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Changing Concepts of City and Urban Planning Practices in Guangzhou(1949–2010): An Approach to sustainable Urban development

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Chinese Geographical Science 2014年第5期24卷 607-619页

作者： XUE Desheng HUANG Gengzhi GUAN Jingwen LIN Jiarong school of geography and Planning Sun Yat-sen University

By focusing on Guangzhou, this paper examines how different concepts of city in terms of urban-rural relationships are shaped in transforming China since 1949, and explores how they influence the way in which urban planning are practiced. In the pre-reform era, the city was defined as a productive space under the system of urban-rural segregation established for securing rapid industrialization. Urban planning was thus only concerned with the development of urban areas. In the 1980 s and 1990 s after the reform, institutional change and economic transformation mobilized the urban-rural linkages. The development of suburban areas was then considered by urban planning, but this consideration was a passive response to urban problems such as population explosion and water resources protection. Since the new millennium, the agenda for sustainable development and problems of uneven urban-rural development have called for the development of urban-rural integration. In this context, the city is conceptualized as a complex of mountain, city, river, farmland and sea, reconstructing the ideology of urban-rural division in defining urban development. Urban planning has therefore sought in an active way to develop a sustainable city embracing rural and natural elements, and to balance economic growth and environmental protection. It is argued that developing the concept of city as a complex of urban and rural elements contributes to the urban planning for sustainable urban development, while this conceptualization relies on the recognition of the integrated urban-rural relationship.

关键词： urban-rural relationship concept of city urban planning sustainable urban development Guangzhou

Exploring point zero:a study of 20 Chinese cities

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2020年第3期23卷 258-272,I0006页

作者： Qi Zhou Mingjian Zhai Wenhao Yu school of geography and Information Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhanChina

A point zero represents a central geographical location of a city,which is essential for not only measuring distances,but also understanding the historical and/or cultural origin of a *** extensive studies have focused on delineating city centers,to our knowledge,no studies have paid attention to determining the location for a point ***,our goal is to investigate various potential approaches for identifying such a ***,three typical approaches,geometric-based,topological-based,and thematic-based,are proposed to recommend point zeros and different scales,administrative divisions,kernel density sur-faces,and regions enclosed by ring roads are used for *** effectiveness of different approaches and scales are evaluated and compared by calculating an offset distance between recommended and actual point zero locations in 20 Chinese *** the different approaches,the average offset distance for most Chinese cities is 2-4 km,and the thematicbased approach performs *** the topological-based and thematic-based approaches are less sensitive to the analyzed scale than the geometric-based *** results indicate that it is possible to determine the approximate location for a point zero from geographical *** on the buffer zone of such a location,an actual point zero may further be recommended.

关键词： Point zero city center geographical data Chinese cities

A Systematic Study of Disaster Risk in Brunei Darussalam and Options for Vulnerability-Based Disaster Risk Reduction

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第2期8卷 208-223页

作者： Anthony Banyouko Ndah John Onu Odihi Environmental Studies Program Department of Geography and DevelopmentFaculty of Arts and Social ScienceUniversiti Brunei Darussalam Faculty of Social Sciences Department of GeographyUniversity of Maiduguri

This systematic study of disaster risk and disaster management efforts in Brunei Darussalam uncovers the reasons why floods and landslides in particular continue to inflict significant social,economic,and psychological *** to the impacts of hydro-meteorological hazards continue to rise despite international awareness and improved disaster governance and information,and regardless of the vast financial and material resources spent on structural and nonstructural measures for disaster relief and community *** premise is that,a poor diagnosis of the disaster risk issue is at the root of the disaster risk dilemma in Brunei *** conducted our vulnerability-centered disaster risk assessment based largely on the Pressure and Release(PAR) Model proposed by Wisner et *** research results reveal that:(1)Hazard-risk in Brunei is high due to the impact of global climate change,the country's local geography,and Brunei's relative location in the Asia–Pacific *** reporting of localized disasters to international databases however fuels the misperception of low disaster risk in Brunei;(2) High community vulnerability and disaster risk is due to limited knowledge,awareness,and motivation among the general population,which prevents effective mitigation and adaptation to low magnitude but recurrent hazardous events;and(3) Partial incorporation of disasterrisk reduction into governance structures and development plans contributes to heightened disaster *** frameworks are proposed that can minimize social vulnerability,reduce disaster risk,and enhance community resilience and adaptive capacity as part of a strengthened governance *** with improvements in preparedness,response,recovery,and reconstruction promoted by the National Disaster Management Centre(NDMC),vulnerability and disaster risk can be minimized,and a more inclusive and sustainable growth can be generated.

