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MXene Hybridized polymer with Enhanced Electromagnetic Energy Harvest for sensitized Microwave Actuation and self‑powered Motion sensing

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 265-279页

作者： Yu‑Ze Wang Yu‑Chang Wang Ting‑Ting Liu Quan‑Liang Zhao Chen‑sha Li Mao‑sheng Cao school of Materials science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China school of Materials science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China school of Mechanical and Material Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144People’s Republic of China key Laboratory of Functional inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of ChinaHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080People’s Republic of China

polymeric microwave actuators combining tissue-like softness with programmablemicrowave-responsive deformation hold great promise for mobile intelligentdevices and bionic soft robots. However, their application is challenged by restricted electromagneticsensitivity and intricate sensing coupling. in this study, a sensitized polymericmicrowave actuator is fabricated by hybridizing a liquid crystal polymer with Ti3C2Tx(MXene). Compared to the initial counterpart, the hybrid polymer exhibits unique spacechargepolarization and interfacial polarization, resulting in significant improvements of230% in the dielectric loss factor and 830% in the apparent efficiency of electromagneticenergy harvest. The sensitized microwave actuation demonstrates as the shortenedresponse time of nearly 10 s, which is merely 13% of that for the initial shape memory polymer. Moreover, the ultra-low content of MXene (upto 0.15 wt%) benefits for maintaining the actuation potential of the hybrid polymer. An innovative self-powered sensing prototype that combinesdriving and piezoelectric polymers is developed, which generates real-time electric potential feedback (open-circuit potential of ~ 3 mV) duringactuation. The polarization-dominant energy conversion mechanism observed in the MXene-polymer hybrid structure furnishes a new approachfor developing efficient electromagnetic dissipative structures and shows potential for advancing polymeric electromagnetic intelligent devices.

关键词： Microwave absorption Electromagnetic response Energy harvest self-sensing soft actuator

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Design of insulation support system of 120 keV positive ion source accelerator

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plasma science and Technology 2025年第1期27卷 128-133页

作者： Wen DENG Yahong XiE Yuming GU Yunfei JiANG Longbin LiU Fang WANG Jianglong WEi Chundong HU University of science and Technology of China Hefei 230026People’s Republic of China institute of plasma physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China East China University of Technology Nanchang 330013People’s Republic of China Anhui University Hefei 230601People’s Republic of China

in order to support the physical research on the EAsT tokamak,a new positive ion source with designed beam energy of 120 keV was proposed to be *** structure is one of the key components of the ion *** the finite element analysis method,the electrostatic analyses of insulators and grid plates were carried out,the material and structure parameters of insulators were *** maximum electric field around each insulator is about 4 kV/mm,and the maximum electric field between grids is about 14 kV/mm,which can meet the 120 keV withstand voltage *** insulation system for the positive ion source accelerator with 120 keV is designed,and the connection and basic parameters of insulators and support flanges are analyzed and determined.

关键词： positive ion source accelerator insulation support system electrostatic simulation

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Ammonium sensing patch with Ultrawide Linear Range and Eliminated interference for Universal Body Fluids Analysis

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 332-346页

作者： Mingli Huang Xiaohao Ma Zongze Wu Jirong Li Yuqing shi Teng Yang Jiarun Xu shuhan Wang kongpeng Lv Yuanjing Lin school of Microelectronics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China Department of interventional Radiology Shenzhen People’s HospitalShenzhen 518020People’s Republic of China College of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Shaoyang UniversityShaoyang 422000HunanPeople’s Republic of China shenzhen Hainwise Medical Technology Co. LTDShenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China shenzhen institute for Drug Control(shenzhen Testing Center of Medical Devices) Shenzhen 518000People’s Republic of China institute of innovative Materials Guangming Advanced Research InstituteSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China

