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Theoretical study on the effect of H_(2)O on the formation mechanism of NO_(x) precursors during indole pyrolysis

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2024年第6期18卷 99-112页

作者： Ziqi Wang Jun Shen Xuesong Liu Sha Wang Shengxiang Deng Hai Zhang Yun Guo school of Mechanical and Automotive engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai 201620China school of Mechanical engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The incineration technology of kitchen waste is one of the effective technologies to achieve the resource utilization of municipal solid *** is an important stage of *** is a rich initial product in the pyrolysis process of kitchen waste,and the presence of H_(2)O has a significant impact on the decomposition of indole to form NO_(x) ***,this study uses density functional theory method to study the effect of H_(2)O on the thermal decomposition of indole to produce NH_(3),HNCO,and *** H_(2)O participates in the reaction,it can provide oxidative groups to generate a new product HNCO,which is different from the previous findings by indole pyrolysis without the presence of H_(2)***,this study theoretically proves that NH_(3) is easier to form than *** is consistent with the phenomenon that NH_(3) release is higher than HCN release in pyrolysis *** addition,compared with the individual pyrolysis of indole,the participation of H_(2)O reduces the energy barriers for the formation of NH_(3) and HCN during indole pyrolysis,thereby promoting the formation of NH_(3) and HCN.

关键词： indole pyrolysis H_(2)O NO_(x)precursors DFT

Heterostructure of 2D MoSe_(2) nanosheets vertically grown on bowllike carbon for high-performance sodium storage

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4023-4030页

作者： Nianxiang Shi Guangzeng Liu Baojuan Xi Xuguang An Changhui Sun Shenglin Xiong school of Chemistry and Chemistry engineering Qilu Normal UniversityJinan 250200China school of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China school of Mechanical engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

Transition metal dichalcogenides are attractive anode materials for sodium ion batteries(SIBs)due to their high theoretical capacity and large interlayer ***,its practical application is hampered by the sluggish kinetics of Na^(+)insertion and structure collapse caused by Na^(+)insertion/***,the heterostructures of MoSe_(2) nanosheets vertically growing on bowl-like carbon(MoSe_(2)@C)are designed and prepared by a template method coupled with selenization treatment to boost storage sodium *** hollow and collapse could provide enough storage space for Na^(+)and alleviate the volume expansion during the charge/discharge ***_(2) nanosheets vertically grown on carbon could expose more active sites for adsorbing Na^(+)to enhance the utilization rate of electrode ***,building heterostructures by combining different phase components could facilitate Na^(+)diffusion and advance reaction *** from these merits,the bowl-like MoSe_(2)@C shows outstanding reversible capacity(356.8 mAh·g^(-1) after 1500 cycles at 1 A·g^(-1))and remarkable rate performance(249.9 mAh·g^(-1)10 A·g^(-1)).

关键词： MoSe_(2)nanosheets bowl-like carbon heterostructure sodium ion batteries

Dual template-induced construction of three-dimensional porous SiO2/NC/Co-CNTs heterostructure with highly dispersed active sites for efficient oxygen evolution reaction

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Tungsten 2024年第3期6卷 585-595页

作者： Hai-Qi Zhang Xiao-Jun Zeng Qing-Qing Zhang Zu-Liang Zhang Chu-Long Jin Rong-Hai Yu school of Materials Science and engineering Jingdezhen Ceramic University school of Materials Science and engineering Beihang University

