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Novel Method for Evaluating the Aging of Aviation Turbine Engine Oils via High-Temperature Bearing Deposit Tests

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China petroleum processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第1期26卷 67-77页

作者： Hao Lichun Yang He Song Haiqing Zhou Yunfan He Jingjian Liang Yuxiang sinopec research institute of petroleum processing co. Ltd.Beijing 100083

Aviation turbine engine oils require excellent thermal-oxidative stability because of their high-temperature ***-temperature bearing deposit testing is a mandatory method for measuring the thermal-oxidative performance of aviation lubricant oils,and the relevant apparatus was improved in the present *** different co.mercial aviation turbine engine oils were tested,one with standard performance(known as the SL oil)and the other with high thermal stability,and their thermal-oxidative stability characteristics were *** 100 h of high-temperature bearing testing,the SL oil was analyzed by using various analytical techniques to investigate its thermal-oxidative process in the bearing test,with its thermal-oxidative degradation mechanism also being *** results indicate that the developed high-temperature bearing apparatus easily meets the test requirements of method 3410.1 in standard *** visco.ity and total acid number(TAN)of the SL oil increased with the bearing test time,and various deposits were produced in the bearing test,with the micro-particles of the carbon deposits being sphere-like,rod-like,and sheet-like in *** antioxidant additives in the oil were co.sumed very rapidly in the first 30 h of the bearing test,with N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine being co.sumed faster than ***,the oil thermal-oxidative process involves very co.plex physical and chemical mechanisms.

关键词： aviation turbine engine oil high-temperature bearing deposit test thermal-oxidative degradation antioxidant additives

co.trollable co.densation of Aromatics and Its Mechanisms in Carbonization

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China petroleum processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第1期26卷 34-46页

作者： Fan Xi Wang Chunlu Luo Yang Ren Qiang Shen Haiping Long Jun sinopec research institute of petroleum processing co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China

In order to obtain liquefied products with higher yields of aromatic molecules to produce mesophase pitch,a good understanding of the relevant reaction mechanisms is *** molecular dynamics simulations were used to study the thermal reactions of pyrene,1-methylpyrene,7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzopyrene,and mixtures of pyrene with 1-octene,cyclohexene,or *** reactant co.version rates,reaction rates,and product distributions were calculated and co.pared,and the mechanisms were analyzed and *** results demonstrated that methyl and naphthenic structures in aromatics might improve the co.version rates of reactants in hydrogen transfer processes,but their steric hindrances prohibited the generation of high *** naphthenic structures co.ld generate more free radicals and presented a more obvious inhibition effect on the co.densation of polymers co.pared with the methyl side *** was disco.ered that when different olefins were mixed with pyrene,1-octene primarily underwent pyrolysis reactions,whereas cyclohexene mainly underwent hydrogen transfer reactions with pyrene and styrene,mostly producing superco.jugated biradicals through co.densation reactions with *** the mixture systems,the olefins scattered aromatic molecules,hindering the formation of pyrene trimers and higher *** to the reactive molecular dynamics simulations,styrene may enhance the yield of dimer and enable the co.trolled polyco.densation of pyrene.

关键词： carbonization co.trollable co.densation aromatics mechanisms molecular simulation

Advances in Polymeric Carbon Nitride Photocatalysts for Enhanced co.(2)Reduction

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China petroleum processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第2期26卷 1-12页

作者： Liu Bing Sun Shangco.g Song Ye Peng Bo Lin Wei sinopec research institute of petroleum processing co. Ltd.Beijing100083China

Photocatalysis has emerged as a promising alternative for co.verting and utilizing co.(2).Polymeric carbon nitride(PCN),typically synthesized through the one-step thermal polyco.densation of nitrogen-rich precursors,has shown co.siderable promise due to its adjustable band structure and inherent *** the past five years,significant literature in this field has identified five primary methods for modifying PCN:morphology modulation,element doping,defect induction,co.catalyst loading,and heterojunction co.struction.A detailed discussion on how each modification method influences light absorption,charge separation,and surface reaction efficiencies in photocatalysis is *** on these findings,several future directions for the development of PCN-based materials are proposed,such as designing tailored PCN structures for specific photocatalytic reactions and using theoretical calculations to verify and co.rect results from current characterization *** the challenges associated with the large-scale synthesis of PCN materials with co.trollable structures and satisfactory performance,this work offers valuable insights for advancing photocatalytic PCN-based systems for large-scale solar fuel production.

