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The composition of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids and their related metal mineralization

science China earth sciences 2025年第1期68卷 208-225页

作者： Qihai SHU Jun DENG State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences and ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China Frontiers science Center for Deep-time Digital earth China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China

Magmatic hydrothermal deposits are important sources of many bulk,precious,and rare metals,and have attracted interest from both academic and industrial ***,it is still unclear if the major enrichment of the ore-forming metals occurs in the parental magma source region,during the magma evolution,or after the fluid *** inclusions trapped in hydrothermal minerals crystallized in the early,high-temperature stage before metal precipitation record information close to that of the initially exsolved magmatic fluids,which are helpful in revealing whether the metals have been already significantly enriched prior to the hydrothermal *** this study,available compositional data of such early-stage fluid inclusions from magmatic hydrothermal systems globally have been *** results indicate that the concentrations of Cu,Sn,and W respectively from the Cu-,Sn-,and W-mineralized fluids are significantly higher than the hydrothermal systems that do not produce ores with the corresponding *** suggests that Cu,Sn,and W could have already been enriched in the magma source and/or magma evolution *** Mo concentrations show no difference between Mo-mineralized and Mobarren fluid systems,indicating no significant pre-enrichment in the source region or during the magma *** also implies that an efficient collection of Mo from a large volume of magmas is required to account for the formation of a large Mo *** all the hydrothermal fluids contain high concentrations of Fe and Zn-Pb,but only a few of them eventually form Fe or Zn-Pb deposits,reflecting an important role of the hydrothermal evolution process on the selective metal *** above results indicate that different metals are enriched in different stages of a magmatic hydrothermal system,and that the major roles played in the formation of a deposit vary with the metal *** addition to the metal concentrations in the orerelated magmas and fluids

关键词： Magmatic hydrothermal deposits Fluid inclusions LA-ICP-MS Metal enrichment Mineralization mechanism

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Interface compatibility between sulfide solid electrolytes and Ni-rich oxide cathode materials:Factors,modification,perspectives

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 233-262页

作者： Tianwen Yang Haijuan Pei Haijian Lv Shijie Lu Qi Liu Daobin Mu Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental science and engineering School of Materials Science an Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources

All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs) assembled with sulfide solid electrolytes(SSEs) and nickel(Ni)-rich oxide cathode materials are expected to achieve high energy density and safety,representing potential candidates for the next-generation energy storage ***,interfacial issues between SSEs and Nirich oxide cathode materials,attributed to space charge layer,interfacial side reactions,and mechanical contact failure,significantly restrict the performances of *** interface degradation is closely related to the components of the composite cathode and the process of electrode *** on the influencing factors of interface compatibility between SSEs and Ni-rich oxide cathode,this article systematically discusses how cathode active materials(CAMs),electrolytes,conductive additives,binders,and electrode fabrication impact the interface *** addition,the strategies for the compatibility modification are ***,the challenges and prospects of intensive research on the degradation and modification of the SSE/Ni-rich cathode material interface are *** review is intended to inspire the development of high-energy-density and high-safety all-solid-state batteries.

关键词： All–solid–state batteries Influencing factors Interface compatibility Ni–rich oxide cathode Sulfide solid electrolyte

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Distributed Observer for Full-Measured Nonlinear Systems Based on Knowledge of FMCF

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 69-85页

作者： Haotian Xu Shuai Liu Yueyang Li Ke Li the school of Control science and engineering Shandong University and also with Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and System Control Ministry of Education IEEE the school of Electrical engineering University of Jinan

Driven by practical applications, the achievement of distributed observers for nonlinear systems has emerged as a crucial advancement in recent years. However, existing theoretical advancements face certain limitations: They either fail to address more complex nonlinear phenomena, rely on hard-to-verify assumptions, or encounter difficulties in solving system ***, this paper aims to address these challenges by investigating distributed observers for nonlinear systems through the full-measured canonical form(FMCF), which is inspired by full-measured system(FMS) theory. To begin with, this study addresses the fact that the FMCF can only be obtained through the observable canonical form(OCF) in existing FMS *** paper demonstrates that a class of nonlinear systems can directly obtain FMCF through state space equations, independent of OCF. Also, a general method for solving FMCF in such systems is provided. Furthermore, based on the FMCF, A distributed observer is developed for nonlinear systems under two scenarios: Lipschitz conditions and open-loop bounded *** paper establishes their asymptotic omniscience and demonstrates that the designed distributed observer in this study has fewer design parameters and is more convenient to construct than existing approaches. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed methods is validated through simulation results on Van der Pol oscillators and microgrid systems.