Ammonium level in body fluids serves as one of the critical biomarkers for healthcare,especially those relative to liver *** continuous and real-time monitoring in both invasive and noninvasive manners is highly desired,while the ammonium concentrations vary largely in different body ***,the sensing reliability based on ion-selective biosensors can be significantly interfered by potassium *** tackle these challenges,a flexible and biocompatible sensing patch for wireless ammonium level sensing was reported with an ultrawide linear range for universal body fluids including blood,tears,saliva,sweat and *** as-prepared biocompatible sensors deliver a reliable sensitivity of 58.7 mV decade-1 in the range of 1-100 mM and a desirable selectivity coefficient of 0.11 in the interference of potassium ions,attributed to the cross-calibration within the sensors *** sensor’s biocompatibility was validated by the cell growth on the sensor surface(>80%),hemolysis rates(igible cellular inflammatory responses and weight changes of the mice with implanted *** biocompatible sensors with ultrawide linear range and desirable selectivity open up new possibility of highly compatible biomarker analysis via different body fluids in versatile approaches.

关键词： Biocompatible sensors implantable bioelectronics Ammonium sensing Cross-calibration Ultrawide linear range

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The Electric Vehicle surge:Effective solutions for Charging Challenges with Advanced Converter Technologies

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Energy Engineering 2025年第2期122卷 431-469页

作者： Rajanand patnaik Narasipuram Md M.pasha saleha Tabassum Amit singh Tandon sustainability Group Cyient Ltd.Pune411057India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering K.S.R.M.College of EngineeringKadapa516003India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering K.S.R.M.College of EngineeringKadapa516003India Mobility Group Eaton India Innovation Center LLPPune411028India

The global adoption of Electric Vehicles(EVs)is on the rise due to their advanced features,with projections indicating they will soon dominate the private vehicle ***,improper management of EV charging can lead to significant *** paper reviews the development of high-power,reliable charging solutions by examining the converter topologies used in rectifiers and converters that transfer electricity from the grid to EV *** covers technical details,ongoing developments,and challenges related to these topologies and control *** integration of rapid charging stations has introduced various power Quality(pQ)issues,such as voltage fluctuations,harmonic distortion,and supra-harmonics,which are discussed in *** paper also highlights the benefits of controlled EV charging and discharging,including voltage and frequency regulation,reactive power compensation,and improved power *** energy management and control strategies are crucial for optimizing EV battery charging within microgrids to meet increasing *** stations must adhere to specific converter topologies,control strategies,and industry standards to function *** paper explores microgrid architectures and control strategies that integrate EVs,energy storage units(EsUs),and Renewable Energy sources(REs)to enhance performance at charging *** emphasizes the importance of various REs-connected architectures and the latest power converter ***,the paper provides a comparative analysis of microgrid-based charging station architectures,focusing on energy management,control strategies,and charging converter *** goal is to offer insights into future research directions in EV charging systems,including architectural considerations,control factors,and their respective advantages and disadvantages.

关键词： Electric vehicles converters rectifiers power and voltage levels efficiency supra-harmonics

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Lessons from Nature:Advances and perspectives in Bionic Microwave Absorption Materials

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 454-486页

作者： Dashuang Wang Tuo ping Zhilan Du Xiaoying Liu Yuxin Zhang College of Materials science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044People’s Republic of China Army Logistics Academy of pLA Chongqing 401331People’s Republic of China Beijing spacecrafts China Academy of Space TechnologyBeijing 100194People’s Republic of China

inspired by the remarkable electromagnetic response capabilities of the complex morphologies and subtle microstructures evolved by natural organisms,this paper delves into the research advancements and future application potential of bionic microwave-absorbing materials(BMAMs).it outlines the significance of achieving high-performance microwave-absorbing materials through ingenious microstructural design and judicious composition selection,while emphasizing the innovative strategies offered by bionic ***,this work meticulously analyzes how inspiration can be drawn from the intricate structures of marine organisms,plants,animals,and nonmetallic minerals in nature to devise and develop BMAMs with superior electromagnetic wave absorption ***,the paper provides an in-depth exploration of the theoretical underpinnings of BMAMs,particularly the latest breakthroughs in broadband *** incorporating advanced methodologies such as simulation modeling and bionic gradient design,we unravel the scientific principles governing the microwave absorption mechanisms of BMAMs,thereby furnishing a solid theoretical foundation for understanding and optimizing their ***,this review aims to offer valuable insights and inspiration to researchers in related fields,fostering the collective advancement of research on BMAMs.

