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Polarization-encoded neural networks with simplified grating patch

Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Chengyan ZHONG Xiang WANG Lingfei LI Yuanchi CUI Lei XIAO Dawei SONG Junxiong GUO Wen HUANG Yufeng GUO Yu LIU College of Integrated Circuit Science and engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications National and Local Joint engineering Laboratory of RF Integration and Micro-Assembly Technology College of Integrated Circuits Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre Zhejiang University Nanjing Mumusili Technology Co. LTD school of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua University Institute of Advanced Study School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Chengdu University State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Integrated Circuit Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Optical neural networks (ONNs) offer a promising solution for high-performance, energy-efficient artificial intelligence hardware by leveraging the parallelism and speed of light. However, the large-scale implementation of ONNs remains challenging due to the bulky footprint and complex control of optical synapses. In this work, we propose and simulate a plasmonic polarized synaptic architecture that overcomes the diffraction limit and enables ultra-compact ONNs. By tuning the polarization state of incident light, the optical transmittance through each plasmonic unit can be dynamically adjusted to represent a synaptic weight. Our plasmonic structures, with features as small as 40 nm, operate well below this limit in the visible spectrum (400–750 nm). Compared with diffraction and interference-based circuit designs, our proposed method achieves a substantial reduction in synaptic density by factors of 150000-fold and 1500-fold, respectively. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrate a proof-of-concept plasmonic ONN applied to the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research—10classes (CIFAR-10) dataset using a Visual Geometry Group network with 16 layers (VGG16) model. After training for 80epochs, the network achieves an accuracy of 93%. The polarization-tunable plasmonics paves the way towards scalable ONNs for next-generation artificial intelligence (AI) accelerators and smart sensors.

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Alkaline leaching mechanism of MSWI bottom ash: the pivotal role of Si(Al) chemical bonding environments

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Ningning SHAO Zekun JIAO Weipeng FENG Yu JIN Fanlong KONG Zhijun DONG Zuotai ZHANG Institute of Technology for Marine Civil engineering Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology (SZIIT) Guizhou NASH Ecological Technology Co. LTD school of Environmental Science and engineering Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)

Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash(MSWIBA) is a complex assemblage of aluminosilicate materials encompassing diverse solid wastes. Thus, its complexity poses great challenges to their resource utilization. For the sake of the alkali activation use of MSWIBA, this work focused on the characterizations and alkaline leaching experiments of various classified MSWIBA after sorting. Among the different categories of MSWIBA, waste glass(BA-G) and other unidentified slags(BA-O) were identified as potential precursors for alkali activation use. The alkaline leaching experiments proved that alkaline concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time, and raw material classification influenced the leaching process and results. Among these, the Si/Al chemical bonding environments from the material type played a pivotal role. When the materials had Qn(n>2) as the primary bonding structure, steric hindrance by the chain frameworks affected the alkali dissolution process, resulting in gradual disintegration from the outer layers inward. For the materials dominated by Q1frameworks, OH-could penetrate the frameworks, leading to their rapid depolymerization and outward dissolution. Overall, the Si/Al bonding environment played a crucial role in alkaline dissolution, providing theoretical guidance for classifying the alkali-activation utilization of MSWIBA and other aluminosilicate solid wastes.

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PS-CoT-Adapter: adapting plan-and-solve chain-of-thought for ScienceQA

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Science China(information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 392-393页

作者： Qun LI Haixin SUN Fu XIAO Yiming WANG Xinping GAO Bir BHANU school of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Purple Mountain Laboratories Department of Electrical and Computer engineering University of California at Riverside

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable performance in a variety of natural language processing (NLP) *** further explore LLMs'reasoning abilities in solving complex problems,recent research [1-3]has investigated chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning in complex multimodal scenarios,such as science question answering (ScienceQA) tasks [4],by fine-tuning multimodal models through human-annotated CoT ***,collected CoT rationales often miss the necessary rea-soning steps and specific expertise.