关键词： Distributed observer full-actuated system full-measured system (FMS) nonlinear observer sensor networks

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Dynamic modeling of a three-dimensional braided composite thin plate considering braiding directions

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 123-138页

作者： Chentong GAO Huiyu SUN Jianping GU W.M.HUANG College of Aerospace engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics school of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering Nanyang Technological University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Institute of Technology

Currently, there are a limited number of dynamic models available for braided composite plates with large overall motions, despite the incorporation of three-dimensional(3D) braided composites into rotating blade components. In this paper, a dynamic model of 3D 4-directional braided composite thin plates considering braiding directions is established. Based on Kirchhoff's plate assumptions, the displacement variables of the plate are expressed. By incorporating the braiding directions into the constitutive equation of the braided composites, the dynamic model of the plate considering braiding directions is obtained. The effects of the speeds, braiding directions, and braided angles on the responses of the plate with fixed-axis rotation and translational motion, respectively, are investigated. This paper presents a dynamic theory for calculating the deformation of 3D braided composite structures undergoing both translational and rotational motions. It also provides a simulation method for investigating the dynamic behavior of non-isotropic material plates in various applications.

关键词： braiding direction composite thin plate dynamic model large overall motion O313.7 three-dimensional (3D) braided composite

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Cooperative output regulation of heterogeneous directed multi-agent systems:a fully distributed model-free reinforcement learning framework

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 170-185页

作者： Xiongtao SHI Yanjie LI Chenglong DU Huiping LI Chaoyang CHEN Weihua GUI Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Morphing Mechanisms and Adaptive Robotics School of Mechanical Engineering and AutomationHarbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) school of Automation Central South University school of Marine science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical University school of Information and Electrical engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology

In this paper, the cooperative output regulation(COR) problem of a class of unknown heterogeneous multi-agent systems(MASs) with directed graphs is studied via a model-free reinforcement learning(RL) based fully distributed eventtriggered control(ETC) strategy. First, we consider the scenario that the exosystem is accessible globally to all agents, an internal model-based augmented algebraic Riccati equation(AARE) is constructed, and its solution is learned by the proposed model-free RL algorithm via online input-output data. Further, for the scenario that the exosystem is accessible only to its adjacent followers, the distributed observers are designed for each agent to get the state of the exosystem, and an internal modelbased fully distributed adaptive ETC protocol is then synthesized to construct the corresponding AARE, and the feedback gain matrix is learned in a model-free fashion. The model-free RL-based control protocol proposed in this paper can not only remove the prior knowledge of agents' dynamics, but also release the dependence on global information by the adaptive event-triggered mechanism(ETM) and the new graph-based Lyapunov function. Finally, simulation results are illustrated to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

关键词： model-free reinforcement learning unknown heterogeneous multi-agent systems fully distributed event-triggered control directed graph

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Paleomapping:Creating testable visual hypotheses of ancient worlds

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2025年第01期14卷 91-104页

作者： Holger Petermann Annaka M.Clement Patrick M.Sullivan Hannah M.Bonner James W.Hagadorn Department of earth and Space sciences Denver Museum of Nature & Science Colorado school of Mines Department of Geology and Geologic Engineering Division of Water Quality Utah Department of Environmental Quality

The story of the earth's changing landscapes is often told through paleogeographic maps. These images are some of the most accessible and widely used illustrations in the earth sciences. However, no formal procedure for the creation of photorealistic paleomaps(i.e., paleosatellite images) exists. Using an example from the Late Jurassic of the Rocky Mountain region, we present a method for making paleoenvironmental and paleosatellite maps that is scalable, reproducible, testable, and incorporates peer review. The process includes a literature review followed by data-visualization, paleoenvironmental interpretation, peer-review,iterative revisions, and the creation of a false contour map and color gradient used to render a paleosatellite image. Paleosatellite images are photorealistic versions of paleoenvironmental maps that incorporate global climatic and tectonic information as well as principles of actualism; they can be made through comparison to analogous modern landscapes. An important component of this process is that the data maps that ground this paleomapping process allow evaluation of where paleoenvironmental interpretations are wellsupported by outcrop and subsurface data, and where such visualization is highly interpretive-often because of lack of available rocks or studies in a given area. As such, our paleoenvironmental maps and paleosatellite images are testable pictorial hypotheses. By outlining a procedure that produces referenced,data-rich, and visually realistic maps, we hope to demystify the paleoenvironmental map-making process and improve accessibility of paleomaps for the broader geoscience community. Where resources and complementary data are available, such maps also have potential for georeferencing and integration with larger continent-scale paleogeographic maps.

