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ZnO/CeO_(2)/carbon xerogel composites with direct Z-scheme heterojunctions:Enhancing photocatalytic remediation of 4-chlorophenol under visible light

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 314-322,I0003页

作者： Nicolas Perciani de Moraes Maite Birkett de Campos Sanmartin Robson da Silva Rocha Abner de Siervo Marcos Roberto de Vasconcelos Lanza D.Amaranatha Reddy Lianqing Yu Liana Alvares Rodrigues Escola de Engenharia de Lorena-EEL/USP Estrada Municipal do Campinho S/NCEP 12602-810LorenaSao PauloBrazil institute of physics"Gleb Wataghin" Applied Physics DepartmentState University of Campinas13083-859CampinasSPBrazi Instituto de Quimica de sao carlos Universidade de Sao PauloAv.Trab.Sao Carlense400-Parque Arnold SchimidtSao CarlosSP13566-590Spain Department of Sciences Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and ManufacturingKurnoolAndhra Pradesh518007India School of Materials Science and Engineering China University of PetroleumQingdao266580China

This paper aims to create visible light driven ternary photocatalysts using zinc oxide(ZnO),cerium(IV)oxide(CeO_(2)),and carbon xerogel(CX) as constituent *** use of CeO_(2) is based on the creation of direct-Z-scheme heterojunctions with the ZnO and the consequent diminishing of charge recombination,whereas the carbon xerogel inclusion is predicted to minimize bandgap energy,decrease electro n-hole reco mbination,and boost specific surface *** re,the choice of the black-wattle tannin as a carbonaceous precursor was targeted at the development of an environmentally friendly and affordable *** existence of the hexagonal phase of zinc oxide and cubic structure of the cerium(IV) oxide in the ternary material was confirmed by X-ray diffractometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,with the latter also suggesting chemical bonding between the ZnO and the CX due to the creation of zinc oxycarbide *** inclusion of the carbon xerogel provokes a significant modification in the morphology of the ternary material,resulting in an increased surface area and smaller particle *** CX/ZnO-CeO_(2) ternary composite obtains the highest photocatalytic efficiency among all the materials studied,degrading 100% of 4-chlorophenol under simulated sunlight and 68% under visible radiation,after 5 *** increased photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the formation of direct Z-scheme heterojunctions between the semiconductors,higher visible light response,and higher specific surface area,as evidenced by the results obtained by active radical scavenging,chronoamperometry,diffuse reflectance spectroscopy,and N_(2) adsorption-desorption isotherms.

关键词： Zinc oxide Cerium(Ⅳ)oxide Carbon xerogel Photocatalysis Direct Z-scheme heterojunction 4-Chlorophenol Rare earths

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Quantum vortices get stretched

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第3期19卷 225-227页

作者： Emanuel A.L.Henn São carlos institute of physics University of São Paulo-PO Box 36913560-970São CarlosBrazil

Since its discovery, superfluidity [1,2] remains one of the most remarkable phenomena in quantum physics. The onset of the quantum regime in liquid helium is visually striking, when the fluid flows without dissipation or detaches from a rotating bucket, remaining still upon soft rotations. The same phenomenon is present in the context of ultracold bosonic quantum gases where, most of the time, superfluidity walks hand-in-hand with the transition to Bose−Einstein condensation [3].

关键词： quantum rotating rotation

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Unveiling the time-temperature dependence of metastability of supercooled liquid using nano-calorimetry

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 119-127页

作者： Yijun Ding Lijian Song Zheng Wang Ruiqi Yu Junqiang Wang Lina Hu Yuanzheng Yue Edgar D.Zanotto Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Shandong University Jinan 250061China Ningbo institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology Shandong University Jinan 250061 China Department of Chemistry and Bioscience Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of Sao CarlosSao Carlos SP 13.565-905Brazil

There is a lack of understanding of both the conversion of an unstable glass into a metastable supercooled liquid(MSL) upon heating and the metastability of MSLs. In this study, we investigated the time-and temperature-dependent metastability of an MSL using an advanced nano-calorimetric technique. The chosen Au-based metallic glass(Au MG) allowed adequate probing of its MSL in a temperature range between 10 and 70 K above the standard glass transition temperature. We found that the survival time of the MSL state is a quadratic function of temperature. Beyond this duration threshold, the sample undergoes fast crystallization even if it is below the crystallization temperature that is measured using differential scanning *** transmission electron microscopy, we observed the formation of clusters with a partially ordered lattice structure during relaxation in the Au MG sample fabricated using a nano-calorimeter. The atomic ordering within the clusters was enhanced by increasing time and temperature in the MSL region. Once the as-produced glass entered the MSL stage upon heating followed by a quenching stage at a given rate, the mechanical properties of the quenched glass remained the same regardless of its holding temperature and duration within the MSL region. This work provides insights into the glass-MSL-crystal transformation and offers guidance for designing standard metallic glasses for property characterizations.

