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Complications of high myopia:An update from clinical manifestations to underlying mechanisms

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Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research 2024年第3期4卷 156-163页

作者： Yu Du Jiaqi Meng Wenwen He Jiao Qi Yi Lu Xiangjia Zhu eye institute and Department of Ophthalmology Eye&ENT HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related eye Diseases Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration ShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Background:High myopia is one of the major causes of visual impairment and has an ever-increasing prevalence,especially in East *** is characterized by excessive axial elongation,leading to various blinding complications that extend beyond mere refractive errors and persist immovably after refractive surgery,presenting substantial public health *** text:High myopia-related complications include lens pathologies,atrophic and tractional maculopathy,choroidal neovascularization,peripheral retinal degenerations and retinal detachment,and glaucoma and heightened susceptibility to intraocular pressure(IOP)*** lens changes characteristic of high myopia include early cataractogenesis,overgrowth of lens,weakened zonules,and postoperative capsular contraction syndrome,possibly driven by inflammatory pathogenesis,***-shaped macula and cilioretinal arteries are two newly identified protective factors for central vision of highly myopic *** patients also face risks of open-angle glaucoma and IOP spike following intraocular *** alternations of optic nerve in high myopia can complicate early glaucoma detection,necessitating comprehensive examinations and close ***,thinner trabecular meshwork increases this risk;conversely lamina cribrosa defects may offer a fluid outlet,potentially mitigating the ***,anxiety has emerged as the first recognized extra-ocular complication in high myopia,with an underlying inflammatory pathogenesis that connects visual stimulus,blood and ***:High myopia induces multiple ocular and potential mental health complications,underscoring the need to develop more effective strategies to improve both physical and emotional well-being of these patients,among which anti-inflammation might possibly represent a promising new target.

关键词： High myopia Cataract Myopic maculopathy Open-angle glaucoma Anxiety

Optimal transcorneal electrical stimulation parameters for preserving photoreceptors in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2543-2552页

作者： Sam Enayati Karen Chang Anton Lennikov Menglu Yang Cherin Lee Ajay Ashok Farris Elzaridi Christina Yen Kasim Gunes Jia Xie Kin-Sang Cho Tor Paaske Utheim Dong Feng Chen Schepens eye Research institute of Massachusetts eye and Ear Department of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA institute of clinical medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Biochemistry Oslo University HospitalUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Ophthalmology Drammen HospitalVestre Viken Hospital TrustDrammenNorway Department of Histology and Embryology School of MedicineMarmara UniversityIstanbulTurkiye

Retinitis pigmentosa is a hereditary retinal disease that affects rod and cone photoreceptors,leading to progressive photoreceptor *** research supports the beneficial effect of electrical stimulation on photoreceptor *** study aims to identify the most effective electrical stimulation parameters and functional advantages of transcorneal electrical stimulation(tcES)in mice affected by inherited retinal ***,the study seeked to analyze the electric field that reaches the retina in both eyes in mice and post-mortem *** this study,we recorded waveforms and voltages directed to the retina during transcorneal electrical stimulation in C57BL/6J mice using an intraocular needle probe with rectangular,sine,and ramp *** investigate the functional effects of electrical stimulation on photoreceptors,we used human retinal explant cultures and rhodopsin knockout(Rho^(-/-))mice,demonstrating progressive photoreceptor degeneration with *** retinal explants isolated from the donors’eyes were then subjected to electrical stimulation and cultured for 48 hours to simulate the neurodegenerative environment in *** density was evaluated by rhodopsin *** vivo Rho^(-/-)mice were subjected to two 5-day series of daily transcorneal electrical stimulation using rectangular and ramp *** function and visual perception of mice were evaluated by electroretinography and optomotor response(OMR),*** was used to assess the morphological and biochemical changes of the photoreceptor and bipolar cells in mouse *** recordings indicated effective delivery of rectangular,sine,and ramp waveforms to the retina by transcorneal electrical stimulation,of which the ramp waveform required the lowest *** of the total conductive resistance of the post-mortem human compared to the mouse eyes indicated higher cornea-to-retina resistance in human *** tem

关键词： bipolar cells electrical stimulation neuroprotection photoreceptor degeneration retina retinal explants retinitis pigmentosa transcorneal electrical stimulation waveform

A surgical alternative of fusiform penetrating keratoplasty for the management of severe infectious keratitis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1431-1436页

作者： Xiao-Lin Qi Li-Chao Wang Miao-Lin Wang Hua Gao eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University State Key Laboratory Cultivation BaseShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyShandong Eye InstituteShandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250021Shandong ProvinceChina

AIM:To describe the surgical procedure of fusiform penetrating keratoplasty(FPK)using multiple trephines of different sizes for treating patients with severe infectious ***:Fourteen eyes underwent FPK,and 15 eyes received conventional penetrating keratoplasty(PK)were included in the *** best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),refractive outcomes,endothelial cell density,and postoperative complications were ***:The FPK group was followed for an average of 15.3±2.1mo,whereas the PK group was followed for 16.1±*** corneal ulcers were elliptical-shaped in all 14 eyes in the FPK *** mean BCVA(logMAR,0.26±0.13)showed no statistically significant differences from that in the PK group(logMAR,0.21±0.12,P>0.05)at 1y after *** the mean curvature,mean astigmatism,and mean spherical equivalent in the FPK group were lower than those in the PK group(Peyes in the PK group,*** graft immune rejection or elevation of intraocular pressure was observed in the two ***:For patients with elliptical-shaped corneas or corneal ulcers,FPK can avoid disrupting of corneal limbus,reduce the risk of postoperative complications,and can result in satisfactory visual quality.

