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盐胁迫对巴西盾柱木幼苗生长的影响

东北林业大学学报 2008年第7期36卷 6-9页

作者：李雷鸿孔楠毛丰 Sonia Perez 东北林业大学哈尔滨150040 Federal University of sao carlos

利用不同渗透势的NaCl、CaCl2、KCl、Na2SO4溶液对巴西盾柱木(Peltophorum dubium)幼苗进行胁迫处理,研究盐胁迫对其幼苗生长状况的影响,结果表明:随着溶液渗透势的增加,对根和茎生长的抑制作用增强;子叶的干物质量在多数情况下是随着... 详细信息

利用不同渗透势的NaCl、CaCl2、KCl、Na2SO4溶液对巴西盾柱木(Peltophorum dubium)幼苗进行胁迫处理,研究盐胁迫对其幼苗生长状况的影响,结果表明:随着溶液渗透势的增加,对根和茎生长的抑制作用增强;子叶的干物质量在多数情况下是随着溶液浓度的增加而增加;根的长度和干物质量与总长度和总干物质量的比例一般与胁迫程度呈正相关关系,有利于其根系深入到盐胁迫程度较低的土壤深层。根的生物量和长度与非盐逆境相比,其值较低,说明其对盐逆境的生态适应能力较弱;CaCl2对巴西盾柱木幼苗生长胁迫程度最高,其次是Na2SO4和NaCl,KCl胁迫,对幼苗影响较小。巴西盾柱木的自然生长环境Ca2+含量较高,可能是巴西盾柱木不适应盐逆境的主要原因。

关键词：巴西盾柱木盐胁迫幼苗生长

N-Hexane Isomerization on Ni-Pt/Catalysts Supported on Mordenite

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Modern Research in Catalysis 2013年第4期2卷 119-126页

作者： Geovana S.V.Martins Everton R.F.dos Santos Meiry G.F.Rodrigues Gina Pecchi carlos M.N.Yoshioka Dilson Cardoso Chemical Engineering Department Federal University of Campina GrandeCatalysis Laboratory(LABNOV)Campina GrandeBrazil Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas UniversidadConcepcionConcepcionChile Chemical Engineering Department Federal University of Sao CarlosCatalysis Laboratory(LabCat)Sao CarlosBrazil

The aim of this work was to evaluate the catalytic properties for n-hexane isomerization of bifunctional monometallic (Ni or Pt) and bimetallic catalysts (Pt-Ni), using HMOR zeolite as support. The method used for metal dispersion in the zeolite was competitive ion exchange using ammine complexes [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2 and [Pt(NH3)4]Cl2 as precursors. The catalysts were characterized by X-Ray diffraction, X-Ray energy dispersion spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction and transmission electron microscopy. The n-hexane isomerization reaction using the catalysts was carried out to evaluate the catalyst activity. The reaction was carried out in a fixed bed reactor operating at 250?C, 1 atm, H2/C6 = 9 molar ratio. The profiles obtained from TPR suggest that, for bimetallic catalysts, the presence of platinum facilitates the reduction of Ni2+ cations. The bimetallic catalysts presented a higher activity in the isomerization of n-hexane when compared to the monometallic ones, as well better stability as the Pt content in the solid increases.

关键词： N-Hexane Isomerization Mordenite Nickel Platinum

Main visual symptoms associated with refractive errors and spectacle need in a Brazilian population

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第11期9卷 1657-1662页

作者： Silvana Schellini Fabio Ferraz Paula Opromolla Laryssa Oliveira carlos Padovani Botucatu Medical School University of State of Sao Paulo