关键词： metallic glass supercooled liquid relaxation nucleation nano calorimetric technology

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Direct visualization of laser-driven dynamic fragmentation in tin by in situ x-ray diffraction

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 109-114页

作者： Jing Yang Xinxin Wang Liang Xu Qiannan Wang Yi Sun Jiangtao Li Lin Zhang Yinghua Li Yuying Yu Pei Wang Qiang Wu Jianbo Hu Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation physics Institute of Fluid PhysicsChina Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China Laboratory of Computational physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational MathematicsBeijing 100094China

We present a novel method for investigating laser-driven dynamic fragmentation in tin using in situ X-ray *** experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the method for simultaneously identifying the phase and temperature of fragments through analysis of the diffraction ***,we observe a deviation from the widely accepted isentropic release assumption,with the temperature of the fragments being found to be more than 100 K higher than expected,owing to the release of plastic work during dynamic *** findings are further verified through extensive large-scale molecular dynamics simulations,in which strain energies are found to be transferred into thermal energies during the nucleation and growth of voids,leading to an increase in *** findings thus provide crucial insights into the impact-driven dynamic fragmentation phenomenon and reveal the significant influence of plastic work on material response during shock release.

关键词： dynamic release diffraction

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Two-dimensional investigation of characteristic parameters and their gradients for the self-generated electric and magnetic fields of laser-induced zirconium plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第5期26卷 138-155页

作者： Tayyaba SAJID Shazia BASHIR Mahreen AKRAM Maira RAZZAQ Khaliq MAHMOOD Centre for Advanced Studies in physics Institute of PhysicsGovernment College University LahoreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of physics Institute of PhysicsGovernment College University LahoreLahore 54000Pakistan

Two-dimensional diagnosis of laser-induced zirconium(Zr)plasma has been experimentally performed using the time-of-flight method by employing Faraday cups in addition to electric and magnetic *** characteristic parameters of laser-induced Zr plasma have been evaluated as a function of different laser irradiances ranging from 4.5 to 11.7 GW cm-2 at different axial positions of 1–4 cm with a fixed radial distance of 2 cm.A well-supporting correlation between the plume parameters and the laser-plasma-produced spontaneous electric and magnetic(E and B)fields was *** measurements of the characteristic parameters and spontaneously induced fields were observed to have an increasing trend with the increasing laser ***,when increasing the spatial distance in both the axial and radial directions,the plasma parameters(electron/ion number density,temperature and kinetic energy)did not show either continuously increasing or decreasing trends due to various kinetic and dynamic processes during the spatial evolution of the ***,the E and B fields were observed to be always diffusing away from the *** radial component of electron number densities remained higher than the axial number density component,whereas the axial ion number density at all laser irradiances and axial distances remained higher than the radial ion number *** higher axial self-generated electric field(SGEF)values than radial SGEF values are correlated with the effective charge-separation mechanism of electrons and *** generation of a self-generated magnetic field is observed dominantly in the radial direction at increasing laser irradiance as compared to the axial one due to the deflection of fast-moving electrons and the persistence of two-electron temperature on the radial axis.

关键词： Faraday cup axial and radial expansion space-charge effect laser-induced zirconium plasma two-electron temperature distribution self-generated electric and magnetic fields

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Footprints of axion-like particle in pulsar timing array data and James Webb Space Telescope observations

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第11期67卷 55-62页

作者： Shu-Yuan Guo Maxim Khlopov Xuewen Liu Lei Wu Yongcheng Wu Bin Zhu Department of physics Yantai UniversityYantai 264005 China institute of physics Southern Federal UniversityRostov on Don 344090 Russia National Research Nuclear University MEPhI(Moscow Engineering physics institute) Moscow 115409 Russia Virtual institute of Astroparticle physics Paris 75018 France Department of physics and institute of Theoretical physics Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023 China

Several pulsar timing array(PTA) collaborations have recently reported the evidence for a stochastic gravitational-wave background(SGWB), which can unveil the formation of primordial seeds of inhomogeneities in the early universe. With the SGWB parameters inferred from PTAs data, we can make a prediction of the seeds for early galaxy formation from the domain walls in the axion-like particles(ALPs) field distribution. This also naturally provides a solution to the observation of high redshifts by the James Webb Space Telescope. The predicted photon coupling of the ALP is within the reach of future experimental searches.

