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Investigation of the tetraquark states QqQq in the improved chromomagnetic interaction model

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Chinese Physics C 2023年 75-86页

作者：郭涛李嘉宁赵佳星何联毅 Department of Physics Tsinghua University subatech Université de Nantes IMT Atlantique IN2P3CNRS 4 rue Alfred Kastler School of Mathematics and Physics Chengdu University of Technology

In the framework of the improved chromomagnetic interaction model, we complete a systematic study of the S-wave tetraquark states QqQq( Q = c, b, and q = u, d, s) with different quantum numbers: JPC= 0+(+), 1+(±),and 2+(+). The mass spectra of tetraquark states are predicted, and the possible decay channels are analyzed by considering both the angular momentum and C-parity conservation. The recently observed hidden-charm tetraquark states with strangeness, such as Zcs(3985)-, X(3960), and Zcs(4220)+, can be well explained in our model. Additionally, according to the wave function of each tetraquark state, we find that the low-lying states of each QqQq configuration have a large overlap to the QQ and qq meson basis, instead of the Qq and qQ meson basis. This indicates that one can search these tetraquark states in future experiments via the channel of QQ and qq mesons.

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Investigation of the tetraquark states QqQq in the improved chromomagnetic interaction model

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Chinese Physics C 2023年第6期47卷 69-80页

作者：郭涛李嘉宁赵佳星何联毅 School of Mathematics and Physics Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China subatech Universitéde NantesIMT AtlantiqueIN2P3/CNRS4 rue Alfred Kastler44307 Nantes cedex 3France

In the framework of the improved chromomagnetic interaction model,we complete a systematic study of the S-wave tetraquark states QqQq(Q=c,b,and q=u,d,s)with different quantum numbers:J^(PC)=0^(+(+)),1^(+(±)),and 2^(+(+)).The mass spectra of tetraquark states are predicted,and the possible decay channels are analyzed by considering both the angular momentum and C-parity conservation.The recently observed hidden-charm tetraquark states with strangeness,such as Z_(cs)(3985)^(-),X(3960),and Z_(cs)(4220)^(+),can be well explained in our model.Additionally,according to the wave function of each tetraquark state,we find that the low-lying states of each QqQq configuration have a large overlap to the QQ and qq meson basis,instead of the Qq and qQ meson basis.This indicates that one can search these tetraquark states in future experiments via the channel of QQ and qq mesons.

关键词： improved chromomagnetic interaction model hidden heavy flavor tetraquark states mass spectra and possible structures

Elliptic flow of direct photons in Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第9期34卷 1433-1435页

作者：刘复明 Tetsufumi Hirano Klaus Werner 朱燕 Institution of particle physics Huazhong Normal University Department of Physics The University of Tokyo Laboratoire subatech University of Nantes-IN2P3/CNRS-Ecole desMines

The rapidity dependence of the elliptic flow of direct photons in Au＋Au collisions at√ s NN = 200 GeV are predicted,based on a three-dimensional ideal hydrodynamic description of the hot and dense matter.The rapidity dependence of the elliptic flow v 2 （y） of direct photons （mainly thermal photons） is very sensitive to the initial energy density distribution along longitudinal direction,which provides a useful tool to extract the realistic initial condition from measurements.

关键词： thermal photons elliptic flow hydrodynamics

Surface complexation modeling of Eu(Ⅲ) adsorption on silica in the presence of fulvic acid

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Science China Chemistry 2014年第9期57卷 1276-1282页

作者： YE YuanLv CHEN ZongYuan MONTAVON Gilles JIN Qiang GUO ZhiJun WU WangSuo Radiochemistry Laboratory School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyLanzhou University Laboratoire subatech UMR 6457 CNRS-IN2P3/Ecole des Mines de Nantes/PRES UNAM4 rue A. Kastler 44307 Nantes CedexFrance

