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Powered by standards-new data tools for the climate sciences

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2010年第S1期3卷 85-102页

作者： Andrew Woolf stfc rutherford appleton laboratory e-Science CentreDidcotUK

The ultimate goal of much current research in earth science informatics is to enable more efficient discovery and use of environmental data.Large-scale efforts are underway at regional and global levels.For instance the European INSPIRE Directive(2007/2/EC)and international GEOSS initiative will both provide unprecedented catalogues of earth observation and environmental data,with links to online services providing direct access to digital data repositories.While the motivation for these emerging infrastructures is clear(e.***.understanding global change),it is less obvious how they might be implemented.Standards will play a major role and considerable effort is currently being devoted to their development by bodies like the International Organisation for Standardisation and the Open Geospatial *** search engines are amongst the most popular websites visited today.Using the metaphor of a web search portal,we review the potential of new geospatial standards to provide an advanced,userfriendly approach to discovery and use of climate-science data.

关键词： ISO OGC geospatial standards metadata feature types WFS GML

Integrating the Climate Science Modelling Language with geospatial software and services

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2009年第S1期2卷 29-39页

作者： D.Lowe A.Woolf B.Lawrence S.Pascoe rutherford appleton laboratory British Atmospheric Data CentreDidcotUK rutherford appleton laboratory STFC e-Science CentreDidcotUK

Much consideration is rightly given to the design of metadata models to describe data.At the other end of the data-delivery spectrum much thought has also been given to the design of geospatial delivery interfaces such as the Open Geospatial Consortium standards,Web Coverage Service(WCS),Web Map Server and Web Feature Service(WFS).Our recent experience with the Climate Science Modelling Language shows that an implementation gap exists where many challenges remain unsolved.To bridge this gap requires transposing information and data from one world view of geospatial climate data to another.Some of the issues include:the loss of information in mapping to a common information model,the need to create‘views’onto file-based storage,and the need to map onto an appropriate delivery interface(as with the choice between WFS and WCS for feature types with coverage-valued properties).Here we summarise the approaches we have taken in facing up to these problems.

关键词： climate modelling schema standards data interoperability

A Workflow Demonstrator for Processing Catalysis Research Data

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Data Intelligence 2022年第2期4卷 455-470页

作者： Abraham Nieva de la Hidalga Donato Decarolis Shaojun Xu Santhosh Matam Willinton Yesid Hernandez Enciso Josephine Goodall Brian Matthews C.Richard A.Catlow UK Catalysis Hub Research Complex at HarwellRutherford Appleton LaboratoryR92 HarwellOxfordshire OX11 OFAUK School of Chemistry Cardif UniversityMain BuildingPark PlaceCardiffCF103ATUK Scientific Computing Department stfc Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell CampusDidcotOX110QxUK Department of Chemistry University College LondonLondon WC1E6BTUK

The UK Catalysis Hub(UKCH)is designing a virtual research environment to support data processing and analysis,the Catalysis Research Workbench(CRW).The development of this platform requires identifying the processing and analysis needs of the UKCH members and mapping them to potential solutions.This paper presents a proposal for a demonstrator to analyse the use of scientific workflows for large scale data processing.The demonstrator provides a concrete target to promote further discussion of the processing and analysis needs of the UKCH community.In this paper,we will discuss the main requirements for data processing elicited and the proposed adaptations that will be incorporated in the design of the CRW and how to integrate the proposed solutions with existing practices of the UKCH.The demonstrator has been used in discussion with researchers and in presentations to the UKCH community,generating increased interest and motivating furtherdevelopment.

关键词： Workflow demonstrator Prototyping Scientific workflow Management Catalysis research data High-throughput processing and analysis

ADVANCED QUALITY CONCEPTS AND COMPOSITE RELIABILITY THROUGH STATISTICALPROCESS CONTROL

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1997年第3期10卷 263-269页

作者： D. Evans (CCLRC, rutherford appleton laboratory, Chilton, Oxon. OX14 2HQ U.K.) rutherford appleton lab Oxon United Kingdom

The physical properties of thermosetting resins and resin based composites may be influenced by changes in any one of the mang formulating or process related variables involved in their manufacture. When resins and composite materials are required to perform in aggressive environments, reliable and predicable performance is essential and therefore these materials must be prepared and tested in accorkance with a strictquality plan. This paper outlines the elements of statistical process control (S.P.C.)as it may be applied to non-metallic materials and discusses the concept of Capability Index (Cp).

关键词： physical property composite process control cryogenic application

Muon Spin Relaxation Study of Frustrated Tm_(3)Sb_(3)Mg_(2)O_(14)with Kagomé Lattice

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Chinese Physics Letters 2022年第10期39卷 45-49页

作者：杨燕兴陈锴文丁兆峰 Adrian D.Hillier 殳蕾 State Key laboratory of Surface Physics Department of PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China ISIS Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryChiltonDidcotOxfordshireOX110QXUnited Kingdom Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315China

The structure and magnetic properties of rare-earth ions Tm^(3+)Kagomé lattice Tm_(3)Sb_(3)Mg_(2)O_(14)are studied by x-ray diffraction,magnetic susceptibility and muon spin relaxation(𝜇SR)experiments.The existence of a small amount of Tm/Mg site-mixing disorder is revealed.DC magnetic susceptibility measurement shows that Tm^(3+)magnetic moments are antiferromagnetically correlated with a negative Curie-Weiss temperature of−26.3 K.Neither long-range magnetic order nor spin-glass transition is observed by DC and AC magnetic susceptibility,and confirmed by μSR experiment down to 0.1 K.However,the emergence of short-range magnetic order is indicated by the zero-field μSR experiments,and the absence of spin dynamics at low temperatures is evidenced by the longitudinal-field μSR technique.Compared with the results of Tm_(3)Sb_(3)Zn_(2)O_(14),another Tm-based Kagomé lattice with much more site-mixing disorder,the gapless spin liquid like behaviors in Tm_(3)Sb_(3)Zn_(2)O_(14)can be induced by disorder effect.Samples with perfect geometrical frustration are in urgent demand to establish whether QSL exists in this kind of materials with rare-earth Kagomé lattice.