关键词： carbon nitride photocatalysis co.(2)reduction modification

Measurement and co.relation of Liquid-liquid Equilibria for 1-Hexene-n-Hexane-3-Methysulfolane

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China petroleum processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第2期26卷 81-87页

作者： Ma Rui Tian Longsheng Zhao Ming Yang Mingke Qie Siyuan sinopec research institute of petroleum processing co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China

Utilizing solvent extraction to separate alkanes and olefins from catalytic light gasoline is an effective method for maximizing the utility of gasoline *** study presents the determination of liquid-liquid equilibrium data for the ternary system of 1-hexene-n-hexane-3-methylsulfolane at 30℃,40℃,and 50℃under atmospheric *** obtained data facilitated the co.struction of a ternary phase diagram for the *** results showed that the extraction selectivity of 1-hexene/n-hexane exceeded 1.5 when using 3-methylsulfolane as the extraction ***,the thermodynamic co.sistency of the experimental data was examined using Hand’s equation and the Othmer-Tobias *** co.relation co.fficient,R^(2)≥0.9578,indicated the acceptable reliability of the phase equilibrium ***,the NRTL(non-random two liquid)model was used to co.relate the liquid-liquid phase equilibrium data and derive the binary interaction ***,the results demonstrated that the root mean square deviation of the NRTL model co.relation values from the experimental values did not exceed 2.5%.

关键词： liquid-liquid phase equilibrium 1-hexene n-hexane 3-methylsulfolane NRTL

Effect of the Particle Packing co.figuration on Fixed Bed Performance

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China petroleum processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第1期26卷 152-160页

作者： Li Ziqi Bao Di Zhou Han Tang Xiaojin sinopec research institute of petroleum processing co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China

Fixed-bed reactors are generally co.sidered the optimal choice for numerous multi-phase catalytic reactions due to their excellent performance and ***,co.ventional fixed beds often enco.nter challenges related to inadequate mass transfer and a high pressure drop caused by the non-uniform void fraction *** enhance the overall performance of fixed beds,the impact of different packing co.figurations on performance was *** and simulation methods were used to investigate the fluid flow and mass transfer performances of various packed beds under different flow *** was found that structured beds exhibited a significantly lower pressure drop per unit length than co.ventional packed ***,the packing co.figurations had a critical role in improving the overall performance of fixed ***,structured packed beds,particularly the H-2 packing co.figuration,effectively reduced the pressure drop per unit length and improved the mass transfer *** H-2 packing co.figuration co.sisted of two parallel strips of particles in each layer,with strips arranged perpendicularly between adjacent layers,and the spacing between the strips varied from layer to layer.

关键词： packing co.figurations fixed bed co.putational Fluid Dynamics simulation pressure drop mass transfer

Pilot Test of Preparing 2-Alkylanthraquinone Using Alkylation-Oxidation Technology

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China petroleum processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第1期26卷 88-97页

作者： Zheng Bo Qian Jianguo Shi Peng Pan Zhiyong Qie Siyuan Zhang Yueqin Fei Jianqi Qiao Liang Zong Baoning sinopec research institute of petroleum processing co. LtdBeijing 100083 Shijiazhuang United Petrochemical co. LtdShijiazhuang 050011

To expedite the development of industrial technology for producing 2-alkylanthraquinone,a novel pilot test of alkylation-oxidation technology was *** process mainly included anthracene alkylation,separation of anthracene and 2-alkylanthracene,oxidation of 2-alkylanthracene,and product *** alkylation co.ditions yielded a 91.1%co.version of anthracene and a 71.73%selectivity for *** address the separation problem of anthracene and 2-alkylanthracene,solvent-assisted distillation technology was developed,resulting in a 98.9%purity of 2-alkylanthracene and a 91.82%separation *** the molar ratio of H2O_(2) to 2-alkylanthracene was 7:1,a 98.96%co.version of 2-alkylanthracene and a 99.94%selectivity for 2-alkylanthraquinone were achieved.A novel co.position of 2-alkylanthraquinone,including 2-tert-butylanthraquinone,2-tert-amylanthraquinone,and 2-hexylanthraquinone,was *** co.position co.ld be effectively separated and purified through a co.bination of crystallization and washing *** elemental co.position of the product met the existing standards,and its hydrogenation performance closely matched that of co.mercially available 2-tert-amylanthraquinone products.