关键词： Bionic structural design Microwave absorption Electromagnetic theory

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inter‑skeleton Conductive Routes Tuning Multifunctional Conductive Foam for Electromagnetic interference shielding,sensing and Thermal Management

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 19-36页

作者： Xufeng Li Chunyan Chen Zhenyang Li peng Yi Haihan Zou Gao Deng Ming Fang Junzhe He Xin sun Ronghai Yu Jianglan shui Caofeng pan Xiaofang Liu school of Materials science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191People’s Republic of China institute of Atomic Manufacturing Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191People’s Republic of China Tianmushan Laboratory Xixi Octagon CityYuhang DistrictHangzhou 310023People’s Republic of China science and Technology On Electromagnetic scattering Laboratory Beijing Institute of Environmental FeaturesBeijing 100854People’s Republic of China

Conductive polymer foam(CpF)with excellent compressibility and variable resistance has promising applications in electromagnetic interference(EMi)shielding and other integrated functions for wearable ***,its insufficient change amplitude of resistance with compressive strain generally leads to a degradation of shielding performance during ***,an innovative loading strategy of conductive materials on polymer foam is proposed to significantly increase the contact probability and contact area of conductive components under *** inter-skeleton conductive films are constructed by loading alginate-decorated magnetic liquid metal on the polymethacrylate films hanged between the foam skeleton(denoted as AMLM-pM foam).Traditional point contact between conductive skeletons under compression is upgraded to planar contact between conductive ***,the resistance change of AMLM-pM reaches four orders of magnitude under ***,the inter-skeleton conductive films can improve the mechanical strength of foam,prevent the leakage of liquid metal and increase the scattering area of EM ***-pM foam has strain-adaptive EMi shielding performance and shows compression-enhanced shielding effectiveness,solving the problem of traditional CpFs upon *** upgrade of resistance response also enables foam to achieve sensitive pressure sensing over a wide pressure range and compression-regulated Joule heating function.

关键词： inter-skeleton conductive films Conductive polymer foam Liquid metal Electromagnetic interference shielding

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Tale of mitochondria and mitochondria-associated ER membrane in patient-derived neuronal models of Wolfram syndrome

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2587-2588页

作者： Laetitia Aubry Timothy Barrett sovan sarkar i-sTEM CECSCorbeil-EssonnesFrance Universitéparis-saclay Universitéd’EvryINSERMI-STEMUMR861Corbeil-EssonnesFrance institute of Cancer and Genomic sciences Institute of Biomedical ResearchCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamUK Department of Endocrinology Birmingham Women’s and Children’s HospitalSteelhouse LaneBirminghamUK

Mitochondria and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane in neurodegenerative diseases:Mitochondria generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the biochemical reactions of cells,and thus are often referred to as the"powerhouse"of the ***,this organelle is also involved in a pleth,ora of different cellular functions such as calcium(Ca^(2+))homeostasis,apoptosis,oxidative stress,and several metabolic pathways including oxidative phosphorylation,tricarboxylic acid cycle,andβ-oxidation of fatty acids.