关键词： Ancient landscapes Cartography Paleogeography Paleoenvironments Jurassic

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Advances in origin of high oxidation state of magmas associated with porphyry Cu-(Mo-Au) deposits

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science China earth sciences 2025年第3期68卷 953-956页

作者： Rui WANG Jingbo ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Frontiers Science Center for Deep-time Digital Earth Institute of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences school of earth sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences

1. Introduction Porphyry Cu-(Mo-Au) deposits, hereafter termed as porphyry Cu deposits, are typical magmatic-hydrothermal systems spatially and genetically associated with shallow,intermediate to felsic porphyritic intrusions. These deposits exhibit well-developed alteration zoning and are characterized by veinlet-disseminated mineralization.

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Privacy-preserving explainable AI: a survey

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 23-56页

作者： Thanh Tam NGUYEN Thanh Trung HUYNH Zhao REN Thanh Toan NGUYEN Phi Le NGUYEN Hongzhi YIN Quoc Viet Hung NGUYEN school of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University school of Computer and Communication sciences Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Faculty of Mathematics and Computer science University of Bremen Faculty of Information Technology HUTECH University Department of Computer science Hanoi University of Science and Technology school of Electrical engineering and Computer science The University of Queensland

As the adoption of explainable AI(XAI) continues to expand, the urgency to address its privacy implications intensifies. Despite a growing corpus of research in AI privacy and explainability, there is little attention on privacy-preserving model explanations. This article presents the first thorough survey about privacy attacks on model explanations and their countermeasures. Our contribution to this field comprises a thorough analysis of research papers with a connected taxonomy that facilitates the categorization of privacy attacks and countermeasures based on the targeted explanations. This work also includes an initial investigation into the causes of privacy leaks. Finally, we discuss unresolved issues and prospective research directions uncovered in our analysis. This survey aims to be a valuable resource for the research community and offers clear insights for those new to this domain. To support ongoing research, we have established an online resource repository, which will be continuously updated with new and relevant findings.

关键词： privacy-preserving explainable AI privacy attacks privacy defences PrivEx PPXAI

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Coordination Design of a Power-Assisted Ankle Exoskeleton Robot Based on Active-Passive Combined Drive

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(science) 2025年第1期30卷 197-208页

作者： HE Guisong HUANG Xuegong LI Feng school of Mechanical engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing219904China

With the continuous escalation of modern war,soldiers need to transport more combat materials to the combat *** limited load-bearing capacity of soldiers seriously restricts their carrying capacity and *** is urgent to develop a power-assisted exoskeleton robot suitable for individual *** the past,most power-assisted exoskeleton robots were driven by *** driving method has an excellent power-assisted effect,but the endurance is often *** view of this shortcoming,this study designed an ankle exoskeleton robot based on an active-passive combined drive through simulation analysis of human *** used OpenSim software to simulate and verify that the addition of spring could achieve a good *** the same time,according to the gait characteristics of the human body,the gait planning of an exoskeleton robot was carried ***,theoretical analysis explained that the cooperation among spring,motor and wearer could be realized in this ***,the assisting ability and driving coordination of the active-passive combination driven ankle exoskeleton robot were verified through experiments.

关键词： power assistance ankle joint active-passive combination combined drive gait planning

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Design and preparation of a sintered Nd-Y-Fe-B magnet with high magnetic properties via multi-main-phase process and subsequent grain boundary diffusion

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Journal of Rare earths 2025年第2期43卷 304-311,I0003页

作者： Fugang Chen Suxin Lu Jie Wang Yong Zhao Wenqiang Zhao Zhi Xu school of Materials science and engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang212100China Baotou Tianshi Rare earth New Materials Co. Ltd.Baotou014030China Jiangsu Yangzi Xinfu Shipbuilding Co. Ltd.Taixing225453China

A sintered Nd-Y-Fe-B magnet was designed and manufactured by the multi-main-phase *** distributed Y in the magnet decreases the adverse magnetic weakening effect of Y on the *** boundary diffusion process(GBDP)was conducted to further enhance the coercivity of the Nd-Y-Fe-B *** coercivity increases significantly from 884 to 1741 kA/m after GBDP with Pr_(60)Tb_(10)Cu_(30)*** mechanism of the coercivity enhancement is discussed based on the microstructure *** simulation reveals that when the diffused Tb-rich shell thickness is lower than 12 nm the c-plane shell(perpendicular to the c-axis)is much more effective in enhancing the coercivity than the side plane shell(parallel to the c-axis).But when the Tb-rich shell thickness is above12 nm the side plane shell contributes more to the coercivity *** results in this work can help to design and manufacture Nd-Fe-B magnets with low cost and high magnetic properties.

关键词： Rare earths Nd-Fe-B magnets Multi-main-phase process Grain boundary diffusion Micromagnetic simulation

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