The development and exploration of efficient and economical electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction（OER） represents the main bottleneck to unlocking a sustainable energy scenario based on elec trocataly tic water *** scale integration of three-dimensional（3D） porous heterostructure with highly dispersed active sites and good structural stability is ***,a dual template route is developed to construct the 3D porous SiO2/nitrogen-doped carbon（NC）/Co-carbon nano tubes（CNTs） hetero ***,the hard template（SiO2nano spheres） contributes to 3D porous structure,increases the specific surface area,and promotes the contact area of the *** the same time,the soft template（basic zinc carbonate） can control the growth of 1D CNTs and facilitate the exposure of the active ***,3D porous SiO2/NC/Co-CNTs hetero structure inherits highly dispersed Co nanoparticles coated by *** conductive channels and abundant N hetero atoms doping are reasonably constructed by a dual template ***,SiO2/NC/Co-CNTs catalyst provides an extraordinary activity for the OER in alkaline media,with a low overpotential of 298 mV at a current density of 10 mA·***,SiO2/NC/Co-CNTs hetero structure enables excellent long-term durability with a 10 mV decay in overpotential after 3000 cyclic voltammetry cycles,and 97% remain in current density over 20 *** is believed that this dual template strategy can provide a new and simple way to construct a highly dispersed active site in electrocatalysts.

关键词： Dual template High dispersion Porous heterostructure Conductive channels Oxygen evolution reaction

Automatic Miscalibration Detection and Correction of LiDAR and Camera Using Motion Cues

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical engineering 2024年第2期37卷 318-329页

作者： Pai Peng Dawei Pi Guodong Yin Yan Wang Liwei Xu Jiwei Feng school of Mechanical engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211102China school of Mechanical engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210014China school of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

This paper aims to develop an automatic miscalibration detection and correction framework to maintain accurate calibration of LiDAR and camera for autonomous vehicle after the sensor ***,a monitoring algorithm that can continuously detect the miscalibration in each frame is designed,leveraging the rotational motion each individual sensor ***,as sensor drift occurs,the projection constraints between visual feature points and LiDAR 3-D points are used to compute the scaled camera motion,which is further utilized to align the drifted LiDAR scan with the camera ***,the proposed method is sufficiently compared with two representative approaches in the online experiments with varying levels of random drift,then the method is further extended to the offline calibration experiment and is demonstrated by a comparison with two existing benchmark methods.

关键词： Autonomous vehicle LiDAR and camera Miscalibration detection and correction Sensor drift

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A comprehensive analysis of DAC-SDC FPGA low power object detection challenge

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 300-320页

作者： Jingwei ZHANG Guoqing LI Meng ZHANG Xinye CAO Yu ZHANG Xiang LI Ziyang CHEN Jun YANG school of Electronics Science and engineering Southeast University

The lower power object detection challenge(LPODC) at the IEEE/ACM Design Automation Conference is a premier contest in low-power object detection and algorithm(software)-hardware co-design for edge artificial intelligence, which has been a success in the past five years. LPODC focused on designing and implementing novel algorithms on the edge platform for object detection in images taken from unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs), which attracted hundreds of teams from dozens of countries to participate. Our team SEUer has been participating in this competition for three consecutive years from 2020 to 2022 and obtained sixth place respectively in 2020 and 2021. Recently, we achieved the championship in 2022. In this paper, we presented the LPODC for UAV object detection from 2018 to 2022, including the dataset, hardware platform,and evaluation method. In addition, we also introduced and discussed the details of methods proposed by each year's top three teams from 2018 to 2022 in terms of network, accuracy, quantization method, hardware performance, and total score. Additionally, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the selected entries and results, along with summarizing representative methodologies. This analysis serves as a valuable practical resource for researchers and engineers in deploying the UAV application on edge platforms and enhancing its feasibility and reliability. According to the analysis and discussion, it becomes evident that the adoption of a hardware-algorithm co-design approach is paramount in the context of tiny machine learning(TinyML).This approach surpasses the mere optimization of software and hardware as separate entities, proving to be essential for achieving optimal performance and efficiency in TinyML applications.

关键词： tiny machine learning object detection convolutional neural networks algorithm-hardware co-design low power field programmable gate array

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Graph Signal Reconstruction from Low-Resolution Multi-Bit Observations

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 153-160页

作者： Zhaoting LIU Chen YU Yafeng WANG Shuchen LIU school of Communication engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University

Low hardware cost and power consumption in information transmission, processing and storage is an urgent demand for many big data problems, in which the high-dimensional data often be modelled as graph *** paper considers the problem of recovering a smooth graph signal by using its low-resolution multi-bit quantized observations. The underlying problem is formulated as a regularized maximum-likelihood optimization and is solved via an expectation maximization scheme. With this scheme, the multi-bit graph signal recovery(MB-GSR) is efficiently implemented by using the quantized observations collected from random subsets of graph nodes. The simulation results show that increasing the sampling resolution to 2 or 3 bits per sample leads to a considerable performance improvement, while the energy consumption and implementation costs remain much lower compared to the implementation of high resolution sampling.