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Aligning enhanced feature representation for generalized zero-shot learning

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Science China(information Sciences) 2025年

作者： Zhiyu FANG Xiaobin ZHU Chun YANG Hongyang ZHOU Jingyan QIN Xucheng YIN school of Computer&Communication engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

Abstract Constructing an effective common latent embedding by aligning the latent spaces of cross-modal variational autoencoders （VAEs） is a popular strategy for generalized zero-shot learning （GZSL）.However,due to the lack of fine-grained instance-wise annotations,existing VAE methods can easily suffer from the posterior collapse *** this paper,we propose an innovative asymmetric VAE network by aligning enhanced feature representation （AEFR） for *** from general VAE structures,we designed two asymmetric encoders for visual and semantic observations and one decoder for visual ***,we propose a simple yet effective gated attention mechanism （GAM） in the visual encoder for enhancing the information interaction between observations and latent variables,alleviating the possible posterior collapse problem *** addition,we propose a novel distributional decoupling-based contrastive learning （D2-CL） to guide learning classification-relevant information while aligning the representations at the taxonomy level in the latent representation *** experiments on publicly available datasets demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of our *** source code is available at https://***/seeyourmind/AEFR.

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A Conformal Conical Archimedean Spiral Antenna for UWB Communications

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Chinese Journal of electronics 2015年第2期24卷 402-407页

作者： SONG Lizhong FANG Qingyuan school of electronics and information engineering Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai school of electronics and information engineering Harbin Institute of Technology

In this paper, a wide-band miniaturized Conformal conical Archimedean spiral(CCARS) antenna is proposed for Ultra wideband(UWB) *** CCARS antenna utilizes the vertical space instead of horizontal space significantly saving the antenna installation space. We investigate the transformation from Planar Archimedean spiral(PARS) antenna to the CCARS antenna and the antenna miniaturization technique. Due to the using of flexible dielectric substrate, the PARS antenna can be bent freely, which assures the transformation from the PARS antenna to the CCARS antenna. To realize antenna miniaturization, zigzag shape arms are applied to the PARS antenna. Moreover, the CCARS antenna has good unidirectional radiation property that avoids the using of traditional absorber-loaded back cavity. The measured results of antenna prototype indicate that the Voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR) is below 2 over the frequency range from 1.3GHz to 9GHz. The antenna gain is higher than3.4d Bi and the Front to back(F/B) ratio is better than20 d B from 2GHz to 7GHz. In addition, good radiation patterns and broad 3d B beam width are also available for the CCARS antenna.

关键词： Ultra wideband(UWB) communications Conformal antenna Miniaturized antenna Archimedean spiral antenna Microstrip tapered Balun

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CableSAM:an efficient automatic segmentation method for aircraft cabin cables

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第3期21卷 183-187页

作者： LING Aihua WANG Junwen LU Jiaming LIU Ruyu Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co. Ltd. school of Computer Science and engineering Tianjin University of Technology school of information Science and Technology Hangzhou Normal University

Cabin cables,as critical components of an aircraft's electrical system,significantly impact the operational efficiency and safety of the *** existing cable segmentation methods in civil aviation cabins are limited,especially in automation,heavily dependent on large amounts of data and resources,lacking the flexibility to adapt to different *** address these challenges,this paper introduces a novel image segmentation model,CableSAM,specifically designed for automated segmentation of cabin *** improves segmentation efficiency and accuracy using knowledge distillation and employs a context ensemble *** accurately segments cables in various scenarios with minimal input *** experiments on three cable datasets demonstrate that CableSAM surpasses other advanced cable segmentation methods in performance.

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Post-tunable salt gel electrolytes toward flexible supercapacitor switches

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 114-124页

作者： Hui Wang Shuang Chen Xuming Liu Qin Zhang Xin Liu Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory School of Chemistry and Life Science and Advanced Institute of Materials Science Changchun University of Technology Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science Changchun University of Technology

Convertible hydrogel supercapacitors have emerged as promising energy storage devices in switches,diodes, and transistors. However, inherent weaknesses in ionic conductivity, mechanical properties,and water retention of hydrogel electrolytes seriously hinder their development. Inspired by the hardness conversion of sea cucumber skin, a conductivity and mechanics dual-tunable salt gel electrolyte is successfully designed. The salt gel presents a reversible switching of conductors-insulators and a mechanical regulation between softness and hardness via the dissolution-crystallization transition of sodium acetate trihydrate（SAT）. Meanwhile, the salt gels spontaneously grow a layer of “armor” through saturated phase-change salt crystals effectively reducing water evaporation of hydrogel ***, this phase-change soft-rigid conversion strategy will expand the capabilities of gel-based flexible supercapacitors(area capacitance: 258.6 mF cm-2), and the capacitance retention rate could still reach 86.9% after 3000 cycles at high temperatures. Moreover, the salt gel supercapacitor is potentially used in over-heat alarm systems. It is anticipated that the strategy of conductivity and mechanics of dual-tunable salt gel would provide a new perspective on the development of energy storage devices,wearable electronics, and flexible robots.