AIM： To determine the main visual symptoms in a Brazilian population sample, associated to refractive errors（REs） and spectacle need to suggest priorities in preventive ***： A cross-sectional study was conducted in nine counties of the southeast region of Brazil, using a systematic sampling of households, between March 2004 and July 2005. The population was defined as individuals aged between 1 and 96 y, inhabitants of 3600 residences to be evaluated and 3012 households were included,corresponding to 8010 subjects considered for participation in the survey, of whom 7654 underwent ophthalmic examinations. The individuals were evaluated according their demographic data, eye complaints and eye examination including the RE and the need to prescribe spectacles according to age. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software package and descriptive analysis using 95% confidence intervals（P〈0.05）. RESULTS： The main symptom detected was asthenopia, most frequent in the 2ndand 3rddecades of life, with a significant decline after the *** was the RE most associated with asthenopia. Reduced near vision sight was more frequent in those ≥40y with a progressive decline *** were most frequently required in subjects of≥40 years of ***： The main symptom related to the vision was asthenopia and was associated to astigmatism. The greatest need for spectacles prescription occurred after40＇s, mainly to correct near vision. Subjects of ≥40years old were determined to be at high risk of uncorrected REs. These observations can guide intervention programs for the Brazilian population.

关键词： population study visual symptoms refractive error spectacle need

A Process to Support Analysts in Exploring and Selecting Content from Online Forums

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Social Networking 2014年第2期3卷 86-93页

作者： Darlinton Carvalho Ricardo Marcacini carlos Lucena Solange Rezende Department of Informatics Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Institute of Mathematical and Computer Sciences University of Sao PauloSao CarlosBrazil

The public content increasingly available on the Internet, especially in online forums, enables researchers to study society in new ways. However, qualitative analysis of online forums is very time consuming and most content is not related to researchers’ interest. Consequently, analysts face the following problem: how to efficiently explore and select the content to be analyzed? This article introduces a new process to support analysts in solving this problem. This process is based on unsupervised machine learning techniques like hierarchical clustering and term co-occurrence network. A tool that helps to apply the proposed process was created to provide consolidated and structured results. This includes measurements and a content exploration interface.

关键词： Qualitative Analysis of Online Forums Explore and Select the Online Forums Content Machine Learning Hierarchical Clustering Terms Co-Occurrence Network Consolidated and Structured Results

Enhancing Nutrient Use Efficiency Using Zeolites Minerals—A Review

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2016年第4期6卷 295-204页

作者： Alberto carlos de Campos Bernardi José carlos Polidoro Marisa Bezerra de Melo Monte Elaine Inácio Pereira Cauê Ribeiro de Oliveira Kulasekaran Ramesh Embrapa Pecuaria Sudeste Sao Carlos Brazil Embrapa Solos Rio de Janeiro Brazil Centro de Tecnologias Minerais (CETEM) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Embrapa Instrumentacao Sao Carlos Brazil ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science Bhopal India

On tropical soils, liming and balanced nutrient supply are essential to ensure high crop yield and quality. An adequate agronomic nutrient management should be a balanced nutrition and fertilizers are the key factor on supplying nutrients. Urea is the most commonly used fertilizer-N source, despite potential losses by NH3 volatilization. Thus, new fertilizers technologies are needed to support the increasing demand and avoid the low N use efficiency (NUE). The reduction of NH3-N volatilization can be achieved by the use of natural aluminosilicates with nitrogenous fertilizer materials. This review consolidates the current status on the subject and the experience with the application of aluminosilicates as a slow release plant-nutrient fertilizer. Volatilization losses of nitrogenous fertilizers on the soil surface could be reduced with addition of natural aluminosilicates. Clay minerals (zeolites) are widely used in many countries to reduce NH3 volatilization from amide N fertilizers, such as urea, besides several organic forms of nitrogenous sources. The reduction in ammonia losses by volatilization and the increased efficiency of N utilization and slow release nature of urea-zeolite mixtures when urea is used together with aluminosilicates was demonstrated in laboratory, greenhouse and field experiments with different crops and environments. These results indicate that aluminosilicates minerals used with urea mineral fertilizer can enhance the efficiency of this source by improving the nitrogen use through the control of retention of ammonium ion, contributing to increasd N uptake and crop yields.

