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Simultaneous Preservation of Soil Structural Properties and Phospholipid Profiles: A Comparison of Three Drying Techniques

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Pedosphere 2008年第3期18卷 284-287页

作者： L. J. DEACON D. V. GRINEV J. W. CRAWFORD J. HARRIS K. RITZ I. M. YOUNG National Soil Resources Institute Department of Natural Resources School of Applied Sciences Cranfield University Cranfield MK43 0AL (UK) simbios centre University of Abertay Dundee DD1 1HG (UK) Integrated Earth Systems Science Institute Department of Natural Resources School of Applied Sciences Cranfield University Cranfield MK43 0AL (UK)

There is a need to simultaneously preserve evidence of interactions between the biological community and soil structural properties of a soil in as near an intact （natural） state as possible. Three dehydration techniques were implemented and assessed for their ability to minimise disruption of both biological and physical properties of the same arable soil sample. Dehydration techniques applied until samples were at constant weight were i） air-drying at 20℃ （AD）; ii） -80 ℃ freeze for 24 h, followed by freeze-drying （-80FD）; and iii） liquid nitrogen snap freeze, followed by freeze-drying （LNPD） and were compared to a moist control. Physical structure was determined and quantified in three dimensions using X-ray computed tomography and microbial phenotypic community composition was assessed using phospholipid fatty acid （PLPA） profiling. This study confirms that any form of dehydration, when preparing soil for simultaneous biological and physical analysis, will alter the soil physical properties, and cause some change in apparent community structure. Freeze-drying （both the LNFD and -80FD treatments） was found to minimise disruption （when compared to the moist control soil） to both the soil physical properties and the community structure and is a preferable technique to air-drying which markedly alters the size and character of the pore network, as well as the phenotypic profile. The LNFD was the preferred treatment over the -80FD treatment as samples show low variability between replicates and a fast turn-around time between samples. Therefore snap freezing in liquid nitrogen, followed by freeze drying is the most appropriate form of dehydration when two sets of data, both physical and biological, need to be preserved simultaneously from a soil core.

关键词： biological community dehydration phospholipid profile physical properties preservation

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Soil Nitrogen Availability Is Reflected in the Bacterial Pathway

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Pedosphere 2011年第1期21卷 26-30页

作者： V.KRIVTSOV B.S.GRIFFITHS K.LIDDELL A.GARSIDE R.SALMOND T.BEZGINOVA J.THOMPSON6 centre for the study of Environmental Change and Sustainability(CECS) School of GeoSciencesUniversity of EdinburghWest Mains RoadEdinburgh EH9 3JNScotland(UK) Department of Ecology Kharkov State University Teagasc Environment Research Institute Johnstown Castle University of Abertay Dundee SIMBIOSSchool of Science & Engineering Royal Museum of Scotland Edinburgh(UK) Hope Hospital Manchester(UK) Scottish Crop Research Institute InvergowrieDundeeScotland(UK)

Measurements of concentrations of easily extractable soil nitrogen(N) were carried out on samples collected at the Heron Wood Reserve,Scotland,concurrently with investigations of N associated with total microbial biomass and the abundances of bacteria,fungi,and *** biota at the studied site appeared to be limited by *** was a remarkable difference between the ambient(i.e.,easily extractable N) and biomass *** abundance data of bacteria,protozoa and nematodes significantly negatively correlated with ambient N but showed positive correlations with the total microbial N *** were,however,remarkable differences between the correlation patterns exhibited by the fungal and the bacterial pathways,as fungi did not show any correlations with chemical *** differences should be taken into account whilst interpreting biological interactions both at this important site and elsewhere.

关键词： bacteria fungi nematodes protozoa woodland

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