Humic substances(HS) substantially affect heavy metal(M) adsorption on mineral surfaces. However, quantitative descriptions of ternary systems involving M, HS and mineral surfaces remain unclear. This study examines adsorption in a model ternary system including Eu(III), fulvic acid(FA) and silica, and describes the adsorption of Eu(III) and FA by combining a double-layer model(DLM) and the Stockholm humic model(SHM). SHM explains the binding of H+ and Eu3+ to FA and the DLM for FA and Eu(III) adsorption on silica. Experimental results showed that the presence of FA promotes Eu(III) adsorption at acidic pH values, but decreases it at basic pH values, which indicates the formation of ternary surface complexes. Modeling calculations have shown that two ternary surface complexes are required to describe the experimental results in which Eu3+ acts as a bridge between the surface site and FA. The present study suggests that the discrete-site approach to HS is a promising method for interpreting the adsorption data for M, HS and mineral ternary systems.

关键词：表面络合模型吸附数据铕(Ⅲ) 二氧化硅黄腐酸三元表面配合物矿物表面三元系统

Alpha Decay Half-Lives of New Superheavy Elements through Quasimolecular Shapes

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第7期23卷 1734-1737页

作者：张鸿飞李君清左维陈宝秋马中玉 Soojae Im Royer Guy Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 Research Center of Nuclear Theory of Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou Lanzhou 730000 Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100030 China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 Laboratoire subatech UMR: IN2P3/CNRS-Uniyersité-Ecole des Mines 4 rue A. Kastler 44307 Nantes Cedex 03 France

The lifetimes of a decays of the recently produced isotopes of the elements 112, 114, 116 and the element ^294118 and of some decay products have been calculated theoretically within the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation. The a decay barriers have been determined in the quasimolecular shape path within a generalized liquid drop model including the proximity effects between nuclei in a neck, the mass and charge asymmetry and the precise nuclear radius. These calculations provide reasonable estimates for the observed a decay lifetimes. The calculated results have been compared with the results of the density-dependent M3Y effective interaction and the experimental data. It is indicated that the theoretical foundation of the generalized liquid drop model is as good as that of the microscopic DDM3Y model, at least in the sense of predicting the T1/2 values as long as one uses a correct a decay energy. The half lives of these new nuclei are well tested from the consistence of the macroscopic, the microscopic and the experimental data.

关键词： LIQUID-DROP MODEL DEFORMED POTENTIAL-ENERGY HEAVIEST ELEMENTS CREVICEDSHAPES NUCLEI EMISSION FISSION CA-48 BARRIER COMPACT

Quarkonia Detection in the ALICE Experiment

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Quarkonia Detection in the ALICE Experiment

Measurements of dihadron correlations relative to the event plane in Au+Au collisions at√^(S)NN=200 GeV

The 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions

作者： G. Martínez García subatech (CNRS/IN2P3-Ecole des Mines de Nantes-Unversité de Nantes BP 20722 44307 Nantes cedexFrance

＜正＞Quarkonia production is a unique probe to study Quark Gluon Plasma formed in nucleus-nucleus collisions at LHC energies. Production cross-sections will remarkably increase at LHC energies, allowing to access bottomonium resonances in heavy ion collisions. In addition, the large statistics of charmonium events will allow to study the J/Psi polarization and J/Psi elliptic flow. The ALICE experiment will measure quarkonia in the central （|η|＜0.9） and backward