关键词： technique effect susceptibility

Petawatt class lasers worldwide

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2015年第1期3卷 5-18页

作者： Colin Danson David Hillier Nicholas Hopps David Neely AWE stfc rutherford appleton laboratory

The use of ultra-high intensity laser beams to achieve extreme material states in the laboratory has become almost routine with the development of the petawatt laser. Petawatt class lasers have been constructed for specific research activities,including particle acceleration, inertial confinement fusion and radiation therapy, and for secondary source generation(x-rays, electrons, protons, neutrons and ions). They are also now routinely coupled, and synchronized, to other large scale facilities including megajoule scale lasers, ion and electron accelerators, x-ray sources and z-pinches. The authors of this paper have tried to compile a comprehensive overview of the current status of petawatt class lasers worldwide.The definition of ‘petawatt class' in this context is a laser that delivers >200 TW.

关键词： diode pumped high intensity high power lasers megajoule petawatt lasers

Pulse fidelity in ultra-high-power(petawatt class)laser systems

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2014年第4期2卷 5-16页

作者： Colin Danson David Neely David Hillier Centre for Inertial Fusion Studies (CIFS) Imperial College London AWE plc Aldermaston UK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

There are several petawatt-scale laser facilities around the world and the fidelity of the pulses to target is critical in achieving the highest focused intensities and the highest possible contrast. The United Kingdom has three such laser facilities which are currently open for access to the academic community: Orion at AWE, Aldermaston and Vulcan & Astra-Gemini at the Central Laser Facility(CLF), stfc(Science and Technology Facilities Council)rutherford appleton laboratory(RAL). These facilities represent the two main classes of petawatt facilities: the mixed OPCPA/Nd:glass high-energy systems of Orion and Vulcan and the ultra-short-pulse Ti:Sapphire system of AstraGemini. Many of the techniques used to enhance and control the pulse generation and delivery to target have been pioneered on these facilities. In this paper, we present the system designs which make this possible and discuss the contrast enhancement schemes that have been implemented.

关键词： petawatt laser contrast wavefront correction plasma mirror

Revealing the residual stress distribution in laser welded Eurofer97 steel by neutron diffraction and Bragg edge imaging

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第19期114卷 249-260页

作者： Bin Zhu Nathanael Leung Winfried Kockelmann Saurabh Kabra Andrew JLondon Michael Gorley Mark JWhiting Yiqiang Wang Tan Sui School of Mechanical Engineering Sciences University of SurreyGuildfordSurrey GU27XHUnited Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council(stfc)rutherford appleton laboratory ISIS FacilityHarwell OX110QXUnited Kingdom United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Culham Centre for Fusion EnergyCulham Science CentreAbingdonOxon OX143DBUnited Kingdom

Eurofer97 steel is a primary structural material for applications in fusion reactors. Laser welding is a promising technique to join Eurofer97 plasma-facing components and overcome remote handling and maintenance challenges. The interaction of the induced residual stress and the heterogeneous microstructure degrades the mechanical performance of such fusion components. The present study investigates the distribution of residual stress in as-welded and post-heat treated Eurofer97 joints. The mechanistic connections between microstructure, material properties, and residual stress are also studied. Neutron diffraction is used to study the through-thickness residual stress distribution in three directions,and neutron Bragg edge imaging(NBEI) is applied to study the residual strain in high spatial resolution.The microstructures and micro-hardness are characterised by electron backscatter diffraction and nanoindentation, respectively. The M-shaped residual stress distribution through the thickness of the as-welded weldment is observed by neutron diffraction line scans over a region of 1.41 × 10 mm^(2). These profiles are cross-validated over a larger area(∼56 × 40 mm^(2)) with the higher spatial resolution by NBEI. The micro-hardness value in the fusion zone of the as-welded sample almost doubles from 2.75 ± 0.09 GPa to 5.06 ± 0.29 GPa due to a combination of residual stress and cooling-induced martensite. Conventional post weld heat treatment(PWHT) is shown to release ∼90% of the residual stress but not fully restore the microstructure. By comparing its hardness with that of stress-free samples, it is found that the microstructure is the primary contribution to the hardening. This study provides insight into the prediction of structural integrity for critical structural components of fusion reactors.

关键词： Laser-welded Eurofer97 steel Residual stress Neutron diffraction Neutron Bragg edge imaging Nanoindentation EBSD

DYNAMICAL ELECTROWEAK SYMMETRY BREAKING： IMPLICATIONS OF THE H^0

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Chinese Physics C 2016年第10期40卷 872-884页

作者： R.S. Chivukula M. Narain J. Womersley Michigan State University Brown University stfc Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

1. Introduction and Phenomenology In theories of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking, the electroweak interactions are broken to electromagnetism by the vacuum expectation value of a composite operator, typically a fermion bilinear. In these theories, the longitudinal compo- nents of the massive weak bosons are identified with composite Nambu-Goldstone bosons arising from dynamical symmetry breaking in a strongly-coupled extension of the standard model. Viable theories of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking must also explain （or at least accommodate） the presence of an additional composite scalar state to be identified with the H^0 scalar boson [1,2] - a state unlike any other observed to date.

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