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Design of a 3D-printed liquid lithium divertor target plate and its interaction with high-density plasma

Plasma science and Technology 2024年第8期26卷 112-120页

作者：苑聪聪叶宗标刘建星郭恒鑫彭怡超廖加术陈波陈建军王宏彬韦建军张秀杰芶富均 Institute of Nuclear science and Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064People’s Republic of China Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064People’s Republic of China southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610064People’s Republic of China

A liquid Li divertor is a promising alternative for future fusion *** this work a new divertor model is proposed,which is processed by 3D-printing technology to accurately control the size of the internal capillary *** a steady-state heat load of 10 MW m^(-2),the thermal stress of the tungsten target is within the bearing range of tungsten by finite-element *** order to evaluate the wicking ability of the capillary structure,the wicking process at 600℃ was simulated by *** result was identical to that of the corresponding *** 1 s,liquid lithium was wicked to the target surface by the capillary structure of the target and quickly spread on the target *** the wicking process,the average wicking mass rate of lithium should reach 0.062 g s^(-1),which could even supplement the evaporation requirement of liquid lithium under an environment>950℃.Irradiation experiments under different plasma discharge currents were carried out in a linear plasma device(sCU-PsI),and the evolution of the vapor cloud during plasma irradiation was *** was found that the target temperature tends to plateau despite the gradually increased input current,indicating that the vapor shielding effect is gradually *** irradiation experiment also confirmed that the 3D-printed tungsten structure has better heat consumption performance than a tungsten mesh structure or multichannel *** results reveal the application potential and feasibility of a 3D-printed porous capillary structure in plasma-facing components and provide a reference for further liquid-solid combined target designs.

关键词： fusion divertor 3D-printing tungsten lithium liquid metal

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starch Orodispersible Film Loaded with Melatonin for Human supplementation

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第7期12卷 1343-1354页

作者： Fabio Tamanini Tatiane Zucchini de souza Creusa sayuri Tahara Amaral Antônio JoséFelix Carvalho Eliane Trovatti Department of Health and Biological sciences University of Araraquara(UNIARA)São Paulo14801-340Brazil Department of Materials Engineering São Carlos School of EngineeringUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo13563-120Brazil

An innovative pharmaceutical form for administering melatonin,based on starch orodispersibleﬁlm(ODF),was designed and *** composition of the ODF included starch as the polymer matrix,the active drug melatonin,and a ***,a natural hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain,can be absorbed by passive diffusion across the mucous membrane,resulting in improved bioavailability when compared to conventional oral *** study shows a simple and efﬁcient method for preparing melatonin-loaded orodispersibleﬁlms with a physically stable and commercially viable matrix,suitable for use in the pharmaceutical ***ﬁlms were prepared by treating the starch with microwave irradiation,followed by plasticization with glycerol,melatonin loading and drying by solvent *** tests showed theﬁlms’robustness,with a modulus of approximately 97 MPa,indicating good handling *** uptake analysis showed fast water absorption,reaching about 150%within 2 min,indicating its fast oral disintegration *** tests in artiﬁcial saliva and dissolution studies indicated the release of the drug in min-utes,indicating the potential properties of theﬁlm for oral drug *** the best of our knowledge,there is no melatonin ODF based on starch described in the literature.

关键词： starch orodispersibleﬁlm melatonin drug delivery

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MOFs‑Derived strategy and Ternary Alloys Regulation in Flower‑Like Magnetic‑Carbon Microspheres with Broadband Electromagnetic wave Absorption

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 479-493页

作者： Mengqiu Huang Bangxin Li Yuetong Qian Lei Wang Huibin Zhang Chendi Yang Longjun Rao Gang Zhou Chongyun Liang Renchao Che Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering&TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China Materials Genome Institute Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444People’s Republic of China school of Materials science and Engineering Shanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghai 201418People’s Republic of China College of Physics Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311100People’s Republic of China