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第4期45卷 198-241页

作者： H.Agakishiev M.M.Aggarwal Z.Ahammed A.V.Alakhverdyants I.Alekseev J.Alford B.D.Anderson C.D.Anson D.Arkhipkin G.S.Averichev J.Balewski D.R.Beavis N.K.Behera R.Bellwied M.J.Betancourt R.R.Betts A.Bhasin A.K.Bhat H.Bichsel J.Bieleik J.Bielcikova B.Biritz L.C.Bland W.Borowski J.Bouchet E.Braidot A.V.Brandin A.Bridgeman S.G.Brovko E.Bruna S.Bueltmann I.Bunzarov T.P.Burton X.Z.Cai H.Caines M.Calderon de la Barca Sanchez D.Cebra R.Cendejas M.C.Cervantes Z.Chajecki P.Chaloupka S.Chattopadhyay H.F.Chen J.H.Chen J.Y.Chen L.Chen J.Cheng M.Cherney A.Chikanian K.E.Choi W.Christie P.Chung M.J.M.Codrington R.Corliss J.G.Cramer H.J.Crawford S.Dash A.Davila Leyva L.C.De Silvat R.R.Debbe T.G.Dedovich A.A.Derevschikov R.Derradi de Souza L.Didenko P.Djawotho S.M.Dogra X.Dong J.L.Drachenberg J.E.Draper J.C.Dunlop L.G Efimov M.Elnim J.Engelage G Eppley M.Estienne L.Eun O.Evdokimov R.Fatemi J.Fedorisin A.Feng R.G.Fersch P.Filip E.Finch V.Fine Y.Fisyak C.A.Gagliardi D.R.Gangadharan A.Geromitsos F.Geurts P.Ghosh Y.N.Gorbunov A.Gordon O.Grebenyuk D.Grosnick S.M.Guertin A.Gupta W.Guryn B.Haag O.Hajkova A.Hamed L-X.Han J.W.Harris J.P.Hays-Wehle M.Heinz S.Heppelmann A.Hirsch E.Hjort G.W.Hoffmann D.J.Hofiman B.Huang H.Z.Huang T.J.Humanic L.Huo G.Igo P.Jacobs W.W.Jacobs C.Jena F.Jin J.Joseph E.G.Judd S.Kabana K.Kang J.Kapitan K.Kauder H.Ke D.Keane A.Kechechyan D.Kettler D.P.Kikola J.Kiryluk A.Kisiel V.Kizka A.G.Knospe D.D.Koetke T.Kollegger J.Konzer I.Koralt L.Koroleva W.Korsch L.Kotchenda V.Kouchpil P.Kravtsov K.Krueger M.Krus L.Kumar P.Kurnadi M.A.C.Lamont J.M.Landgraf S.LaPointe J.Lauret A.Lebedev R.Lednicky J.H.Lee W.Leight M.J.LeVine C.Lil L.Li N.Li W.Li X.Li X.Li Y.Li Z.M.Li M.A.Lisa F.Liu H.Liu J.Liu T.Ljubicic W.J.Llope R.S.Longacre W.A.Love Y.Lu E.V.Lukashov X.Luo G.L.Ma Y.G.Mai D.P.Mahapatra R.Majka O.I.Mall L.K.Mangotra R.Manweiler S.Margetis C.Markert H.Masui H.S.Matis Yu.A.Matulenko D.MeDonald T.S.McShane A.Meschanin R.Milner N.G.Minaev S.Mioduszewski A.Mischke M.K.Mitrovski B.Mohanty M.M.Mondal B.Morozov D.A.Morozov M.G.Munhoz M Argonne National Laboratory Argonnellinois 60439USA Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973USA University of Califomia BerkeleyCaliformnia 94720USA University of California DavisCalifornia 95616USA University of Califormnia Los AngelesCalifomia 90095USA Universidade Estadual de Campinas Sao PauloBrazil University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIlinois 60607USA Creighton University OmahaNebraska 68178USA Czech Technical University in Prague FNSPEPrague11519Czech Republic Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR 25068 Rez/PragueCzech Republic University of Frankfurt FrankfurtGermany Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar 751005India Indian Institute of Technology MumbaiIndia Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47408USA Alikhanov Instiute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics MoscowRussia University of Jammu Jammu 180001India Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna141980Russia Kent State University KentOhio 44242USA University of Kentucky LexingtonKentucky40506-0055USA Institute of Modern Physics LanzhouChina Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA 02139-4307USA Mx-Planck-Institut fir Physik MunichGermany Michigan State University East LansingMichigan 48824USA Moscow Engineering Physics Institute Moscow Russia NIKHEF and Utrecht University AmsterdamThe Netherlands Ohio State University ColumbusOhio 43210USA Old Dominion University NorfolkVA23529USA Panjab University Chandigarh 160014India PennsyIvania State University University ParkPennsylvania 16802USA Institute of High Energy Physics ProtvinoRussia Purdue University West LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Pusan National University PusanRepublic of Korea University of Rajasthan Jaipur 302004India Rice University HoustonTexas 77251USA Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao PauloBrazil University of Science&Technology of China Hefei 230026.China Shandong University JinanShandong 250100China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Shanghai 201800Chi