关键词： fusiform penetrating keratoplasty multiple trephines infectious keratitis cornea

PACK-CXL *** therapy for bacterial,fungal,and mixed infectious keratitis:a prospective randomized phase 3 trial

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eye and Vision 2024年第1期10卷 10-20页

作者： Farhad Hafezi Mohammed Hosny Rohit Shetty Boris Knyazer Shihao Chen Qinmei Wang Hassan Hashemi Emilio A.Torres‑Netto 无 Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine(CABMM) University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland ELZA institute DietikonSwitzerland. Faculty of Medicine University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Department of Ophthalmology Medical University of WenzhouWenzhouChina USC Roski eye institute University of Southern California Los AngelesLos AngelesUSA Department of Ophthalmology University of CairoCairoEgypt Narayana Nethralaya eye Hospital and the Postgraduate institute of Ophthal‑mology BangaloreIndia Department of Ophthalmology Soroka University Medical CenterBen-Gurion University of the NegevBeershebaIsrael Noor Ophthalmology Research Center Noor Eye HospitalTehranIran University Hospital Zurich ZurichSwitzerland. the PACK-CXL Working Group

Background:Infectious keratitis is a major cause of global *** tested whether standalone photoactivated chromophore corneal cross-linking(PACK-CXL)may be an efective frst-line treatment in early to moderate infectious keratitis,compared with standard antimicrobial ***:This is a randomized,controlled,multinational phase 3 clinical *** in fve centers in Egypt,India,Iran,Israel,and China,aged≥18 years,with infectious keratitis of presumed bacterial,fungal,or mixed origin,were randomly assigned(1:1)to PACK-CXL,or antimicrobial *** measures included healing,defned as time to re-epithelialization of the corneal epithelial defect in the absence of infammatory activity in the anterior chamber and clearance of stromal *** success was defned as the complete resolution of signs of ***:Between July 21,2016,and March 4,2020,participants were randomly assigned to receive PACK-CXL(n=18)or antimicrobial therapy per American Academy of Ophthalmology(AAO)guidelines(n=21).No participants were lost to *** eyes were excluded from the epithelialization time analysis due to treatment failure:two in the antimicrobial therapy group,and two in the PACK-CXL *** rates were 88.9%(16/18 patients)in the PACK-CXL group and 90.5%(19/21 patients)in the medication *** was no signifcant diference in time to complete corneal re-epithelialization(P=0.828)between both treatment ***:PACK-CXL may be an alternative to antimicrobial drugs for frst-line and standalone treatment of early to moderate infectious keratitis of bacterial or fungal origin.

关键词： Photoactivated chromophore Corneal cross-linking Infectious keratitis Corneal melting PACK-CXL

Application of total keratometry in ten intraocular lens power calculation formulas in highly myopic eyes

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eye and Vision 2024年第2期10卷 22-30页

作者： Ling Wei Kaiwen Cheng Wenwen He Xiangjia Zhu Yi Lu Department of Ophthalmology and eye institute Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031China Key Laboratory of Myopia(Fudan University)Key Laboratory of MyopiaShanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration National Health CommissionChinese Academy of Medical ScienceShanghai 200031China State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031China

Background:The accuracy of using total keratometry(TK)value in recent IOL power calculation formulas in highly myopic eyes remained ***:Highly myopic patients who underwent uneventful cataract surgery were prospectively enrolled in this prospective comparative *** one month postoperatively,standard deviation(SD)of the prediction errors(PEs),mean and median absolute error(MedAE)of 103 highly myopic eyes were back-calculated and compared among ten formulas,including XGboost,RBF 3.0,Kane,Barrett Universal II,Emmetropia Verifying Optical 2.0,Cooke K6,Haigis,SRK/T,and Wang-Koch modifications of Haigis and SRK/T formulas,using either TK or standard keratometry(K)***:In highly myopic eyes,despite good agreement between TK and K(P>0.05),larger differences between the two were associated with smaller central corneal thickness(P0.05),which both presented smaller MedAEs than others(all Peyes within±0.50 D or±0.75 D of PE,the XGBoost TK showed comparable percentages with the RBF 3.0 TK formula(74.76%vs.66.99%,or 90.29%vs.87.38%,P>0.05),and statistically larger percentages than the other eight formulas(Peyes with thinner corneas tend to have larger differences between TK and *** XGboost enhancement calculator and RBF 3.0 formula using TK showed the most promising outcomes in highly myopic eyes.