关键词： Zeolite Stilbite Slow-Release N-Losses Volatalization

Implications of the New Operational Rules for Cantareira Water System: Re-Reading the 2014-2016 Water Crisis

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第4期12卷 261-274页

作者： Karinne Reis Deusdará-Leal Luz Adriana Cuartas Rong Zhang Guilherme S. Mohor Luíz Valério de Castro Carvalho carlos Afonso Nobre Eduardo Mario Mendiondo Elisangela Broedel Marcelo Enrique Seluchi Regina Célia dos Santos Alvalá Brazilian Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disaster-Cemaden Sao José dos Campos Brazil Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute (NHRI) under the Ministry of Water Resources The Ministry of Transport and National Energy Administration Nanjing China University of Potsdam Potsdam Germany Universidade de Taubaté Taubaté Brazil Institute of Advanced Studies University of Sao Paulo Sao José dos Campos Brazil sao carlos School of Engineering University of Sao Paulo USP Sao Carlos Brazil Center for Education & Research of Disasters of sao Paulo CEPED Sao Paulo Brazil

During the 2014-2016 water shortage crisis, the Metropolitan Area of sao Paulo (MASP) water supply system extracted pumping volume from the Cantareira System. Before the crisis, between 1984 and 2013, the reservoir’s average water extraction flow was 29.6 m3·s-1. During the period of pumping volume usage, the average extraction flow was 16.2 m3·s-1. Following the crisis, two new mitigation policies were implemented: a water extraction Resolution (in 2017) and a Resolution for water reallocation from another basin (in 2018). This study provides a novel investigation of the Cantareira System water crisis by assessing the mitigation policies impacts on storage level dynamics. The system storage level was evaluated using the reservoir simulation module of PDM-Cemaden hydrological model, assuming that the new policies had already been implemented prior to the crisis. A control simulation was run with observed in- and out-flow and operationally-practiced extraction flow. The storage level dynamics impacts were evaluated under 4 water mitigation policies scenarios varying the policies implementation starting date, the extraction flow range and including the water reallocation variable. Results showed that pumping volume would only need extraction during a short period (Scenarios I, III and IV), and considering the water reallocation, pumping volume extraction would not have been necessary (Scenario II). Although the pumping volume would still have been extracted during a short period, water shortage impact would have been lessened, had the policies been already implemented before the crisis. The water mitigation policies implementation supports the reservoirs storage management but does not guarantee that MASP water demand is fully met. Therefore, in order to effectively improve water security, further policies and practices to reduce water demand and enhance supply should be considered.

关键词： Cantareira System Drought sao Paulo Brazil Dead Storage Water Crisis

Areas with evidence of equity and their progress on mortality from tuberculosis in an endemic municipality of southeast Brazil

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1185-1195页

作者： Mellina YAMAMURA Marcelino SANTOS NETO Francisco CHIARAVALLOTI NETO Luiz Henrique ARROYO Antonio carlos Vieira RAMOS Ana Angelica Rego de QUEIROZ Aylana de Souza BELCHIOR Danielle Talita dos SANTOS Juliane de Almeida CRISPIM Ione Carvalho PINTO Severina Alice da Costa UCHOA Regina Celia FIORATI Ricardo Alexandre ARCENCIO School of Nursing of the University of sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto Campus(EERP/USP)Ribeirao retoSPBrazil Federal University of Maranhao(UFMA) Sao LuísMABrazil School of Public Health of the University of sao Paulo(FSP/USP) Sao PauloSPBrazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte(UFRN) NatalRNBrazil School of Medicine of the University of sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto Campus(FMRP/USP)Ribeirao PretoSPBrazil

Background:In Brazil,people still fall ill and die from tuberculosis(TB),and this can be explained by the significant impasse in the equity of distribution of therapeutic resources to the population as a *** aim was to identify geographical areas which have shown progress in terms of equity(of income,schooling and urban occupancy)and test its effect on mortality from TB in a municipality of southeast ***:It is an ecological study considering TB as the basic cause for deaths registered between 2006 and 2013 on the Mortality Information System and other variables obtained through the Demographic Census of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics(2010).The geographical area for analysis comprised the areas of coverage of the health *** indicators have been constructed through the Principal Component Analysis(PCA).The cases were geocoded and the annual mortality rate from TB was calculated with smoothing using the local empirical Bayesian *** linear regression was then *** was confirmation of the existence of spatial dependence of residue through the application of the Global Moran I test,and application of the Models with Global Spatial Effects,to identify the best standard of spatial ***:The mortality rates ranged from 0.00 to 2.8 deaths per 100,000 people,per *** the PCA,three indicators were constructed,and designated as indicators of income,social inequality,and social *** multiple linear regression,the indicator of social equity was statistically significant(P<0.0001)but had a negative association,an adjusted R^(2)of 28.36%and with spatial dependence(Moran I=0.21,P=0.003455).The best model to deal with existing spatial dependence was the Spatial Lag ***:The better social conditions have shown progress in reducing mortality from TB,thereby reinforcing the achievement of Sustainable Development *** addition,cartography was also applied,which can be replicated