Dihadron azimuthal correlations containing a high transverse momentum(pr)trigger particle are sensit-ive to the properties of the nuclear medium created at RHIC through the strong interactions occurring between the traversing parton and the medium,ie.jet-quenching.Previous measurements revealed a strong modification to di-hadron azimuthal correlations in Au+Au collisions with respect to ptp and d+Au collisions.The modification in-creases with the collision centrality,suggesting a path-length or energy density dependence to the je-quenching ef-fect.This paper reports STAR measurements of dihadron azimuthal correlations in mid-central(20%-60%)Au+Au collisions at√^(S)NN=200 GeV as a function of the trigger particle's azimuthal angle relative to the event plane,Ф_(s)=|Ф_(t)-ψ_(Ep)|.The azimuthal correlation is studied as a function of both the trigger and associated particle pr.The subtractions of the combinatorial background and anisotropic flow,assuming Zero Yield At Minimum(ZYAM),are described.The correlation results are first discussed with subtraction of the even harmonic(elliptic and quadrangu-lar)flow backgrounds.The away-side correlation is strongly modifed,and the modification varies withФ_(s),with a double-peak structure for out-of-plane trigger particles.The near-side ridge(long range pseudo-rapidity△_(η)correla-tion)appears to drop with increasingФ_(s)while the jet-like component remains approximately constant.The correla-tion functions are further studied with the subtraction of odd harmonic triangular flow background arising from fluc-tuations.It is found that the triangular flow,while responsible for the majority of the amplitudes,is not sufficient to explain theφs-dependence of the ridge or the away-side double-peak structure.The dropping ridge withФ_(s)could be attributed to aФ_(s)-dependent lliptie anisotropy;however,the physics mechanism of the ridge remains an open ques-tion.Even with aФ_(s)-dependent elliptic flow,the away-side correlation structure is robust.These results,with extens-ive systema

关键词： relativistic heavy ion collisions dihadron correlations jet-medium interactions anisotropic flow background event plane

Sub-percent precision measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters with JUNO

