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Associations of daily sedentary behavior,physical activity,and sleep with irritable bowel syndrome:A prospective analysis of 362,193 participants

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第1期13卷 72-80页

作者： Xu Gao Sifan Tian Ninghao Huang Gang Sun Tao Huang Department of Occupational and Environmental health sciences School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100853China

Background:Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)substantially affects quality of life and requires early *** study aimed to elucidate the relationships between IBS and daily behaviors,including sedentary behavior(SB),physical activity(PA),and *** particular,it seeks to identify healthy behaviors to reduce IBS risk,which previous studies have rarely ***:Daily behaviors were retrieved from self-reported data of 362,193 eligible UK Biobank *** cases were determined by self-report or health care data according to RomeⅣ***:A total of 345,388 participants were IBS-free at baseline,during a median follow-up of 8.45 years,19,885 incident IBS cases were *** examined individually,SB and shorter(≤7 h/day)or longer(>7 h/day)sleep duration were each positively associated with increased IBS risk,and PA was associated with lower IBS *** isotemporal substitution model suggested that replacing SB with other activities could provide further protective effects against IBS *** people sleeping≤7 h/day,replacing 1 h of SB with equivalent light PA,vigorous PA,or sleep was associated with 8.1%(95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.901-0.937),5.8%(95%CI:0.896-0.991),and 9.2%(95%CI:0.885-0.932)reduced IBS risk,*** people sleeping>7 h/day,light and vigorous PA were associated with a 4.8%(95%CI:0.926-0.978)and a 12.0%(95%CI:0.815-0.949)lower IBS risk,*** benefits were mostly independent of genetic risk for ***:SB and unhealthy sleep duration are risk factors for IBS.A promising way to mitigate IBS risk for individuals sleeping≤7 h/day and for those sleeping>7 h/day appears to be by replacing SB with adequate sleep or vigorous PA,respectively,regardless of the genetic predisposition of IBS.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Isotemporal substitution model Physical activity Sedentary behavior Sleep

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Community-led total sanitation(CLTS)implementation in West Mamprusi Municipal Assembly in *** do communities think eleven years on?

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Global health Journal 2024年第2期8卷 67-73页

作者： Elijah Adam Emmanuel Badu school of Media Creative and Social InquiryCurtin UniversityBentleyWestern AustraliaAustralia school of Population health Curtin UniversityBentleyWestern AustraliaAustralia

Objective Access to improved sanitation is a fundamental human right and an important aspect of Public ***,an estimated thousands of people in Ghana especially,the West Mamprusi Municipal Assembly(WMMA)still have no access to adequate toilet *** has brought untold health repercussions to the inhabitants,the community,and the environment at *** address this menace,the community-led total sanitation(CLTS)was *** study aimed to assess communities’perspectives on the implementation of CLTS and to understand the factors influencing its success and *** A mixed-method approach involving sequential qualitative and quantitative methods was employed in this *** for the quantitative study were randomly selected and surveyed using *** qualitative study employed focus group discussion involving purposively sampled participants including assembly members,opinion leaders,and assembly *** The CLTS program in WMMA realized an apparent use of construction and proper use of household latrines leading to a reduction of open defecation free(ODF)and two communities achieving sanitized status in the history of the study area,enabling the training of latrine artisans and natural leaders to facilitate the CLTS expansion and sustainability,improved sanitation and hygiene,strengthened the enforcement of community rules and regulations and many *** The CLTS program has received more widespread acceptance in the study area than the previous government policy of constructing public toilets,which was greeted with massive failures due to poor *** ensure that gains achieved through CLTS implementation are sustained longer,it is recommended that chiefs and opinion leaders should be involved in the CLTS programs to ensure checks and *** entrenchment of bylaws and more education to address enduring myths and misconceptions will sustain the *** in the form

关键词： Community-led total sanitation(CLTS) Community development Ghana Sanitation

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A Brief Overview of the Development and Significance of Modern Scientific Medicine in China:Take Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College as an Example

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Chinese Medical sciences Journal 2024年第2期39卷 140-143页

作者： Pu-An Cui Zhe-Xi Gong Zhong He school of Humanities and social sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China

Since the early 20th century,China has gradually established a clinical,educational,and research system centered around modern scientific medicine,which has now become the dominant force in China's medical and health system and services,with the construction and development of the Chinese Academy of Medical sciences and Peking Union Medical College as the most prominent *** scientific medicine in the new era requires close cooperation across multiple disciplines and fields to build a high-quality and efficient medical and health service *** also involves combining the excellent traditional Chinese culture with Western medicine to explore a unique path of modern scientific medicine with Chinese characteristics.