关键词： stochastic gravitational-wave background pulsar timing array axion-like particle JWST

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Consistency between domain wall oscillation modes and spin wave modes in nanostrips

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Chinese physics B 2024年第6期33卷 511-516页

作者：董新伟吴振江 Department of physics and institute of Theoretical physics and Astrophysics Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Investigations on domain wall(DW) and spin wave(SW) modes in a series of nanostrips with different widths and thicknesses have been carried out using micromagnetic simulation. The simulation results show that the frequencies of SW modes and the corresponding DW modes are consistent with each other if they have the same node number along the width direction. This consistency is more pronounced in wide and thin nanostrips, favoring the DW motion driven by *** analysis of the moving behavior of a DW driven by SWs is also carried out. The average DW speed can reach a larger value of ~ 140 m/s under two different SW sources. We argue that this study is very meaningful for the potential application of DW motion driven by SWs.

关键词： micromagnetic simulation domain wall spin wave

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Integrated analysis of plasma rotation effect on HL-3 hybrid scenario

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Chinese physics B 2024年第8期33卷 329-336页

作者：薛淼郑国尧薛雷李佳鲜王硕杜海龙朱毅仁周月 Southwestern institute of physics Chengdu 610000China

The hybrid scenario,which has good confinement and moderate MHD instabilities,is a proposed operation scenario for international thermonuclear experimental reactor(ITER).In this work,the effect of plasma rotation on the HL-3 hybrid scenario is analyzed with the integrated modeling framework *** results show that toroidal rotation has no obvious effect on confinement with a high line averaged density of n_(bar)~(7)×10^(19)m^(-3).In this case,the ion temperature only changes from 4.7 keV to 4.4 keV with the rotation decreasing from 10^(5) rad/s to 10^(3) rad/s,which means that the turbulent heat transport is not *** in the scenarios characterized by lower densities,such as n_(bar)~4×10^(19)m^(-3),turbulent transport becomes dominant in determining heat *** ion temperature rises from 3.8 keV to 6.1 keV in the core as the rotation velocity increases from 10^(3) rad/s to 10^(5) rad/*** the ion temperature rising,the rotation velocity does not obviously affect electron temperature or ***,it is noteworthy that the variation in rotation velocity does not significantly affect the global confinement of plasma in scenarios with low density or with high density.

关键词： HL-3 hybrid scenario toroidal rotation integrated modeling

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Mechanical responses and crystal plasticity model of CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy under ramp wave compression

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 93-108页

作者： Jinlei Dong Xuping Zhang Guiji Wang Xianqian Wu Binqiang Luo Xuemiao Chen Fuli Tan Jianheng Zhao Chengwei Sun institute of Fluid physics China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621999China institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China institute of Applied Electronics China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621999China

It is of substantial scientific significance and practical value to reveal and understand the multiscale mechanical properties and intrinsic mechanisms of medium-entropy alloys(MEAs)under high strain rates and *** this study,the mechanical responses and deformation mechanisms of an equiatomic CoCrNi MEA are investigated utilizing magnetically driven ramp wave compression(RWC)with a strain rate of 105 s^(−1).The CoCrNi MEA demonstrates excellent dynamic mechanical responses and yield strength under RWC compared with other advanced *** characterizations reveal that grain refinement and abundant micromechanisms,including dislocation slip,stacking faults,nanotwin network,and Lomer–Cottrell locks,collectively contribute to its excellent performance during ***,dense deformation twins and shear bands intersect,forming a weave-like microstructure that can disperse deformation and enhance *** the basis of these observations,we develop a modified crystal plasticity model with coupled dislocation and twinning mechanisms,providing a relatively accurate quantitative description of the multiscale behavior under *** results of simulations indicate that the activation of multilevel microstructures in CoCrNi MEA is primarily attributable to stress inhomogeneities and localized strain during *** research offers valuable insights into the dynamic mechanical responses of CoCrNi MEA,positioning it as a promising material for use under extreme dynamic conditions.

关键词： deformation alloy microstructure

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Davidson base as an appropriate base for the shell model in the case of 1p- and 1h- nuclei

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Communications in Theoretical physics 2024年第10期76卷 94-100页

作者： Hadi Sobhani Yan-An Luo Amir Jalili Hassan Hassanabadi School of physics Nankai University Department of physics Zhejiang Sci-Tech University institute of Theoretical physics Faculty of Physics University of Warsaw institute of Actuarial Science and Data Analytics UCSI University

This study endeavors to develop an improved set of basis functions for nuclear shell-model calculations. The shell model, a well-established approach to understanding nuclear structure,typically employs the harmonic oscillator potential within the mean-field approximation. Given the extensive validation and consistency of harmonic oscillator results with experimental data,we propose a modification by incorporating a centrifugal term that converges toward the Davidson potential. This potential has been extensively studied, and we aim to extract relevant experimental data for the simplest cases in the shell model, namely one-particle and one-hole nuclei. A comprehensive comparison between the Davidson-based results and the harmonic oscillator calculations is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new basis functions.

关键词： beta decay gamma transition nuclear structure shell-model calculations

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