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第12期46卷 28-49页

作者： Angel Abusleme Thomas Adam Shakeel Ahmad Rizwan Ahmed Sebastiano Aiello Muhammad Akram Abid Aleem 安丰鹏安琪 Giuseppe Andronico Nikolay Anfimov Vito Antonelli Tatiana Antoshkina Burin Asavapibhop João Pedro Athayde Marcondes de André Didier Auguste 白伟东 Nikita Balashov Wander Baldini Andrea Barresi Davide Basilico Eric Baussan Marco Bellato Antonio Bergnoli Thilo Birkenfeld Sylvie Blin David Blum Simon Blyth Anastasia Bolshakova Mathieu Bongrand Clément Bordereau Dominique Breton Augusto Brigatti Riccardo Brugnera Riccardo Bruno Antonio Budano Jose Busto Ilya Butorov Anatael Cabrera Barbara Caccianiga 蔡浩蔡啸蔡严克蔡志岩 Riccardo Callegari Antonio Cammi Agustin Campeny 曹传亚曹国富曹俊 Rossella Caruso Cédric Cerna Chi Chan 常劲帆 Yun Chang 陈国明陈平平 Po-An Chen 陈少敏 Xurong Chen 陈义学陈羽陈志源陈梓康程捷程雅苹 Yu Chin Cheng Alexey Chetverikov Davide Chiesa Pietro Chimenti Artem Chukanov Gérard Claverie Catia Clementi Barbara Clerbaux Selma Conforti Di Lorenzo Daniele Corti Flavio Dal Corso Olivia Dalager Christophe De La Taille 邓智邓子艳 Wilfried Depnering Marco Diaz Xuefeng Ding 丁雅韵 Bayu Dirgantara Sergey Dmitrievsky Tadeas Dohnal Dmitry Dolzhikov Georgy Donchenko 董建蒙 Evgeny Doroshkevich Marcos Dracos Frédéric Druillole 杜然杜书先 Stefano Dusini Martin Dvorak Timo Enqvist Heike Enzmann Andrea Fabbri Donghua Fan 樊磊方建方文兴 Marco Fargetta Dmitry Fedoseev 费政勇 Li-Cheng Feng 冯启春 Richard Ford Amélie Fournier 甘浩男高峰 Alberto Garfagnini Arsenii Gavrikov Marco Giammarchi Nunzio Giudice Maxim Gonchar 龚光华宫辉 Yuri Gornushkin Alexandre Göttel Marco Grassi Vasily Gromov 顾旻皓谷肖飞古宇关梦云管宇铎 Nunzio Guardone 郭聪郭竞渊郭万磊 Xinheng Guo 郭宇航 Paul Hackspacher Caren Hagner 韩然 Yang Han 何苗 Wei He Tobias Heinz Patrick Hellmuth 衡月昆 Rafael Herrera 贺远强侯少静 Yee Hsiung Bei-Zhen Hu 胡航 Jianrun Hu 胡俊胡守扬胡涛胡宇翔胡焯钧黄桂鸿黄翰雄黄凯旋黄文昊 Xin Huang 黄性涛黄永波惠加琪霍雷霍文驹 Cédric Huss Safeer Hussain Ara Ioannisian Roberto Isocrate Beatrice Jelmini Ignacio Jeria 季筱璐贾慧慧贾俊基蹇司玉蒋荻蒋炜江晓山荆小平 Cécile Jollet Jari Joutsenvaara Leonidas Kalousis Philipp Kampmann 康丽 Rebin Karaparambil Narine Kazarian Amina Khatun Yerevan Physics Institute YerevanArmenia UniversiéLibre de Bruxelles BrusselsBelgium Universidade Estadual de Londrina LondrinaBrazil Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroBrazil Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile SantiagoChile Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria ValparaisoChile Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering BeijingChina Beijing Normal University BeijingChina China Institute of Atomic Energy BeijingChina Institute of High Energy Physics BeijingChina North China Electric Power University BeijingChina School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijingChina Tsinghua University BeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Jilin University ChangchunChina College of Electronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina Chongqing University ChongqingChina Dongguan University of Technology DongguanChina Jinan University GuangzhouChina Sun Yat-Sen University GuangzhouChina Harbin Institute of Technology HarbinChina University of Science and Technology of China HefeiChina The Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry Group in University of South China HengyangChina Wuyi University JiangmenChina Shandong University JinanChinaand Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of EducationShandong UniversityQingdaoChina Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina Nanjing University NanjingChina Guangxi University NanningChina East China University of Science and Technology ShanghaiChina School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuangChina Nankai University TianjinChina Wuhan University WuhanChina Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'anChina Xiamen University XiamenChina School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou

JUNO is a multi-purpose neutrino observatory under construction in the south of China.This publication presents new sensitivity estimates for the measurement of the △m_(31)^(2),△m_(21)^(2),sin^(2)θ_(12),and sin^(2)θ_(13) oscillation parameters using reactor antineutrinos,which is one of the primary physics goals of the experiment.The sensitivities are obtained using the best knowledge available to date on the location and overburden of the experimental site,the nuclear reactors in the surrounding area and beyond,the detector response uncertainties,and the reactor antineutrino spectral shape constraints expected from the TAO satellite detector.It is found that the △m_(21)^(2) and sin^(2)θ_(12) oscillation parameters will be determined to 0.5%precision or better in six years of data collection.In the same period,the △m_(31)^(2) parameter will be determined to about 0.2%precision for each mass ordering hypothesis.The new precision represents approximately an order of magnitude improvement over existing constraints for these three parameters.