关键词： modern scientific medicine cultural confidence multiple view

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Cumulative Exposure to Natural Hazards and Mental health in China: Are Older People More Vulnerable or More Resilient Than Younger and Middle-Aged Adults?

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 277-289页

作者： Shuai Zhou Crystal Kwan Department of Applied social sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Despite the well-documented impacts of single natural hazards like earthquakes, less is known about the psychological adaptation to multiple natural hazards, particularly in rural areas. This study investigated the associations of multiple natural hazards with depression among Chinese adults. Data were retrieved from the China Family Panel Studies conducted during 2010–2018. With a sample of 11,633 Chinese adults, multilevel logistic regression was employed to examine the relationships between natural hazard exposure and depression in the total sample and different age groups. Overall, experiencing four or more natural hazards was associated with a higher risk of being depressed. Regarding hazard type, the number of hydrometeorological and biological hazards was associated with a higher likelihood of depression, whereas the number of geologic and other hazards was related to a lower risk of depression. Middle-aged adults from villages were more likely to be affected by natural hazard exposure than older and younger adults. The findings of this study show that cumulative exposure to natural hazards can generate lasting effects on depressive symptoms, particularly in middle adulthood. The findings also suggest that older adults from rural areas may have accumulated more resilience to mitigate the adverse well-being effects of hazard events. Policies and interventions should enhance disaster awareness and preparation for aging residents from multi-hazard communities.

关键词： Age differences China Depressive symptoms Multi-hazard communities Natural hazard exposure

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The great catastrophe: causes of the Permo-Triassic marine mass extinction

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 37-50页

作者： Paul B.Wignall David P.G.Bond school of Earth & Environment University of Leeds school of Environmental sciences University of Hull

The marine losses during the Permo-Triassic mass extinction were the worst ever experienced. All groups were badly affected, especially amongst the benthos(e.g. brachiopods, corals, bryozoans, foraminifers,ostracods). Planktonic populations underwent a fundamental change with eukaryotic algae being replaced by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, green-sulphur bacteria, sulphate-reducing bacteria and prasinophytes. Detailed studies of boundary sections, especially those in South China, have resolved the crisis to a ～55 kyr interval straddling the Permo-Triassic boundary. Many of the losses occur at the beginning and end of this interval painting a picture of a two-phase extinction. Improved knowledge of the extinction has been supported by numerous geochemical studies that allow diverse proposed extinction mechanisms to be studied. A transition from oxygenated to anoxic-euxinic conditions is seen in most sections globally, although the intensity and timing shows regional variability. Decreased ocean ventilation coincides with rapidly rising temperatures and many extinction scenarios attribute the losses to both anoxia and high *** kill mechanisms include ocean acidification for which there is conflicting support from geochemical proxies and, even less likely, siltation(burial under a massive influx of terrigenous sediment) which lacks substantive sedimentological evidence. The ultimate driver of the catastrophic changes at the end of the Permian was likely Siberian Trap eruptions and their associated carbon dioxide emissions with consequences such as warming, ocean stagnation and acidification. Volcanic winter episodes stemming from Siberian volcanism have also been linked to the crisis, but the short-term nature of these episodes(

关键词： ocean anoxia ocean acidification siltation productivity collapse volcanic winter

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Deciphering resistancemechanisms and novel strategies to overcome drug resistance in ovarian cancer:a comprehensive review

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Oncology Research 2024年第5期32卷 831-847页

