found to inhibit nitrification,but total phenolics were found to stimulate ammonification.

关键词： Oldest forest communities Nitrogen mineralization Nitrification Tannic acid Total phenolic Litter

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