关键词： Quantization (signal) Costs Power demand Simulation Energy resolution Signal sampling Signal reconstruction

Legitimate monitor by proactive guarding for counter covert communications

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 221-237页

作者： Manlin WANG Bin XIA Jiangzhou WANG school of Electronic Information and Electrical engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University school of engineering University of Kent

Covert communication has been widely investigated to avoid the transmission behavior being overheard by the warder. However, covert communication may be illegitimately utilized by unauthorized parties to evade the supervision of authorized agencies, which leads to great challenges to information security. To meet the need for authorized parties to monitor and prevent illegitimate transmission between unauthorized nodes, a novel paradigm, called legitimate monitor, is proposed for counter covert communications. In the preceding covert communication system, the covert transmission rate is the focus. Differently,the core concern of the legitimate monitor system is the outage probability of the transmission between unauthorized nodes, which should be maximized to interrupt the potential but undetectable *** achieve these goals effectively, a proactive guarding approach is proposed, where the authorized warder detects the transmission behavior and emits jamming signals to interfere with the potential transmission,simultaneously. In particular, the jamming power at the warder is optimized under cases where the instantaneous/statistical channel state information is available. Besides, the corresponding outage probability is derived to evaluate the system performance, which can also be simplified to scenarios with a passive *** results demonstrate that proactive guarding outperforms the passive one, especially when the warder is not proximal to the unauthorized transmitter. In addition, the proposed jamming power allocation scheme also outperforms other benchmark schemes.

关键词： legitimate monitor counter covert communication full-duplex technology outage probability power allocation optimization

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An Online Q-Learning Method for Linear-Quadratic Nonzero-Sum Stochastic Differential Games with Completely Unknown Dynamics

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第5期37卷 1907-1922页

作者： ZHANG Bao-Qiang WANG Bing-Chang CAO Ying school of Control Science and engineering Shandong University

In this paper, the authors design a reinforcement learning algorithm to solve the adaptive linear-quadratic stochastic n-players non-zero sum differential game with completely unknown dynamics. For each player, a critic network is used to estimate the Q-function, and an actor network is used to estimate the control input. A model-free online Q-learning algorithm is obtained for solving this kind of problems. It is proved that under some mild conditions the system state and weight estimation errors can be uniformly ultimately bounded. A simulation with five players is given to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.

关键词： Actor-critic algorithm model-free adaptive control nonzero-sum stochastic game reinforcement learning

A Task Scheduling Algorithm Based on Clustering Pre-processing in Space-Based Information Network

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 217-230页

作者： Yufei WANG Jun LIU Shengnan ZHANG Sai XU Jingyi WANG school of Computer Science and engineering Northeastern University

With the diversification of space-based information network task requirements and the dramatic increase in demand, the efficient scheduling of various tasks in space-based information network becomes a new challenge. To address the problems of a limited number of resources and resource heterogeneity in the space-based information network, we propose a bilateral pre-processing model for tasks and resources in the scheduling pre-processing stage. We use an improved fuzzy clustering method to cluster tasks and resources and design coding rules and matching methods to match similar categories to improve the clustering effect. We propose a space-based information network task scheduling strategy based on an ant colony simulated annealing algorithm for the problems of high latency of space-based information network communication and high resource dynamics. The strategy can efficiently complete the task and resource matching and improve the task scheduling performance. The experimental results show that our proposed task scheduling strategy has less task execution time and higher resource utilization than other algorithms under the same experimental conditions. It has significantly improved scheduling performance.

关键词： Scheduling algorithms Heuristic algorithms Clustering methods Clustering algorithms Simulated annealing Dynamic scheduling Search problems