作者： EFFAT ALEMZADEH LEILA ALLAHQOLI AFROOZ MAZIDIMORADI ESMAT ALEMZADEH FAHIMEH GHASEMI HAMID SALEHINIYA IBRAHIM ALKATOUT Infectious Diseases Research Center Birjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran Department of Midwifery Ministry of Health and Medical EducationTehranIran Student Research Committee Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Department of Biotechnology Faculty of MedicineBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran Cellular and Molecular Research Center Birjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran social Determinants of health Research Center Birjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran Kiel school of Gynaecological Endoscopy Campus KielUniversity Hospitals Schleswig-HolsteinKielGermany

Ovarian cancer is among the most lethal gynecological cancers,primarily due to the lack of specific symptoms leading to an advanced-stage diagnosis and resistance to *** resistance(DR)poses the most significant challenge in treating patients with existing *** Food and Drug Administration(FDA)has recently approved three new therapeutic drugs,including two poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitors(olaparib and niraparib)and one vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)inhibitor(bevacizumab)for maintenance ***,resistance to these new drugs has ***,understanding the mechanisms of DR and exploring new approaches to overcome them is crucial for effective *** this review,we summarize the major molecular mechanisms of DR and discuss novel strategies to combat DR.

关键词： Chemotherapy Drug resistance mechanisms Ovarian cancer PARP inhibitors VEGF inhibitor

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Early Detection of the Emerging SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 Lineage Through Wastewater Surveillance Using a Mediator Probe PCR Assay—Shenzhen City,Guangdong Province,China,2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第15期6卷 332-338,I0008,I0009页

作者： Chen Du Yuejing Peng Ziquan Lyu Zhijiao Yue Yulin Fu Xiangjie Yao Jinzhen Tang Guixian Luo Chenxi Gao Shisong Fang Xiaolu Shi Chengsong Wan Yinghui Li Qinghua Hu Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention Shenzhen CityGuangdong ProvinceChina BSL-3 Laboratory(Guangdong) Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease ResearchSchool of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Public health Laboratory sciences School of Public HealthHengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaHengyang CityHunan ProvinceChina school of Public health Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan CityShanxi ProvinceChina

Introduction:The emergence of the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)Omicron sublineage,BA.2.86,has sparked global public health concerns for its potential heightened transmissibility and immune *** data from Shenzhen’s city-wide wastewater surveillance system,we highlight the presence of the BA.2.86 lineage in ***:A mediator probe polymerase chain reaction(PCR)assay was developed to detect the BA.2.86 lineage in wastewater by targeting a specific mutation(Spike:A264D).Between September 19 and December 10,2023,781 wastewater samples from 38 wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)and 9 pump stations in ten districts of Shenzhen were *** multiple short-amplicon sequencing,three positive samples were ***:The BA.2.86 lineage was identified in the wastewater of Futian and Nanshan districts in Shenzhen on December 2,*** December 2 to 10,a total of 21 BA.2.86-positive wastewater samples were found across 6 districts(Futian,Nanshan,Longhua,Baoan,Longgang,and Luohu)in *** weighted average viral load of the BA.2.86 lineage in Shenzhen’s wastewater was 43.5 copies/L on December 2,increased to 219.8 copies/L on December 4,and then decreased to approximately 100 copies/L on December 6,8,and ***:The mediator probe PCR assay,designed for swift detection of low viral concentrations of the BA.2.86 lineage in wastewater samples,shows promise for detecting different SARS-CoV-2 *** surveillance could serve as an early detection system for promptly identifying specific SARS-CoV-2 variants as they emerge.

关键词： wastewater Wastewater district

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Number of Solitons Emerged in the Initial Profile of Shallow Water Using Convolutional Neural Networks

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第2期37卷 463-479页

作者： WANG Zhen CUI Shikun school of Mathematical sciences Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China school of Mathematical sciences Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The soliton resolution conjecture proposes that the initial value problem can evolve into a dispersion part and a soliton ***,the problem of determining the number of solitons that form in a given initial profile remains unsolved,except for a few specific *** this paper,the authors use the deep learning method to predict the number of solitons in a given initial value of the Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)*** leveraging the analytical relationship between Asech^(2)(x)initial values and the number of solitons,the authors train a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)that can accurately identify the soliton count from spatio-temporal *** trained neural network is capable of predicting the number of solitons with other given initial values without any additional *** extensive calculations,the authors demonstrate the effectiveness and high performance of the proposed method.