关键词： Capacitance

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Exit options sustain altruistic punishment and decrease the second-order free-riders, but it is not a panacea

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Science China(information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 278-291页

作者： Chen SHEN Zhao SONG Lei SHI Jun TANIMOTO Zhen WANG Faculty of engineering Sciences Kyushu University school of Statistics and Mathematics Yunnan University of Finance and Economics school of Computing Engineering and Digital Technologies Teesside University school of Artificial Intelligence OPtics and Electro Nics (iOPEN) Northwestern Polytechnical University

Why do humans punish free riders at their own expense? This behavior represents an evolutionary puzzle in human societies. This study explores the role of exit strategies in fostering altruistic punishment within evolutionary game theory. We extend the traditional prisoner's dilemma model by incorporating exiters, players who opt out for a small payoff while nullifying their opponent's payoff, and altruistic punishers who cooperate and punish non-cooperators. Our findings indicate that in well-mixed populations, exiters destabilize defection but do not promote altruistic punishment. In social networks, however,exiters enable altruistic punishment via cyclic dominance among altruistic punishers, defectors, and exiters. Notably, this cyclic dominance is sensitive to exit payoffs; adjustments can lead to cyclic dominance of non-punishing cooperators, defectors, and exiters, or to a bi-stable state between these two types of cyclic dominance. These results highlight the nuanced impact of exiters on altruistic punishment, emphasizing the need for careful incentivization of exit behavior. While exiters can support altruistic punishment in networked populations, their effectiveness is not a panacea and is highly sensitive to exit payoffs, indicating limits to the voluntary participation mechanism.

关键词： evolutionary game theory altruistic punishment coexistence cyclic dominance bi-stable

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A distributed localization in wireless sensor networks utilizing AOD estimation and synthetical uniform circular array

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Science China(information Sciences) 2015年第6期58卷 105-115页

作者： LI Bin WANG WenJie YIN QinYe school of electronics and information Northwestern Polytechnical University school of electronics and information engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

The localization of wireless sensor nodes is one of the key technologies in wireless sensor networks(WSN). Recently, a distributed localization method has been proposed based on a novel concept of angle of departure(AOD) estimation, which can be employed by e.g., the single antenna sensors to estimate the angle information and achieve localization. Based on the AOD estimation, in this paper, we introduce a synthetic uniform circular array(SUCA) synthesized by a rotary antenna on anchor to get the distributed localization of the sensors in multi-path environments. The rotated operation of antenna could create the SUCA with a larger aperture to deal with AOD of multipath components(MPCs) and relax the condition that array aperture should be greater than the number of MPCs. This new localization method only relies on radio transceivers without requiring extra measuring equipments, and the sensor nodes conduct localization in a completely distributed manner instead of centralized processing, which is suitable for large-scale WSN. Meanwhile, the influence of carrier frequency offset(CFO) between the transceivers is also considered and it is eliminated by utilizing the signal emitted from an auxiliary antenna.

关键词： WSN nodes localization AOD multi-path channel rotary antenna SUCA

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Angular glint calculation and analysis of radar targets via adaptive cross approximation algorithm

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Journal of Systems engineering and electronics 2014年第3期25卷 411-421页

作者： Miao Sui Xiaojian Xu school of electronics and information engineering Beihang University

Angular glint is a significant electromagnetic （EM） scattering signature of extended radar targets. Based on the adaptive cross approximation （ACA） algorithm accelerated method of moments （MoM） and the plane incident wave assumption, the narrowband, wideband and newly developed high-resolution range profile （HRRP） based angular glint calculation formulations are derived and applied to arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional （3D） perfectly electrical y conducting （PEC） objects. In addition, the near-field angular glint is emphasized, which is of great importance for radarseeker applications. Furthermore, with the HRRP based angular glint, an approach to rigorously determine range resolution cel s which own relatively smal er angular glint is provided. Numerical results are presented with new findings to demonstrate the usefulness of the developed formulations.

关键词： electromagnetic (EM) scattering radar signature,near-field multistatic scattering.

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