关键词： High myopia Total keratometry Cataract surgery IOL power calculation

Supramolecular assembly nanoparticle for trans-epithelial treatment of keratoconus

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第10期35卷 1-3页

作者： Wenlong Li Feishi Shan Qingdong Bao Qinghua Li Hua Gao Leyong Wang State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyEye Institute of Shandong First Medical UniversityQingdao266071China Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityJi'nan 250021China College of Ophthalmology Shandong First Medical UniversityJi'nan 250000China Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyEye Institute of Shandong First Medical UniversityQingdao 266071Chin eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University Ji'nan 250021China

Keratoconus is a clinically prevalent corneal ectasia,characterized by progressive thinning and conical protrusion of the central cornea[1].With an incidence rate of one in every 400 to 2000 individuals,it stands as a leading cause of blindness among the *** date,there are no pharmacological interventions available for the treatment of *** advanced cases culminating in blindness,corneal transplantation remains the only restorative ***,this surgical procedure carries risks of immune rejection and chronic graft failure.

关键词： corneal treatment graft

Trans-PRK for recurrent epithelial corneal erosion induced by cooking oil accidentally after EVO ICL

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第10期17卷 1953-1956页

作者： Yong Ma Wan-Ru Shi Ling-Ling Niu Pei-Jun Yao Xiao-Ying Wang Xing-Tao Zhou Jing Zhao eye institute and Department of Ophthalmology Eye&ENT HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200031China Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related eye Diseases NHCShanghai 200031China Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related eye Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai 200031China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care Shanghai 200031China Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry Shanghai 200031China

Dear Editor,We report a case with trans-photorefractive keratectomy(PRK)for recurrent epithelial corneal erosion caused by cooking oil after EVO-implantable contact lens(ICL)(EVO Visian ICL;STAAR Surgical AG,Switzerland),which should be distinguished from postoperative complications of *** corneal burns are classified as chemical and thermal burns,referring to direct contact injury to the cornea.

关键词： cooking erosion corneal

Treatment of lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma:a systematic review and Meta-analysis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 164-172页

作者： Hai-Han Yan Rui Liu Nan Wang Liang-Yuan Xu Qi-Han Guo Jing Li Jian-Min Ma Beijing institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren Eye CenterBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Ophthalmology&Visual Sciences Key LaboratoryBeijing 100730China

AIM:To evaluate lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma(LGACC)of prognosis in patients who underwent different treatment ***:We searched PubMed,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library for studies done on the treatment of LGACC,between January 1987 and April 2022.A Metaanalysis was conducted to pool the 5-year overall survival rate(OR),and the 5-year recurrence rate(RR)and 5-year metastasis rate(MR)were ***:The 30 studies involved 585 patients were included in the *** pooled 5-year OR with surgery alone was 50%,the 5-year RR was 63%,and the 5-year MR was 34%.The pooled 5-year OR with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy combined was 67%(95%CI 61%,73%),the 5-year RR was 41%,and the 5-year MR was 35%.The pooled 5-year OR with surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined was 72%(95%CI 59%,84%),the 5-year RR was 48%,and the 5-year MR was 36%.The pooled 5-year OR with surgery,intra-arterial cytoreductive chemotherapy,and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined was 78%(95%CI 68%,89%),the 5-year RR was 15%,and the 5-year MR was 27%.CONCLUSION:Comprehensive treatment is more effective than surgery *** combined with intraarterial chemotherapy and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy seems to add value to the therapeutic effect of comprehensive treatment of LGACC but further high-quality research is required to validate this.

关键词： adenoid cystic carcinoma lacrimal gland Meta-analysis

Targeting Nrf2 signaling in dry eye

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第10期17卷 1911-1920页

作者： Yu-Nuo Zhang Wei-Jie Ouyang Jiao-Yue Hu Zu-Guo Liu Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen eye Center Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceFujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative MedicineEye Institute of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South ChinaHengyang 421001Hunan ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005Fujian ProvinceChina

Dry eye,the most common ocular surface disease,can cause ocular surface tissue damage and discomfort symptoms and seriously affect people’s quality of *** etiology of dry eye is diverse,and its pathogenesis is *** oxidative stress reaction is considered to be among the important factors in the pathogenesis of dry ***,activating the antioxidant system has a potential therapeutic effect on dry *** factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signaling pathway is considered the most important antioxidant pathway in the *** activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway and its interaction with other pathways are important mechanisms to prevent the occurrence and development of dry *** review describes the structure and function of Nrf2,summarizes the changes in the oxidative stress response in dry eye,focuses on the potential mechanism of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in the treatment of dry eye,and,finally,summarizes the drugs that activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway in the treatment of dry eye.

关键词： nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 Keap1 dry eye oxidative stress