Broadband electromagnetic(EM)wave absorption materials play an important role in military stealth and health ***,metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)-derived magnetic-carbon CoNiM@C(M=Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn)microspheres are fabricated,which exhibit flower-like nano–microstructure with tunable EM response *** on the MOFs-derived CoNi@C microsphere,the adjacent third element is introduced into magnetic CoNi alloy to enhance EM wave absorption *** term of broadband absorption,the order of efficient absorption bandwidth(EAB)value is Mn>Fe=Zn>Cu in the CoNiM@C ***,MOFs-derived flower-like CoNiMn@C microspheres hold outstanding broadband absorption and the EAB can reach up to 5.8 GHz(covering 12.2–18 GHz at 2.0 mm thickness).Besides,off-axis electron holography and computational simulations are applied to elucidate the inherent dielectric dissipation and magnetic *** heterointerfaces in CoNiMn@C promote the aggregation of the negative/positive charges at the contacting region,forming interfacial *** graphitized carbon layer catalyzed by the magnetic CoNiMn core offered the electron mobility path,boosting the conductive *** importantly,magnetic coupling is observed in the CoNiMn@C to strengthen the magnetic responding *** study provides a new guide to build broadband EM absorption by regulating the ternary magnetic alloy.

关键词： Magnetic-carbon microspheres MOFs derivatives Electromagnetic wave absorption Magnetic loss Broadband absorption

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Enhancement of the CO_(2)adsorption and hydrogenation to CH_(4)capacity of Ru–Na–Ca/γ–Al_(2)O_(3)dual function material by controlling the Ru calcination atmosphere

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第6期140卷 292-305页

作者： Alejandro Bermejo-López Beñat Pereda-Ayo Jon A.Onrubia-Calvo JoséA.González-Marcos Juan R.González-Velasco Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversidad del País Vasco UPV/EHUBarrio Sarrienas/n48940 LeioaBizkaiaSpain

Integrated CO_(2)capture and utilization(ICCU)technology requires dual functional materials(DFMs)to carry out the process in a single reaction *** influence of the calcination atmosphere on efficiency of 4%Ru-8%Na_(2)CO_(3)-8%CaO/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)DFM is *** adsorbent precursors are first co-impregnated onto alumina and calcined in ***,Ru precursor is impregnated and four aliquotes are subjected to different calcination protocols:static air in muffle or under different mixtures(10%H_(2)/N_(2),50%H_(2)/N_(2)and N_(2))*** are characterized by XRD,N_(2)adsorption-desorption,H_(2)chemisorption,TEM,XPs,H_(2)-TPD,H_(2)-TPR,CO_(2)-TPD and *** catalytic behavior is evaluated,in cycles of CO_(2)adsorption and hydrogenation to CH_(4),and temporal evolution of reactants and products concentrations is *** calcination atmosphere influences the physicochemical properties and,ultimately,activity of *** data and catalytic performance discover the acccomodation of Ru nanoparticles disposition and basic sites is mostly influencing the catalytic *** calcined under N_(2)flow(RuNaCa-N_(2))shows the highest CH_(4)production(449μmol/g at 370℃),because a well-controlled decomposition of precursors which favors the better accomodation of adsorbent and Ru phases,maximizing the specific surface area,the Ru-basic sites interface and the participation of different basic sites in the CO_(2)methanation ***,the calcination in a N_(2)flow is revealed as the optimal calcination protocol to achieve highly efficient DFM for integrated CO_(2)adsorption and hydrogenation applications.

关键词： CO_(2)methanation Integrated CO_(2)capture and utilization(ICCU) Dual functional material(DFM) Ru calcination atmosphere

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Preliminary study of the electrospray DPE peculiarities from the liquid surface in the presence of the CsWs

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第5期26卷 110-120页

作者：贺伟国霍卫杰韩罗峰朱康武王锋王泽坤 school of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444People’s Republic of China shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute Shanghai 201109People’s Republic of China shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute Shanghai 201109People’s Republic of China

The Ultrasonic Electric Propulsion(UEP)system is a cutting-edge propulsion technology that is mostly used on platforms for small satellites(less than 10 kg).The characteristics of droplet partial emissions(DPEs)in the UEP system are investigated using a high-speed imaging technique(an ultra-high speed camera(NAC HX-6)and a long-distance microscope)in this *** experiments demonstrate that there are a few partial emission modes,including left-side emission,double-side emission,and right-side emission,that are present in the droplet emission process of the UEP *** modes are primarily caused by the partial formation of capillary standing waves(CsWs)on the emission surface of the ultrasonic *** emission rate for single-and double-sided emissions varies at different times,indicating that there are different CsWs engaged in droplet emission due to variations in the liquid film thickness and charge state of the liquid ***,as the droplets emit continuously,a raised area on the emission surface appears,with several droplets emitting there as a result of charge ***,photos of the CsWs with emitting droplets are obtained,which highlights the CsWs'distinctive wave morphology.