关键词： oxidative cycle carboxylic

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Recent Advances in Artificial sensory Neurons:Biological Fundamentals,Devices,Applications,and Challenges

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 168-216页

作者： shuai Zhong Lirou su Mingkun Xu Desmond Loke Bin Yu Yishu Zhang Rong Zhao Guangdong institute of intelligence science and Technology HengqinZhuhai 519031People’s Republic of China College of integrated Circuits Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 3112000People’s Republic of China ZJU-Hangzhou Global scientific and Technological innovation Center Hangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Department of science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore Department of precision instruments Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Center for Brain‑inspired Computing Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China iDG/McGovern institute for Brain Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

spike-based neural networks,which use spikes or action potentialsto represent information,have gained a lot of attention because of their high energyefficiency and low power *** fully leverage its advantages,convertingthe external analog signals to spikes is an essential *** including analog-to-digital converters or ring oscillators,and sensorssuffer from high power and area *** efforts are devoted to constructingartificial sensory neurons based on emerging devices inspired by the biologicalsensory *** can simultaneously perform sensing and spike conversion,overcoming the deficiencies of traditional sensory *** review summarizesand benchmarks the recent progress of artificial sensory *** starts with thepresentation of various mechanisms of biological signal transduction,followed bythe systematic introduction of the emerging devices employed for artificial ***,the implementations with different perceptual capabilitiesare briefly outlined and the key metrics and potential applications are also ***,we highlight the challenges and perspectives for the future development of artificial sensory neurons.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Emerging devices Artificial sensory neurons spiking neural networks Neuromorphic sensing

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Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) Composite Aerogels Enable pressure sensors for Dialect speech Recognition Assisted by Deep Learning

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第5期17卷 1-15页

作者： Yanan Xiao He Li Tianyi Gu Xiaoteng Jia shixiang sun Yong Liu Bin Wang He Tian peng sun Fangmeng Liu Geyu Lu state key Laboratory of integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China school of integrated Circuits Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China international Center of Future science Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China

Wearable pressure sensors capable of adhering comfortably to the skin hold great promise in sound ***,current intelligent speech assistants based on pressure sensors can only recognize standard languages,which hampers effective communication for non-standard language ***,we prepare an ultralight Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene/chitosan/polyvinylidene difluoride composite aerogel with a detection range of 6.25 pa-1200 k pa,rapid response/recovery time,and low hysteresis(13.69%).The wearable aerogel pressure sensor can detect speech information through the throat muscle vibrations without any interference,allowing for accurate recognition of six dialects(96.2%accuracy)and seven different words(96.6%accuracy)with the assistance of convolutional neural *** work represents a significant step forward in silent speech recognition for human–machine interaction and physiological signal monitoring.

关键词： pressure sensor Wearable sensor Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) composite aerogel Dialect speech recognition

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Anti-swelling polyelectrolyte Hydrogel with submillimeter Lateral Confinement for Osmotic Energy Conversion

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 96-110页

作者： Yongxu Liu Jiangnan song Zhen Liu Jialin Chen Dejuan Wang Hui Zhi Jiebin Tang Yafang Zhang Ningbo Li Weijia Zhou Meng An Hong Liu Guobin Xue institute for Advanced interdisciplinary Research(iAiR) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of JinanJinan 250022People’s Republic of China College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021People’s Republic of China school of physics and Technology University of JinanJinan 250022People’s Republic of China state key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University27 Shandanan RoadJinan 250100People’s Republic of China

Harvesting the immense and renewable osmotic energy with reverse electrodialysis(RED)technology shows great promise in dealing with the ever-growing energy *** key challenge is to improve the output power density with improved trade-off between membrane permeability and ***,polyelectrolyte hydrogels(channel width,2.2 nm)with inherent high ion conductivity have been demonstrated to enable excellent selective ion transfer when confined in cylindrical anodized aluminum pore with lateral size even up to the submillimeter scale(radius,0.1 mm).The membrane permeability of the anti-swelling hydrogel can also be further increased with cellulose *** real seawater and river water,the output power density of a three-chamber cell on behalf of repeat unit of RED system can reach up to 8.99 W m^(-2)(per unit total membrane area),much better than state-of-the-art *** work provides a new strategy for the preparation of polyelectrolyte hydrogel-based ion-selective membranes,owning broad application prospects in the fields of osmotic energy collection,electrodialysis,flow battery and so on.

关键词： ionic polymer Hydrogel Confinement effect Anti-swelling Osmotic energy conversion

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