关键词： Brunei Darussalam Community vulnerability Disaster risk reduction Pressure and Release Model(PAR)

A novel unsupervised deep learning method for the generalization of urban form

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2022年第4期25卷 568-587页

作者： Jihong Cai Yimin Chen school of geography and Planning Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

Accurate delineation of urban form is essential to understand the impacts that urbanization has on the environment and regional *** supervised classification of urban form requires a rigidly defined scheme and high-quality sample data with class *** to the complexity of urban systems,it is challenging to consistently define urban form types and collect metadata to describe ***,in this study,we propose a novel unsupervised deep learning method for urban form delineation while avoiding the limitations of conventional super-vised urban form classification *** novelty of the proposed method is the Multiscale Residual Convolutional Autoencoder(MRCAE),which can learn the latent representation of differ-ent urban form *** vectors can be further used to generalize urban form types by using Self-Organizing Map(SOM)and the Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM).The proposed method is applied in the metropolitan area of Guangzhou-Foshan,*** MRCAE model along with SOM and GMM is used to generalize the urban form types from satellite *** physical and functional properties of each urban form type are also analyzed using several auxiliary datasets,including building footprints,Points-of-Interests(POIs)and Tencent User Density(TUD)*** results reveal that the urban form map generated based on the MRCAE can explain 55%of the building height distribution and 55%of the building area distribution,which are 2.1%and 3.3%higher than those derived from the conventional convolutional *** the information of urban form is essential to urban climate models,the results presented in this study can become a basis to refine the quantification of urban climate parameters,thereby introducing the urban heterogeneity to help understand the climate response of future urbanization.

关键词： Convolutional autoencoder Self-Organizing Map(SOM) Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM) urban form clustering

Quantitative analysis of the impact of droughts and floods on internal wars in China over the last 500 years

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第12期60卷 2078-2088页

作者： Harry F.LEE David D.ZHANG PEI Qing JIA Xin Ricci P.H.YUE Department of geography and International Center for China development Studies The University of Hong Kong school of Geographical Sciences Guangzhou University Department of Social Sciences The Education University of Hong Kong school of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University

Although many large-N quantitative studies have evidenced the adverse effects of climatic extremes on social stability in China during the historical period, most of them rely on temperature and precipitation as major explanatory variables, while the influence of floods and droughts on social crises is rarely measured. Furthermore, a comparison of the climate-society nexus among different geographic regions and at different temporal scales is missing in those studies. To address this knowledge gap,this study examines quantitatively the influence of floods and droughts on internal wars in three agro-ecological(rice, wheat,and pastoral) regions in China in AD1470–1911. Poisson regression and wavelet transform coherence analyses are applied to allow for the non-linear and non-stationary nature of the climate-war nexus. Results show that floods and droughts are significant in driving internal wars in historical China, but are characterized by strong regional variation. In the rice region, floods trigger internal wars at the inter-annual and multi-decadal time scales. In the wheat region, both floods and droughts cause internal wars at the inter-annual and multi-decadal time scales. In the pastoral region, internal wars are associated with floods only at the multi-decadal time scale. In addition, the multi-decadal coherence between hydro-climatic extremes and internal wars in all three of the agro-ecological regions is only significant in periods in which population density is increasing or the upper limit of regional carrying capacity is being reached. The above results imply that the climate-war nexus is mediated by regional geographic factors such as physical environmental setting and population pressure. Hence, we encourage researchers who study the historical human-climate relationship to boil down data according to geographic regions in the course of statistical analysis and to examine each region individually in follow-up studies.

关键词： Floods and droughts Climatic extremes Internal wars Wars Social stability Ming-Qing period

Dual modulation of homogeneous nanomaterialization and electrochemical activation enhancing zinc ion storage

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第01期 385-393页

作者： Jianwei Wang Huan Wang Kangning Wang Wenhui Wang Wenlin Zhang Yanzhong Zhen school of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Yan'an University

Vanadium-based electrode materials are widely investigated,but the low specific capacity and slow electrochemical kinetics in aqueous zinc-ion batteries still limit their commercial ***,the VS2/Ca V4O9material with the morphology of nanoflower was synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal *** to the blocky structure of pure VS2material,the VS2/Ca V4O9material is composed of thinner homogeneous *** open structures could provide abundant electrochemical active sites and ion transport channels,and then promote the electrochemical reaction *** addition,they can also buffer the bulk strain during the reaction *** improve the utilization of vanadium elements,an in-situ electrochemical activation strategy is used to explore the storage performance of the VS2/Ca V4O9material,the different activation voltage range of 0.4–1.6 and 0.4–1.4 V are selected,*** with the longer activation plateau of activated-VS2,the VS2/Ca V4O9cathode could quickly reach the activation state in the range of 1.4–1.6 V and cause the release of additional Zn storage sites *** VS2/Ca V4O9cathode delivers a higher power density of 37,000 W kg-1and a significant energy density of 423 Wh *** the high current density of 15 A g-1,the VS2/Ca V4O9cathode still has a discharge capacity of 183.9m Ah g-1after 5,000 cycles,and the capacity decay rate per cycle is only 0.0042%.Continuous cyclic voltammetry （CV） curves,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） measurements,density functional theory （DFT） calculation and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique （GITT） measurements demonstrate that the VS2/Ca V4O9cathode has a faster ion diffusion/charge transfer ***,the assembled flexible device has an excellent mechanical stability.