关键词： ultrasonic electric propulsion system microsatellite high-speed imaging technique droplet partial emissions electric field

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Research on a deconvolution algorithm for laser-induced fluorescence diagnosis based on the maximum entropy principle

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第7期26卷 93-107页

作者：雷清雲杨雄程谋森张帆郭大伟李小康肖文杰 National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073People’s Republic of China Bejing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology Beijing 100094People’s Republic of China

Laser-induced fluorescence(LIF)spectroscopy is employed for plasma diagnosis,necessitating the utilization of deconvolution algorithms to isolate the Doppler effect from the raw spectral ***,direct deconvolution becomes invalid in the presence of noise as it leads to infinite amplification of high-frequency noise *** address this issue,we propose a deconvolution algorithm based on the maximum entropy *** validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by utilizing simulated LIF spectra at various noise levels(signal-to-noise ratio,sNR=20–80 d B)and measured LIF spectra with Xe as the working *** the typical measured spectrum(sNR=26.23 d B)experiment,compared with the Gaussian filter and the Richardson–Lucy(R-L)algorithm,the proposed algorithm demonstrates an increase in sNR of 1.39 d B and 4.66 d B,respectively,along with a reduction in the root-meansquare error(RMsE)of 35%and 64%,***,there is a decrease in the spectral angle(sA)of 0.05 and 0.11,*** the high-quality spectrum(sNR=43.96 d B)experiment,the results show that the running time of the proposed algorithm is reduced by about98%compared with the R-L iterative ***,the maximum entropy algorithm avoids parameter optimization settings and is more suitable for automatic *** conclusion,the proposed algorithm can accurately resolve Doppler spectrum details while effectively suppressing noise,thus highlighting its advantage in LIF spectral deconvolution applications.

关键词： maximum entropy spectral deconvolution laser-induced fluorescence spectrum

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Characteristics of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of liquid slag

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第2期26卷 86-93页

作者：董长言于洪霞孙兰香李洋刘修业周平黄少文 state Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Networked Control systems Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People's RepublicofChina Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110169People's Republic of China shenyang University of Technology Shenyang 110870People's Republic of China shenyang Ligong University Shenyang 1i0142People's Republic of China shandong Iron and steel Company Ltd. Jinan 271105People's Republic of China

Rapid online analysis of liquid slag is essential for optimizing the quality and energy efficiency of steel production. To investigate the key factors that affect the online measurement of refined slag using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBs), this study examined the effects of slag composition and temperature on the intensity and stability of the LIBs spectra. The experimental temperature was controlled at three levels: 1350℃, 1400℃, and 1450℃. The results showed that slag composition and temperature significantly affected the intensity and stability of the LIBs spectra. Increasing the Fe content and temperature in the slag reduces its viscosity, resulting in an enhanced intensity and stability of the LIBs spectra. Additionally, 42 refined slag samples were quantitatively analyzed for Fe, si, Ca, Mg, Al, and Mn at 1350℃, 1400℃, and 1450℃.The normalized full spectrum combined with partial least squares(PLs) quantification modeling was used, using the Ca Ⅱ 317.91 nm spectral line as an internal standard. The results show that using the internal standard normalization method can significantly reduce the influence of spectral fluctuations. Meanwhile, a temperature of 1450℃ has been found to yield superior results compared to both 1350℃ and 1400℃, and it is advantageous to conduct a quantitative analysis of the slag when it is in a “water-like” state with low viscosity.