关键词： Tuberculosis Spatial analysis Mortality Cause of death

Instantly Investigating the Adsorption of Polymeric Corrosion Inhibitors on Magnesium Alloys by Surface Analysis under Ambient Conditions

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Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 2014年第5期4卷 282-294页

作者： Livia M.Garcia Goncalves Larissa C.Sanchez Stephani Stamboroski Yendry R.Corrales Urena Welchy Leite Cavalcanti Jorg Ihde Michael Noeske Marko Soltau Kai Brune Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM BremenGermany CAPES Foundation Ministry of Education of BrazilBrasiliaBrazil Department of Materials Engineering UFSCarFederal University of Sao CarlosSao CarlosBrazil Department of Chemistry UFSCFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisBrazil UNESP sao Paulo State University Sao PauloBrazil Straetmans High TAC GmbH HamburgGermany

Surface engineering of magnesium alloys requires adequate strategies, processes and materials permitting corrosion protection. Liquid formulations containing corrosion inhibitors often are to be optimized according to the demands of the respective substrate and following the service conditions during its application. As an interdisciplinary approach, a combination of several techniques for instantly monitoring or elaborately analyzing the surface state of magnesium was accomplished in order to characterize the performance of new adsorbing sustainable amphiphilic polymers which recently were developed to facilitate a multi-metal corrosion protection approach. The application of established techniques like Contact Angle measurements and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy investigations was supplemented by introducing related and yet faster online-capable and larger-scale techniques like Aerosol Wetting Test and Optically Stimulated Electron Emission. Moreover, an inexpensive setup was configured for scaling the inset and the extent of degradation processes which occur at local electrochemical circuits and lead to hydrogen bubble formation. Using these analytical tools, changes of the surface state of emeried AM50 samples were investigated. Even in contact with water, being a moderate corrosive medium, the online techniques facilitated detecting surface degradation of the unprotected magnesium alloy within some seconds. In contrast, following contact with a 1 weight% formulation of a polymeric corrosion inhibitor, surface monitoring indicated a delay of the onset of degradation processes by approximately two orders of magnitude in time. Mainly based on the spectroscopic investigations, the corrosion inhibiting effects of the investigated polymer are attributed to the adsorption of a primary polymer layer with a thickness of a few nanometers which occurs within some seconds. Immersion of magnesium for several hours brings up a protective film with around ten nanometers th

关键词： Online Surface Monitoring Magnesium Alloys Polymeric Corrosion Inhibitors Fast Screening of Effective Formulations Optimization of Application Process

金刚石车床上带固态执行器的微定位装置——一个初步实验

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国防科技参考 1997年第3期18卷 51-53,,18,页

作者： J.C.Campos Rubio J.G.Duduch A.Viera Porto 吴书友 University of sao Paulo-Campus sao carlos (USP/EESC) Sao Carlos-SP-Brazil

在超精密设计中,很可能没有可供选择的设计方案。在超精细进给情况下,压电执行器是一种潜在选择。目前,欧洲和日本刀具制造商为此正致力于磁致伸缩执行器的研究。压电材料和磁致伸缩材料都存在磁滞型非线性,以致这些系统的输出依赖于以... 详细信息

在超精密设计中,很可能没有可供选择的设计方案。在超精细进给情况下,压电执行器是一种潜在选择。目前,欧洲和日本刀具制造商为此正致力于磁致伸缩执行器的研究。压电材料和磁致伸缩材料都存在磁滞型非线性,以致这些系统的输出依赖于以前的输入,绝对定位仅通过反馈控制才能得到。本文采用模拟技术对脆性材料的超精密加工中(微米级)刀架定位的几种现代控制技术作了一番比较。

关键词：刀具金刚石车床固态执行器微定位装置