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Removal of Acid Gases in an Incinerator of Hospital Waste

Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2016年第11期10卷 681-691页

作者： Vaclav Vesely Petr Jirsa Zbyszek Szeliga Dusan Kovac Institute of Chemical Processes Fundamentals of the CAS v.v.i. Prague 616502 Czech Republic sms cz rokycany Rokyeany-Stred 33 7 01 Czech Republic VSB Technical University Ostrava-CENET Ostrava-Poruba 708 00 Czech Republic czech University of Life Sciences Prague 6 16512 Czech Republic

At combustion of hospital waste numerous harmful pollutants were formed inclusive persistent PCDD/F （polychlorinated dibenzodioxines and dibenzofuranes） compounds. To eliminate these substances an existing incinerator consisting of the furnace heat exchanger with flue gas cleaning was used. This incinerator had a capacity of 250 kg of waste per hour. Elimination od acid gases was executed by dosing of solid sorbents （calcium hydrate and bicarbonate） at two points of the waste gases duct. Local temperatures of waste gases at these two points were different. Sorbents were dosed at different distances from the textile filter by which ash and sorbent were separated from the stream of waste gases. By this arrangement it was possible to alter the residence time of sorbents in waste gases. The effect of addition of bicarbonate on dechlorination and desulphurisation was also studied. The executed experiments indicated that at dosing of calcium hydroxide into waste gases at higher temperatures sulphur oxides reacted preferably to hydrogen chloride. The strong effect of HCI in waste gases on formation of PCDD/F was proved. For sufficient elimination of persistent compounds from waste gases it was necessary to add beside calcium hydrate also active carbon. Two types of sorbents based on carbon were tested, namely Norit and Chezacarb B. Both were macroporous. Chezacarb B was carbon black from the process of hydrogen production by partial oxidation. Efficiency of both sorbents for removal of PCDD/F was similar.

关键词： PCDD/F adsorption desulphurisation dechlorination active carbon.

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