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Coupling N-doping and confined Co3O4 on carbon nanotubes by polydopamine coating strategy for pleiotropic water purification

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3146-3160页

作者： Wen-Long Tu Gang Wang Yue Zhang Hong-Yang Zhu Rong-Rong Du Hong-Yao Zhao Sheng Tang Zeng-Jing Guo Jun Yang Fu Yang Cheng-Zhang Zhu school of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaocheng University school of Material science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology school of Environmental science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University

The development of effective and sustainable solutions for pleiotropic water purification becomes urgent and *** Fenton-like catalysts for activation of peroxymonosulfate（PMS） to purify organic wastewater show great *** this work,by tuning metal loading with an in-situ polydopamine coating strategy,oxygen vacancy-enriched Co3O4loading on N-doped carbon nanotubes（CNTs） were constructed to enhance PMS activation efficiency for pollutants ***,the obtained modified CNTs afford a well-developed N-containing network structure,which is further endowed with abundant Co（Ⅱ）/Co（Ⅲ） redox cycles and significant metal-carbon *** particular,the surface N doping in CNTs might induce the oriented enrichment of pollutants around the catalyst,which reduces the migration distance and correspondingly improves the utilization of reactive oxidative *** electron transfer efficiency of the catalyst can be further improved by incorporating oxygen vacancy-enriched *** performance results show that the optimal NC/Co-1 could mineralize 20 × 10-6of bisphenol A（BPA） by almost 98% in 8 min.A low reaction activation energy(26.05 kJ·mol-1) in BPA degradation was demonstrated by the NC/*** importantly,NC/Co-1 can inherit excellent degradation performance towards oxytetracycline,2,4-dichlorophenol,and tetracycline,showing wide practical *** addition,by virtue of the photothermal conversion property,NC/Co-1 achieves an additive function for interfacial solar water evaporation(1.84 kg·m-2·h-1,112.51%),showing impressive potential for clean water recovery under complicated environmental pollution conditions.

关键词： Carbon nanotube Advanced oxidation process Co 3 O 4 Photothermal conversion Solar water evaporation

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Not in Control,but Liable?Attributing Human Responsibility for Fully Automated Vehicle Accidents

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 121-132页

作者： Siming Zhai Lin Wang Peng Liu Center for psychological sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310063China Department of Library and Information science Incheon National UniversityIncheon 22012Republic of Korea

Human agency has become increasingly limited in complex systems with increasingly automated decision-making *** instance,human occupants are passengers and do not have direct vehicle control in fully automated cars(i.e.,driverless cars).An interesting question is whether users are responsible for the accidents of these *** ethical and legal analyses frequently argue that individuals should not bear responsibility for harm beyond their ***,we consider human judgment of responsibility for accidents involving fully automated cars through three studies with seven experiments(N=2668).We compared the responsibility attributed to the occupants in three conditions:an owner in his private fully automated car,a passenger in a driverless robotaxi,and a passenger in a conventional taxi,where none of these three occupants have direct vehicle control over the involved vehicles that cause identical pedestrian *** contrast to normative analyses,we show that the occupants of driverless cars(private cars and robotaxis)are attributed more responsibility than conventional taxi *** dilemma is robust across different contexts(e.g.,participants from China vs the Republic of Korea,participants with first-vs third-person perspectives,and occupant presence vs absence).Furthermore,we observe that this is not due to the perception that these occupants have greater control over driving but because they are more expected to foresee the potential consequences of using driverless *** findings suggest that when driverless vehicles(private cars and taxis)cause harm,their users may face more social pressure,which public discourse and legal regulations should manage appropriately.