关键词： Convolutional neural network deep learning method KdV equation soliton

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Out-of-Equilibrium Assembly Based on Host-Guest Interactions

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 27-40页

作者： Guotai Li Reece W.Lewis Rienk Eelkema school of Rehabilitation sciences and Engineering University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao 266071 Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology2629 HZ Delft

The field of supramolecular chemistry is rapidly progressing,transitioning from the creation of thermodynamically stable systems found in local or global minima on the free energy landscape to the development of out-of-equilibrium systems that rely on chemical reactions to establish and maintain their *** the past decade,numerous artificial out-of-equilibrium systems have been devised in various domains of supramolecular chemistry,many of which have been extensively ***,one area that has received limited attention thus far is the use of out-of-equilibrium processes to regulate host-guest *** minireview aims to address this gap by exploring the construction of out-ofequilibrium systems based on host-guest complexation,which likely employs similar strategies to those employed in analogous noncovalent *** review begins with a summary of these shared ***,it discusses representative publications that exemplify these strategies and classifies thembased onwhich component is being modulated-host,guest,or competitive *** this examination,our objective is to shed light on the design of out-of-equilibrium systems relying on host-guest interactions and provide valuable insights into the preparation strategies for various transient materials.

关键词： out-of-equilibrium host-guest chemistry self-assembly supramolecular materials chemical fuel

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Positive health:An integrated quantitative approach in patients with chronic gastrointestinal and hepato-pancreatico-biliary disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第28期30卷 3418-3427页

作者： Anja H W M Lemlijn-Slenter Karolina AP Wijnands Gijs van der Hamsvoort Luuk P van Iperen Nico Wolter Angelique E de Rijk Ad AM Masclee Department of social Medicine Faculty of HealthMedicine and Life sciencesCare and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht UniversityMaastricht 6200 MDLimburgNetherlands Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineSchool of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht 6200 MDLimburgNetherlands social Medical Affairs Employee Insurance Agency(UWV)Heerlen 6400 ACLimburgNetherlands Department of Research Academic Knowledge Center Work and Health South-East Netherlands(AKAG-ZON)Heerlen 6400 ACLimburgNetherlands

BACKGROUND The concept of positive health(PH)supports an integrated approach for patients by taking into account six dimensions of *** approach is especially relevant for patients with chronic *** gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatico-biliary(GI-HPB)disorders are among the top-6 of the most prevalent chronically affected organ *** impact of chronic GI-HPB disorders on individuals may be disproportionally high because:(1)The affected organ system frequently contributes to a malnourished state;and(2)persons with chronic GIHPB disorders are often younger than persons with chronic diseases in other organ *** To describe and quantify the dimensions of PH in patients with chronic GI-HPB *** Prospective,observational questionnaire study performed between 2019 and 2021 in 235 patients with a chronic GIHPB disorder attending the Outpatient Department of the Maastricht University Medical *** questionnaires and data from patient files were used to quantify the six dimensions of *** consistency was tested with McDonald’s ***-order Pearson correlations and t-tests were used to assess associations and differences.A P value<0.05 was considered *** The GI-HPB patients scored significantly worse in all dimensions of PH compared to control data or norm scores from the general *** quality of life,participation and daily functioning,GI-HPB patients scored in the same range as patients with chronic disorders in other organ systems,but depressive symptoms(in 35%)and malnutrition(in 45%)were more frequent in patients with chronic GI-HPB *** scores between the six dimensions were only very weak to weak,forcing us to quantify each domain *** All six dimensions of PH are impaired in the GI-HPB *** and depressive symptoms are more prevalent compared to patients with chronic disorders in other organ systems.

关键词： Positive health Chronic gut disorders Gastrointestinal disorders Hepato-pancreatico-biliary disorders Integrated care

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