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Land cover change and eco-environmental quality response of different geomorphic units on the Chinese Loess Plateau

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第1期12卷 29-43页

作者： SONG Yongyong XUE Dongqian DAI Lanhai WANG Pengtao HUANG Xiaogang XIA Siyou school of geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710119China school of Tourism&Research Institute of Human geography Xi'an International Studies UniversityXi'an 710128China school of geography Science Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

Land cover in the Chinese Loess Plateau has undergone dramatic changes since the late *** the trend in land cover change and eco-environmental quality response of different geomorphic units in this stage is a realistic requirement for promoting sustainable development of the Chinese Loess *** on the data of geomorphic units and land cover in 1990,2000,2010 and 2018 of the Chinese Loess Plateau,we studied the trend of land cover change and eco-environmental quality response of different geomorphic units by using a significance index of land cover change,a proportion index of land cover change and an eco-environmental response *** results indicated that from 1990 to 2018,the areas of forestland and construction land substantially increased,whereas those of cropland,grassland,wetland and unused land considerably *** cover change exhibited large geomorphic differences,and the main conversion of land cover was from cropland into other land *** trend of land cover change in the loess tablelands and sandy loess hills declined,whereas the unstable trends in the other geomorphic units ***-environmental quality varied among different geomorphic *** expansion of construction land and degradation of forestland,grassland and wetland resulted in the deterioration of eco-environmental *** conversion of cropland and unused land into forestland and grassland,and the conversion of grassland into forestland were the main factors that drove the improvement of eco-environmental *** findings of this study may provide theoretical reference and support decision making for the optimization of land use structure and the improvement of eco-environmental quality on the Chinese Loess Plateau.

关键词： cropland degradation eco-environmental quality index grassland human activity unused land relative ecological value

development versus conservation: evaluation of landscape structure changes in Dem?novská Valley, Slovakia

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第6期15卷 1153-1170页

作者： KRTICKA Luděk TOMCíKOVá Ivana RAKYTOVá Iveta Department of Human geography and Regional development Faculty of Science University ofOstrava Ostrava Czech Republic Institute of geography Slovak Academy of Sciences 81473 Bratislava Slovakia Department of geography Faculty of Education Catholic University in Ruzomberok o34oi Ruzomberok Slovakia 1 Department of Human Geography and Regional Development Faculty of Science University ofOstrava Ostrava Czech Republic

This paper presents the changes of landscape structure in the Demanovská Valley which ranks among the most valuable protected areas of Slovakia. The area was selected on the basis of changes associated with the rapidly growing tourism industry and the rise of an important destination in the center of Low Tatras National Park, Slovakia. To document any changes, we visually interpreted data from aerial and satellite images in three periods（1949, 2007 and 2013） and for predicting future changes we used land use planning documentation. Interpreted data were analyzed using overlay analysis and landscape metrics. Results showed extensive changes in the landscape structure mainly connected with the development of tourism infrastructure. We also identified long-term changes whose causes stem from the transformation of society and forest management in the past. The dynamics and extent of these changes may increase in the future. We propose to stop future development of ski slopes and expansion of related infrastructure, to focus on sustainability and environmentally friendly operation of the existing ski resort and to invest a substantial portion of profits to support projects aimed to preserve surrounding lands and wildlife.

关键词： Landscape structure changes Landscapemetrics Demanovská Valley Low Tatras NationalPark Tourism infrastructure

Scenario Prediction and Analysis of Urban Growth Using SLEUTH Model

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Pedosphere 2012年第2期22卷 206-216页

作者： FENG Hui-Hui LIU Hui-Ping LU Ying school of geography Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875(China)

Scenario prediction was introduced to better understand urban dynamics and to support urban planning. Taking the Dongguan central urban area of the Pearl River Delta, China as an example, three urban development scenarios, historical trend (HT) scenario, forest protection (FP) scenario, and growth restriction (GR) scenario, were designed and transplanted into the SLEUTH model through the parameter self-modification method. The quantitative analysis results showed that the urban area would expand continuously from 2003 to 2030 under the HT scenario. More land resources would be saved under the GR scenario than FP scenario. Furthermore, the urban growth under the HT and FP scenarios would come to a steady state by 2020, while this deadline of the GR scenario would be postponed to 2025. The spatial pattern analysis using five spatial metrics, class area, number of patches, largest patch index, edge density, and contagion index, showed that under all the scenarios, the urban patches would become bigger and the form would become more compact, and the urban form under the GR scenario would be the smallest and most heterogeneous. These demonstrated that the GR scenario was more effective in meeting the goal of land protection and sustainable development for the study area.

关键词： central urban area land protection land resources spatial metrics sustainable development