关键词： neutrino oscillation reactor antineutrino precision measurement JUNO

The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection(GRAND):Science and design

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第1期63卷 5-47页

作者： Jaime álvarez-Mu?iz Rafael Alves Batista Aswathi Balagopal V. Julien Bolmont Mauricio Bustamante Washington Carvalho Jr. Didier Charrier Isma?l Cognard Valentin Decoene Peter B.Denton Sijbrand De Jong Krijn D.De Vries Ralph Engel Ke Fang Chad Finley Stefano Gabici Quan Bu Gou Jun Hua Gu Claire Guépin Hong Bo Hu Yan Huang Kumiko Kotera Sandra Le Coz Jean-Philippe Lenain Guo Liang Léü Olivier Martineau-Huynh Miguel Mostafá Fabrice Mottez Kohta Murase Valentin Niess Foteini Oikonomou Tanguy Pierog Xiang Li Qian Bo Qin Duan Ran Nicolas Renault-Tinacci Markus Roth Frank G.Schr ?der Fabian Schüssler Cyril Tasse Charles Timmerman Matías Tueros Xiang Ping Wu Philippe Zarka Andreas Zech B.Theodore Zhang Jian Li Zhang Yi Zhang Qian Zheng Anne Zilles subatech Institut Mines-Telecom Atlantique – CNRS/IN2P3 – Université de Nantes Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace LPC2E CNRS-Université d’Orléans 12. Station de Radioastronomie de Nan?cay Observatoire de Paris Sorbonne Université UMR 7095 Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP) Radboud Universiteit Nationaal Instituut voor Kernfysica en Hoge Energie Fysica (NIKHEF) IIHE/ELEM Vrije Universiteit Brussel Institute for Nuclear Physics (IKP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Einstein Fellow Stanford University Department of Astronomy University of Maryland Departamento de Física de Partículas & Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Joint Space-Science Institute Oskar Klein Centre Stockholm University Department of Physics Stockholm University Astro Particule et Cosmologie (APC) Université Paris Diderot CNRS/IN2P3 CEA/Irfu Observatoire de Paris Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Science and Technology Xinjiang University Center for Particle and Gravitational Astrophysics Pennsylvania State University Department of Physics Pennsylvania State University Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics Pennsylvania State University Instituto de Astronomia Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas Universidade de S?o Paulo LUTH Observatoire de Paris CNRS Université Paris Diderot PSL Research University Clermont Université Université Blaise Pascal CNRS/IN2P3 Lab. de Physique Corpusculaire European Southern Observatory Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shandong Management University Bartol Research Institute Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Delaware IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay GEPI Observatoire de Paris CNRS Université Paris Diderot Instituto de F′?sica La P

The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection(GRAND) is a planned large-scale observatory of ultra-high-energy(UHE) cosmic particles, with energies exceeding 10~8 Ge V. Its goal is to solve the long-standing mystery of the origin of UHE cosmic rays. To do this, GRAND will detect an unprecedented number of UHE cosmic rays and search for the undiscovered UHE neutrinos and gamma rays associated to them with unmatched sensitivity. GRAND will use large arrays of antennas to detect the radio emission coming from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles in the atmosphere. Its design is modular: 20 separate, independent sub-arrays, each of 10000 radio antennas deployed over 10000 km~2. A staged construction plan will validate key detection techniques while achieving important science goals early. Here we present the science goals, detection strategy, preliminary design, performance goals, and construction plans for GRAND.

关键词： radio telescopes neutrinos in astronomical observations cosmic rays in astronomical observations radiowave radiation: sources galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays