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Haloxylon ammodendron (Amaranthaceae) fruit development delay caused by post-flowering non-inductive photoperiod

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Journal of Arid Land 2017年第3期9卷 408-418页

作者： REN Cai YU Tian QU Guanghang WANG Shuang WANG Ze Abudoukeyumu MIJITI ZHANG Hua MA Lin HE Xiaoling MA Hao State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China Urumqi County agricultural technology extension center Urumqi 830011 China Desert Research Institute in the Arid Region Xinjiang Agricultural University Urumqi 830052 China

Haloxylon ammodendron （C. A. Mey.） is one of the economically and ecologically important desert trees used for sand fixation. The ovary of H. ammodendron is found not to swell after flowering in spring until at the end of August or early September in western China. However, what happens for ovary at anatomic level in that period and which crucial ecological factor regulates the phenomenon of H. ammodendron have not been fully understood. To characterize the phenomenon and explore the crucial environmental regulating factors, we carried out the morphological and anatomic observations at the different development stages of the fruits and three single-factor experiments （low air temperature, sufficient soil moisture, and short day length）. Our results showed that under the natural conditions, the ovary of H. ammodendron after flowering developed slowly and the morphological changes of fruits were not significant for the period from May to August and after late August or early September; and then the ovary developed rapidly and matured in October. Cell division in embryo was observed to start approximately 25 days after flowering （DAF） and just developed to globular embryo stage at mid-August. Photoperiod was identified as the pivotal environmental factor regulating the fruit development of H. ammodendron. Moreover, the threshold value of day length for the fruit development was 14.0 h. A long day （〉14.0 h） treatment began from 5 DAF could delay fruit development of H. ammodendron while a short day （〈14.0 h） treatment could accelerate it. Moreover, a further longer day treatment （〉15.0 h） could also delay fruit development even when they had developed for a long time （110 DAF）. The present study indicated that H. ammodendron adopted a reproductive strategy of delayed fruit development and this strategy helps it survive and obtain offspring in harsh desert habitats.

关键词： environmental factor fruit development Haloxylon ammodendron photoperiod reproductive strategy

Current Situation and Development Proposals of agricultural Facilities(Planting)Application in Beijing

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Journal of Beijing Institute of technology 2023年第3期32卷 275-284页

作者： Xihong Lei Wei Li Yanfang Wang Manli Niu Fudong Wang Dong An Liguo Yang Beijing agricultural technology extension Station Beijing 100029China College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Facility agriculture is an essential carrier for promoting stable production and ***2020,the planting area of facility agriculture in Beijing(290098000 m2)accounted for 29.06%of the total planting area of crops(998078000 m2),and the output value accounted for 46.56%.In2022,Beijing agricultural technology extension Station organized relevant departments to summarize and evaluate the agricultural facilities in Beijing through consultation materials,interviews,questionnaires,and field trips,combining survey data and statistical data to draw the following *** play a major supporting role in stabilizing production and ensuring *** number of traditional greenhouses is extensive and covers a large area,so special planning and classification upgrades are urgently *** are rich in scientific and technological resources,but the mode of production is out of *** is of great significance to improve the comprehensive production capacity of facility agriculture and promote the healthy and stable development of facility industry in Beijing to increase the utilization rate of facility agriculture land,strengthen the support of facility science and technology,and cultivate the socialized service organization of facility.

关键词： facility agriculture stable production and supply cost benefit technical support

Effects of Mouse Thatched on Soil Temperature, Yield and Quality in Apple Orchard

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agricultural Biotechnology 2019年第3期8卷 153-155,158页

作者： Yanhong LI Na LI Peiping ZHANG Qiangsheng SUN Yao SUN Hongzhang WANG Soil and Fertilizer Station of Yantai agricultural technology extension center Yantai 264000China Zhucheng agricultural technology extension service center Weifang 262200China

[Objectives]This study was conducted to study the effect of mouse thatched on soil temperature,yield and quality in orchards.[Methods]The response of orchard soil,yield and quality to sod culture was studied by comparisons of grassing for two years,three years and clean cultivation.[Results]In April,the soil temperature in mouse thatched area was higher than that in clean cultivation area,and the temperature in the three years of sward was the *** May to July,the temperature in mouse thatched area was lower than that in clean cultivation area,and the temperature was lowest in the three years of *** the same time,the fruit yield and quality were *** the two years,the yield of apple increased by 12%,and the contents of sugar,soluble solids and vitamin C and the firmness of the fruit were increased,and the total acid content was decreased by planting mouse thatched.[Conclusions]Adjusting soil temperature in orchards by planting grass achieved the effects of promoting the activity of microorganisms,facilitating the growth of root system,increasing the yield and improving the quality.

关键词： Apple orchard Mouse thatched Soil temperature Yield Quality

Assessment of Land Suitability Potentials for Selecting Winter Wheat Cultivation Areas in Beijing,China,Using RS and GIS

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agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第9期10卷 1419-1430页

作者： WANG Da-cheng LI Cun-jun SONG Xiao-yu WANG Ji-hua YANG Xiao-dong HUANG Wen-jiang WANG Jun-ying ZHOU Ji-hong Institute of agricultural Remote Sensing and Information technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 P.R. China Beijing Research center for Information technology in Agriculture Beijing 100097 P.R.China agricultural technology extension Station in Beijing Beijing 100029 P.R.China

It is very important to provide reference basis for winter wheat quality regionalization of cultivation area. The aim of this article was based on factors affecting wheat quality and setting realistic spatial models in each part of the land for assessment of land suitability potentials in Beijing, China. The study employed artificial neural network （ANN） analysis to select factors and evaluate the relative importance of selected environment factors on wheat grain quality. The spatial models were developed and demonstrated their use in selecting the most suitable areas for the winter wheat cultivation. The strategy overcomes the non-accurate traditional statistical methods. Satellite images, toposheet, and ancillary data of the study area were used to find tillable land. These categories were formed by integrating the various layers with corresponding weights in geographical information system （GIS）. An integrated land suitability potential （LSP） index was computed considering the contribution of various parameters of land suitability. The study demonstrated that the tillable land could be categorized into spatially distributed agriculture potential zones based on soil nutrient and assembled weather factors using RS and GIS as not suitable, marginally suitable, moderately suitable, suitable, and highly suitable by adopting the logical criteria. The sort of land distribution map made by the factors with their weights showed more truthfulness.

关键词： LSP ANN suitable areas wheat RS and GIS

Daily expression of two circadian clock genes in compound eyes of Helicoverpa armigera: evidence for peripheral tissue circadian timing

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Insect Science 2019年第2期26卷 217-228页

作者： Shuo Yan Yan-Jun Liu Jia-Lin Zhu Wei-Na Cui Xin-Fang Zhang Yu-Hui Yang Xiao-Ming Liu Qing-Wen Zhang Xiao-Xia Liu Department of Entomology China Agricultural University Beijing China National agricultural technology extension and service center Beijing China Beijing Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Beijing China Zoucheng Plant Protection Station Zoucheng Shandong Province China Changli Institute of Pomology Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Changli Hebei Province China

Circadian clock genes in peripheral tissues usually play an important role in regulating the circadian rhythms. Light is the most important environmental signal for synchronizing endogenous rhythms with the daily light-dark cycle, and compound eyes are known as the principal circadian photoreceptor for photic entrainment in most moths. However, there is little evidence for circadian timing in compound eyes. In the current study, we isolated the timeless gene, designated Ha-tim (GenBank accession number: KM233162), from the cotton bo 11 worm Helicoverpa armigera. Ha-tim and period (Haper) showed low messenger RNA levels in the compound eyes compared to the other tested adult organs. Ha-tim and Ha-per transcript levels were dependent on an endogenous rhythm that fluctuated over a daily cycle in the compound eyes and heads. The cycles of Hatim and Ha-per transcript levels followed similar time courses, and identical expression patterns of the two genes were observed in the compound eyes and heads. Ha-tim and Ha-per were dowregulated in the compound eyes after light exposure, copulation and starvation. These results indicated that Ha-tim and Ha-per transcript levels were regulated by endogenous and exogenous factors. Our study helped to improve our understanding of the circadian clock machinery in compound eyes and other peripheral tissues.

关键词： circadian clock compound eye photoreceptor period timeless rhythm

Wheat breeding in northern China: Achievements and technical advances

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The Crop Journal 2019年第6期7卷 718-729页

作者： Hongjie Li Yang Zhou Wenli Xin Yiqin Wei Junling Zhang Lilei Guo The National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Crop Breeding Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150086HeilongjiangChina Institute of Crop Research Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesYinchuan 750100NingxiaChina Institute of Foxtail Millet Shanxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangzhi 046000ShanxiChina National agricultural technology extension and service center Beijing 100125China

Common wheat is the major cereal crop that underpins the food safety of China. Both winter wheat and spring wheat are grown on ~24 million ha. This review aims to summarize the current status of wheat production and breeding progress in the northern wheat production areas of the country, and to review recently advanced technologies being applied in wheat breeding, including the use of dwarf-male-sterile(DMS) wheat, speed breeding and specialized wheat breeding SNP chips. Crossing is the initial step in most breeding programs. DMS wheat is a convenient tool for large scale production of hybrid seed. Speed breeding or accelerated generation turnover attempts to reduce the time taken in cultivar development. Several different SNP chips are high-throughput, genome-wide genotyping platforms for breeding and research.

关键词： Common wheat Dwarf male sterile wheat Speed breeding SNP chips Triticum aestivum

Elevation and Land Use Types Have Significant Impacts on Spatial Variability of Soil Organic Matter Content in Hani Terraced Field of Yuanyang County,China

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Rice science 2015年第1期22卷 27-34页

作者： LI Feng-bo LU Guang-de ZHOU Xi-yue NI Hui-xiang XU Chun-chun YUE Chao YANG Xiu-mei FENG Jin-fei FANG Fu-ping Rice Science & technology Information center China National Rice Research Institute Agro-Tech extension center of Yuanyang

Soil organic matter （SOM） content is one of the most important indicators of the sustainability of soil. To maintain sustainable soil utilization and management in fragile Hani terraced field, it is meaningful to investigate the effects of topography and land use type on SOM content. Descriptive statistics and geostatistics were used to analyze the data and the kriging method was applied to map the spatial patterns of SOM content. The results showed that the mean SOM content was 32.76 g/kg, with a variation coefficient of 40%. The SOM content was affected by elevation and land use type. As the increase of elevation, the SOM content in Hani terraced field also increased obviously. The SOM content in tea garden, which is almost at high elevation, was the highest in all six land use types, and the SOM content decreased in a following sequence： tea garden 〉 paddy field 〉 corn field 〉 banana garden 〉 cassava field 〉 sugarcane field. In addition, at the same elevation, the paddy field had the highest SOM content compared with other land use types. All these results demonstrate that paddy field is the most efficient and suitable land use type for SOM conservation at high, middle or low elevations in the fragile Hani terraced field. In order to protect soil quality and maintain the sustainable agricultural development, it is necessary to maintain or even to enlarge the area of paddy field in Yuanyang county, Yunnan Province, China.

关键词： Hani terraced field elevation land use type geostatistics soil organic matter content

Construction of an anchoring SSR marker genetic linkage map and detection of a sex-linked region in two dioecious populations of red bayberry

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2262-2270页

作者： Yan Wang Hui-Min Jia Yu-Tong Shen Hai-Bo Zhao Qin-Song Yang Chang-Qing Zhu De-Li Sun Guo-Yun Wang Chao-Chao Zhou Yun Jiao Chun-Yan Chai Li-Ju Yan Xiong-Wei Li Hui-Juan Jia Zhong-Shan Gao Fruit Science Institute College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang University310058 HangzhouChina Shanghai center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences201602 ShanghaiChina Yuyao Forestry technology extension center 315400 NingboChina Institute of Forestry Ningbo Academy of Agricultural ScienceNingboChina Cixi Forestry technology extension center 315300 CixiChina Linhai Forestry technology extension center 317000 TaizhouChina Forest&Fruit Tree Institute Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences201403 ShanghaiChina

Red bayberry(Morella rubra)is an evergreen fruit tree found in southern China whose whole-genome sequence has recently been *** updated the linkage map of the species by adding 118 SSR markers and the femalespecific marker MrFT2_*** integrated map included eight linkage groups and spanned 491 *** sexassociated markers were identified,six of which were located in linkage group 8,in agreement with the previously reported location of the sex-determining *** MrFT2_BD-SEX marker was genotyped in 203 cultivated *** the females of the accessions,we found two female-specific alleles,designated W-b(151 bp)and W-d(129 bp).We previously found that‘Dongkui’,a female cultivar,could produce viable pollen(we refer to such plants‘Dongkui-male’)and serve as the paternal parent in *** genotypes of the MrFT2_BD-SEX marker were W-b/Z in‘Biqi’and W-d/Z in‘Dongkui-male’.The progeny of a cross between these parents produced a 3:1 female(W-)to male(ZZ)ratio and the expected 1:1:1:1 ratio of W-b/W-d:W-b/Z:W-d/Z:Z/*** addition,the flowering and fruiting phenotypes of all the F1 progeny fit their *** results confirm the existence of ZW sex determination and show that the female phenotype is controlled by a single dominant locus(W)in a small genomic region(59 kb and less than 3.3 cM).Furthermore,we have produced a homozygous“super female”(WW)that should produce all-female offspring in the F2 generation,providing a foundation for commercial use and presenting great potential for use in modern breeding programs.

关键词： breeding cultivar linkage

Identification, characterization and full-length sequence analysis of a novel endornavirus in common sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第10期17卷 2281-2291页

作者： LIU Wen-wen XIN Min CAO Meng-ji QIN Meng LIU Hui ZHAO Shou-qi WANG Xi-feng State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100193 P.R. China National Citrus Engineering Research center Citrus Research Institute Southwest University Chongqing 400712 P.R. China National agricultural technology extension and service center Beijing 100125 P.R. China

To identify the possible quarantine viruses in seven common sunflower varieties imported from the United States of America and the Netherlands, we tested total RNAs extracted from the leaf tissues using next-generation sequencing of small RNAs. After analysis of small RNA sequencing data, no any quarantine virus was found, but a double-stranded RNA（dsRNA） molecule showing typical genomic features of endornavirus was detected in two varieties, X3939 and SH1108. Full-length sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed that it is a novel endornavirus, temporarily named as Helianthus annuus alphaendornavirus（HaEV）. Its full genome corresponds to a 14 662-bp dsRNA segment, including a 21-nt 5′ untranslated region（UTR）, 3＇ UTR ending with the unique sequence CCCCCCCC and lacking a poly（A） tail. An open reading frame（ORF） that encodes a deduced 4 867 amino acids（aa） polyprotein with three domains： RdRP, Hel and UGT（UDP-glycosyltransferase）. HaEV mainly distributed in the cytoplasm but less in the nucleus of leaf cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization（FISH） experiment. This virus has a high seed infection rate in the five varieties, X3907, X3939, A231, SH1108 and SR1320. To our knowledge, this is the first report about the virus of the family Endornaviridae in the common sunflower.

关键词： common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) next-generation sequencing (NGS) double-stranded RNA Endornaviridae