关键词： anthracene 2-alkylanthracene 2-alkylanthraquinone alkylation oxidation hydrogen peroxide

Effect of mesopore spatial distribution of HZSM-5 catalyst on zinc state and product distribution in 1-hexene aromatization

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 16-26页

作者： Chenhao Wei Di Gao Guohao Zhang Liang Zhao Jinsen Gao Chunming Xu The State Key Lab of Heavy Oil processing China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China sinopec research institute of petroleum processing co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China

1-hexene aromatization is a promising technology to co.vert excess olefin in fluid catalytic cracking(FCC)gasoline to high-value benzene(B),toluene(T),and ***,the increasing market demand of xylene has put forward higher requirements for new generation of *** increasing xylene yield in 1-hexene aromatization,the effect of mesopore structure and spatial distribution on product distribution and Zn loading was *** with different mesopore spatial distribution were prepared by post-treatment of parent HZSM-5 zeolite,including NaOH treatment,tetra-propylammonium hydroxide(TPAOH)treatment,and *** was found the evenly distributed mesopore mainly prolongs the catalyst lifetime by enhancing diffusion properties but reduces the aromatics selectivity,as a result of damage of micropores close to the catalyst *** the selectivity of high-value xylene can be highly promoted when the mesopore is mainly distributed interior the ***,the state of loaded Zn was also affected by mesopores spatial *** the optimized catalyst,the xylene selectivity was enhanced by 12.4%co.pared with co.ventional Zn-loaded parent HZSM-5 catalyst at co.version over 99%.It was attributed to the synergy effect of mesopores spatial distribution and optimized acid *** work reveals the role of mesopores in different spatial positions of 1-hexene aromatization catalysts in the reaction process and the influence on metal distribution,as well as their synergistic effect two on the improvement of xylene selectivity,which can improve our understanding of catalyst pore structure and be helpful for the rational design of high-efficient catalyst.

关键词： 1-Hexene aromatization Alkali treatment Xylene selectivity Mesopores Zinc state

Polymer-encapsulated metal co.plex catalysts:An emerging and efficient platform for electrochemical co.(2) reduction

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 33-50页

作者： Yingshuo Liu Shuaishuai Lyu Fuli Wen Weixuan Nie Shuqing Wang sinopec research institute of petroleum processing co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China School of Engineering Westlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China

Over the past decade,electrocatalytic reduction of co.(2)has gained substantial ***,hardly any of the previous reviews have focused on the systematic discussion of polymer-molecular catalyst co.posites as an emerging system for the electrochemical transformation of co.(2)to value-added *** this review,we first give a brief overview of the general features of solid-state and molecular catalysts,and then advance the discussion to polymer-catalyst co.posite systems,with particular emphasis on polymer-encapsulated molecular catalysts,where the co.rdination environment surrounding molecular catalysts can be modified via polymer encapsulation to promote the overall performance of co.(2)*** elucidation of the possible reaction mechanisms of this emerging electrocat-alytic system along with proposed optimization strategies is also summarized and discussed based on recently published reports,followed by the challenges and prospects of their industrial applications at the end of this *** this review,we hope the audience can gain a co.prehensive understanding of the electrocatalytic mechanism of the co.rdinating polymers and valuable insights into engineering the microenvironment surrounding the metal co.plexes for potential future research directions.

关键词： Polymer-molecular catalyst co.posite Polymer encapsulation co.rdination environment co.(2)electrocatalysis Electrocatalytic mechanism

Development and Catalytic Cracking Performance of Ultrastable Y Zeolite Rich in Seco.dary Pores

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China petroleum processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第2期26卷 13-21页

作者： Li Jiaxing Wang Shengji Sha Hao Wang Juan Zhou Lingping Wang Lixia sinopec research institute of petroleum processing co. LtdBeijing 100083China Catalyst co. Ltd.Qilu BranchSINOPECZibo 255336China

A novel ultra-stable zeolite, NSZ, rich in seco.dary pores was developed through the co.bination of gas-phase andmild hydrothermal methods. This zeolite was successfully tested in an industrial setting for the first time in the world. The porestructure characteristics of the NSZ zeolite prepared for industrial use were analyzed and characterized using BET. The resultsindicate a significant increase in the seco.dary pore volume of NSZ zeolite co.pared to the existing ultra-stable zeolite HSZ-5, which is produced through a co.ventional gas-phase method. The average seco.dary pore volume to total pore volume ratioin NSZ zeolite was found to be 58.96% higher. The catalytic cracking performance of NSZ zeolite was evaluated. The resultsshowed that the NSC-LTA catalyst, with NSZ as the active co.ponent, outperformed the HSC-LTA catalyst with HSZ-5 zeolitein terms of obtaining more high-value products (gasoline and liquefied petroleum gas) during the hydrogenated light cycle oilprocessing. Additionally, the NSC-LTA catalyst showed a significant improvement in co.e selectivity.

关键词： gas-phase ultra-stable zeolite catalyst catalytic cracking