关键词： Fully automated vehicle accidents Responsibility attribution Controllability Foreseeability

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Blindness-free beam scanning antenna with array of array architecture: principle,design,and experiment

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 209-224页

作者： Jianxu SUN Yujian CHENG school of Electronic science and Engineering University of Electronic science and Technology of China

This paper presents a 66–76-GHz sparsely-excited phased array antenna with the array of array(Ao A) architecture for eliminating the blindness and suppressing the grating lobe when scanning. For the array antennas printed on the thick dielectric layers with high relative permittivity, scanning blindness appears and seriously impacts the radiation performance. To address this issue, the Ao A topology is developed first. It finds that the scanning blindness appears due to the coupling of the radiating Floquet modes to the non-radiating surface wave(SW) modes. Therefore, the array is divided into two types of domino *** inner-phase distributions are introduced into the domino subarrays to break the one-to-one relationship between the Floquet mode and the SW mode. Then, the blindness inside ±60° scanning volume is eliminated by the aperiodic subarrays. Meanwhile, the aperiodic inner-phase distributions enhance the aperiodicity of the array and contribute to suppressing the grating lobe when scanning. Next, the meta-surface-based dipole with the shorted post is chosen as the unit cell for the proposed aperiodic array. Based on these methods,the array achieves the wide-scanning performance of ±60° in the E-plane and ±30° in the H-plane, without the blindness and the grating lobe. Finally, the 16×16 array is built and simulated with the dimension of32 mm × 32 mm. At the highest operating frequency, the simulated gains are 28.42, 25.17, and 24.01 d Bi when scanning to the broadside, 50° in the E-plane, and 30° in the H-plane, respectively. Compared to the ideal gain, it shows that the simulated radiation efficiency is about 84.13%, 62.08%, and 35.23% when scanning to the broadside, 50° in the E-plane, and 30° in the H-plane, respectively. The worst transmission coefficient, i.e., the worst isolation, is-11.97 d B between the central element and its two adjacent elements in the E-plane. The array prototypes are fabricated, and the experiments are carried out to ver

关键词： 6G communication systems phased array AoA aperiodic subarray wideband wide-scanning surface-wave scanning blindness grating lobe

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Energy band modulation of N-doped rutile/anatase TiO2 photoanode promoting charge separation toward prominent photoelectrochemical performance

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3784-3797页

作者： Juan Gao Shi-Xuan Wang Jia-Le Deng Ping-Ping Wei Fu-Zhang Chen Ling-Cheng Zheng Yue-Qin Wang Yang Li Yin Liu Gang He school of Mechanics and Photoelectric Physics Anhui University of Science and Technology school of Materials science and Engineering Anhui University Tianneng Battery (Wuhu) Co. Ltd. school of Materials science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and Technology

To solve the problem of high photogenerated carrier recombination rate and low photoelectric conversion efficiency of TiO2-based materials,a simple N-doped anatase/rutile TiO2heterophase nanorod film was designed by a low-temperature hydrothermal method in this *** enhanced separation and transport of photogenerated charges were facilitated by the smaller contact barrier and appropriate band matching between anatase TiO2nanoparticles and rutile *** introduction of N doping in anatase TiO2resulted in an upward shift of the valence band and a narrowing of the band gap,consequently enhancing the efficiency of visible light *** combination of the heterophase junction and N-doping exhibited a synergistic effect,effectively suppressing the recombination of photogenerated charges and enhancing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the *** AM 1.5G irradiation,the photocurrent density（J） of the A-TO（N）@R-TONR photoanode reached2.19 mA·cm-2(VRHE,1.23 eV).Additionally,the incident photon-electron conversion efficiency（IPCE） and the charge injection efficiency（η） reached 81.4% and 51.6% at320 ***,the J,IPCE,and η values of the A-TO（N）@R-TONR photoanode were 2.96,2.1 and 3.2times those of pure R-TONR photoanode,*** work presents a rational strategy for designing efficient TiO2-based photoanodes.

关键词： TiO 2 Heterophase junction Photoanode

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Meta label associated loss for fine-grained visual recognition

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 230-247页

作者： Yanchao LI Fu XIAO Hao LI Qun LI Shui YU school of Computer science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications school of Network Engineering Zhoukou Normal University school of Computer science University of Technology Sydney

Recently, intensive attempts have been made to design robust models for fine-grained visual recognition, most notably are the impressive gains for training with noisy labels by incorporating a reweighting strategy into a meta-learning framework. However, it is limited to up or downweighting the contribution of an instance for label reweighting approaches in the learning process. To solve this issue, a novel noise-tolerant method with auxiliary web data is proposed. Specifically, first, the associations made from embeddings of well-labeled data with those of web data and back at the same class are measured. Next, its association probability is employed as a weighting fusion strategy into angular margin-based loss, which makes the trained model robust to noisy datasets. To reduce the influence of the gap between the well-labeled and noisy web data, a bridge schema is proposed via the corresponding loss that encourages the learned embeddings to be coherent. Lastly, the formulation is encapsulated into the meta-learning framework, which can reduce the overfitting of models and learn the network parameters to be noise-tolerant. Extensive experiments are performed on benchmark datasets, and the results clearly show the superiority of the proposed method over existing state-of-the-art approaches.

关键词： label associated loss weighting noisy samples fine-grained visual recognition noise-tolerant learning meta-learning

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High-performance sodium storage for cobalt phosphide composite array electrodes

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3724-3734页

作者： Man Zhang Xiao-Xu Liu Tian-Yi Ji Yang Li Da-Wei Sheng Shao-Dong Li Pei-Pei Ren Ze-Xiang Shen school of Material science and Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and Technology school of Physical and Mathematical sciences Nanyang Technological University

Transition metal phosphides hold great potential as sodium-ion batteries anode materials owing to their high theoretical capacity and modest ***,volume changes and low intrinsic conductivity seriously largely hinder the further development of metal phosphide *** design of phosphide anode materials with reasonable structure is conducive to solving the problems of volume expansion and slow reaction kinetics during the *** this work,a composite material integrating zeolite imidazolate backbone（ZIF） and carbon materials was synthesized by the original growth ***,by the oxidation-phosphating process,CoP nanoarray composites riveted to carbon fiber（CoP@CF） were *** the CoP@CF,CoP nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on ZIF-derived carbon,reducing agglomeration and volume change during *** also provides a highly conductive network for the active material,improving the electrode ***,when evaluated as an anode for sodium-ion batteries,CoP@CF electrode displays enhanced reversible capacity(262 mAh·g-1at 0.1 A·g-1after 100 cycles),which is much better than that of pure CF electrode(57 mAh·g-1at 0.1 A·g-1after 100 cycles)prepared without the addition of *** rate performance of CoP@CF electrode is also superior to that of pure CF electrode at various current densities from 0.05 to1 A·*** sodium storage behavior of CoP@CF was revealed by ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,and synchrotron radiation absorption *** method provides a reference for the design and synthesis of anode materials in sodium-ion batteries.

关键词： Cobalt phosphide Array structure Free-standing anodes Sodium-ion batteries

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Graphene oxide/Al2O3-based diffusive memristor cells:enabling robust crossbar arrays for multidisciplinary applications

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3997-4005页

作者： Chen Liu Jun-Cheng Jin Yi-Ke Xiao Xin-Xin Wang Ping-Yuan Yan Yan-Qiang Cao Li-Yong Jiang Chuan-Xiang Sheng Ye-Feng Yu school of Microelectronics Nanjing University of Science and Technology school of science Nanjing University of Science and Technology school of Information science and Technology Fudan University

A memristor crossbar array (MCA) has emerged as a cutting-edge platform for advanced memory and neuromorphic computing hardware,offering unrivaled bit-level storage density.A diffusive memristor cell (DMC) is particularly well-suited for MCA integration due to its inherent threshold switching characteristics as a selector,effectively addressing current sneak path *** DMC's potential is acknowledged,it necessitates furtherexploration of their practical applicability.

关键词： Graphene

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Boosting cycling stability by regulating surface oxygen vacancies of LNMO by rapid calcination

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2671-2677页

作者： Haoran Jiang Cuihua Zeng Wei Zhu Jiawei Luo Zhedong Liu Jingchao Zhang Rui Liu Yunhua Xu Yanan Chen Wenbin Hu school of Materials science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China school of Materials science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

Spinel LiNi_(0.5-x)Mn_(1.5+x)O_(4)(LNMO)has attracted intensive interest for lithium-ion battery due to its high voltage and high energy ***,severe capacity fade attributed to unstable surface structure has hampered its *** vacancies(OVs)tend to occur in the surface of the material and lead to surface structure reconstruction,which deteriorates the battery performance during electrochemical ***,we utilize high-temperature-shock(HTS)method to synthesize LNMO materials with fewer surface *** calcination drives lower surface OVs concentration,reducing the content of Mn^(3+)and surface reconstruction layers,which is beneficial to obtain a stable crystal *** LNMO material synthesized by HTS method delivers an initial capacity of 127 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.1 C and capacity retention of 81.6%after 300 cycles at 1 C,and exhibits excellent performance at low temperature.

关键词： ultrafast synthesis oxygen vacancy LiNi_(0.5-x)Mn_(1.5+x)O_(4)(LNMO)cathode high-temperature-shock lithium-ion batteries

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Effect of strain on structure and electronic properties of monolayer C_(4)N_(4)

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 595-600页

作者：陈昊徐瑛赵家石周丹 school of Physics Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022China school of Computer science and Technology Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022China

The first-principles calculations are performed to examine structural,mechanical,and electronic properties at large strain for a monolayer C_(4)N_(4),which has been predicted as an anchoring promising material to attenuate shuttle effect in Li–S batteries stemming from its large absorption energy and low diffusion energy *** results show that the ideal strengths of C_(4)N_(4)under tension and pure shear deformation conditions reach 13.9 GPa and 12.5 GPa when the strains are 0.07 and 0.28,*** folded five-membered rings and diverse bonding modes between carbon and nitrogen atoms enhance the ability to resist plastic deformation of C_(4)N_(4).The orderly bond-rearranging behaviors under the weak tensile loading path along the[100]direction cause the impressive semiconductor–metal transition and inverse semiconductor–metal *** present results enrich the knowledge of the structure and electronic properties of C_(4)N_(4)under deformations and shed light on exploring other two-dimensional materials under diverse loading conditions.

关键词： two-dimensional materials strain effect structural evolution electronic properties

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Surface engineering on MnO2 nanorods by La single atoms to accelerate oxygen reduction kinetics

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4302-4311页

作者： Zhang-Long He Liu-Qi Wang Min Jiang Jia-Nan Xie Shan Liu Jin-Can Ren Rui Sun Wen-Bin Lv Wei-Bin Guo Yu-Ling Liu Bing Li Qi Liu Hao He school of Materials science and Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology school of Materials science and Engineering NanjingUniversity of Science and Technology school of Materials science and Engineering Shanghai JiaoTong University Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong

Surface engineering,which modulates the electronic structure and adsorption/desorption properties of electrocatalysts,is one of the key strategies for improving the catalytic ***,we demonstrate a facile solid-phase reaction for surface engineering of MnO2to boost the oxygen reduction *** reaction with surface hydroxy groups,La single atoms with loading amount up to 2.7 wt%are anchored onto *** surface engineering,the oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） kinetics is significantly improved with the half-wave potential from 0.70 to 0.84 V,the number of transferred electrons from 2.5 to 3.9 and the limiting current density from 4.8 to 6.0 mA·*** addition,the catalyst delivers superior discharge performance in both alkaline and neutral metal–air *** functional theory （DFT） calculations reveal that atomic La modulates the surface electronic configuration of MnO2,reduces its d-band center and thus lowers the OOH*and O*reaction energy *** work provides a new route for rational design of highly active electrocatalyst and holds great potential for application in various catalytic reactions.

关键词： Electron injection Metal–air batteries Oxygen reduction reaction Single atoms Surface engineering

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