关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBs) slag temperature composition viscosity internal standard normalization partial least squares(PLs)

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Linear instability of hairy black holes in Horndeski theory

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第7期48卷 253-258页

作者：张超朱涛 Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas Basic Research Center for Energy InterdisciplinaryCollege of ScienceChina University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing 102249China Institute for Theoretical Physics and Cosmology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China United Center for Gravitational wave Physics(UCGWP) Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China

Horndeski theory constitutes the most general model of scalar-tensor *** has attracted much attention in recent years in relation with black holes,celestial dynamics,stability analysis,*** is important to note that,for certain subclasses of Horndeski models,one can obtain analytic solutions for the background *** facilitates the investigation of the corresponding stability problems in *** particular,we aim to determine the constraints to the model or theory under which the stability conditions can be *** this study,we focused on a subclass of Horndeski theory and a set of analytic background *** addition,the odd-parity gravitational perturbation and 2nd-order Lagrangian were *** careful analysis,the instability was identified within the neighborhood of the event *** allows exclusion of a specific geometry for the *** an instability is implanted in the structure of the corresponding Lagrangian and is not erased by simply adding numerical constraints on the coupling *** a starting point of our research,the current study provides insights for further exploration of the Horndeski theory.

关键词： black holes black hole perturbations scalar-tensor theories Horndeski theory

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Multi-layer phenomena in petawatt laser-driven acceleration of heavy ions

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第2期26卷 70-76页

作者：苏琬晴曹喜光马春旺王玉廷张国强 College of Physics Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007People's Republic of China shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210People's Republic of China shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800People's Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Bejing 100049People's Republic of China Institute of Nuclear science and Technology Henan Academy of ScienceZhengzhou 450046People's Republic of China

Laser-accelerated high-flux-intensity heavy-ion beams are important for new types of accelerators.A particle-in-cell program(smilei) is employed to simulate the entire process of station of Extreme Light(sEL) 100 PW laser-accelerated heavy particles using different nanoscale short targets with a thickness of 100 nm Cr, Fe, Ag, Ta, Au, Pb, Th and U, as well as 200 nm thick Al and Ca. An obvious stratification is observed in the simulation. The layering phenomenon is a hybrid acceleration mechanism reflecting target normal sheath acceleration and radiation pressure acceleration, and this phenomenon is understood from the simulated energy spectrum,ionization and spatial electric field distribution. According to the stratification, it is suggested that high-quality heavy-ion beams could be expected for fusion reactions to synthesize superheavy nuclei. Two plasma clusters in the stratification are observed simultaneously, which suggest new techniques for plasma experiments as well as thinner metal targets in the precision machining process.

关键词： petawatt laser-plasma interaction laser-driven heavy-ion accelerator for synthesizing superheavy nuclei particle-in-cell multi-layer phenomena target fabrication

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A dual-route optical emission spectroscopy diagnostic with wide spectral range and high wavelength resolution on HL-2A tokamak

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第3期26卷 25-30页

作者：陈越高继昆龙婷聂林高金明马尧黄渊田文静刘延民朱晓东庄革钟武律许敏 school of Physical sciences School of Nuclear Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People's Republic of China southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041People's Republic of China Tsinghua University Beijing 100084People's Republic of China

A dual-route optical emission spectroscopy(D-OEs)diagnostic is newly developed to monitor the optical emission from the X-point plasma region on the HL-2 A *** diagnostic is composed of an imaging system,a beam-splitting system for dual-route measurements,fiber bundles,a spectrometer system,and a control and acquisition *** route is used to obtain wide-spectral-range spectra,and the other route is used to acquire high-wavelengthresolution line *** spectral resolution of the wide-range spectrometers is 0.8 nm with a coverage of 800 nm(@200-1000 nm).The spectral resolution of the high-resolution spectrometer is 0.01 nm with a coverage of 6 nm(@200-660 nm).The spatial resolution of each route of D-OEs is about 4 cm with 11 *** temporal resolution is 16 ms at maximum in the single-channel ***-range spectra(containing Balmer series and a Fulcher band)and highly resolved Ha line shapes are obtained by D-OEs in the hydrogen glow discharge in the lab.D-OEs measurements are carried out in the high-density deuterium experiments of *** electron density n_(e)and deuterium temperature T_(D) in the X-point multifaceted asymmetric radiation from the edge(MARFE)region are derived simultaneously by fitting the measured D_(a) *** density n_(e)is observed to increase from~8.7×10^(18)m^(-3)to~7.8×10^(19)m^(-3),and the temperature T_(D)drops from~14.4 eV to~2.3 eV after the onset of MARFE in the discharge#38260.

关键词： optical emission spectroscopy Balmer series tokamak

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