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Could mammalian inorganic polyphosphate be a crucial signaling molecule in neurological disorders?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 701-702页

作者： Renata Torres Da Costa Maria E.Solesio rutgers university Department of BiologyCamdenNJUSA

Since the early stages of life on earth,cellular metabolism has evolved to adapt to fluctuations in nutrient and oxygen availability.In this context,mammals,which are probably the organisms that show one of the highest levels of metabolic complexity,have developed an elegant system that uses constant and rechargeable energy sources of modulate their metabolism.This homeostasis is especially important in the central nervous system,as neurons and other cells in the brain are highly susceptible to fluctuations in nutrients and oxygen availability.

关键词： metabolism homeostasis neurological

A perspective on age-related changes in cell environment and risk of neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 719-720页

作者： Alice Y.Liu Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience Rutgers State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJUSA

“Age-related neurodegenerative disease”underscores human age as the primary risk factor for disease development:Alzheimer’s,Parkinson’s,and Huntington’s disease(HD)as examples.Reasons for the age-dependent delay in disease manifestation,in particular for autosomal dominant forms of the disease,and the underlying cause(s)of specific neuron dysfunction and death to manifest as memory loss,anxiety,depression,and agitation in disease subjects remain unclear.We are interested in understanding age-related changes in cell environment that can modulate the structure,function,aggregation.

关键词： Huntington Alzheimer death

Populism as a Crisis of Democratic Legitimacy:With Some References to France and the United States

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2024年第2期17卷 193-209页

作者： Jean-Marc Coicaud Law and Global Affairs Rutgers UniversityRutgersUSA Fudan Institute for Advanced Study in Social Sciences ShanghaiChina

Populism combines the following characteristics:a rejection of economic policies linked to globalization;a condemnation of political and economic elites perceived as allied,directly or indirectly,to globalization policies;a nationalist conception of the national interest;a mistrust of immigration,seen as a threat to identity;as for populism’s supporters,a rather popular sociological profile,and an electoral profile that tends toward the“hard right”(“droite dure”),without ruling out bridges to the“hard left”(“gauche dure”).Having said this,I propose to defend three theses:populism is not the solution to the problems of the countries where it is developing,whether in France,the United States or elsewhere;it would be dangerous,however,to ignore the crises of which populism is the product;it is essential to take the measure of the problems that favor its emergence and to try to provide answers to them.

关键词： Populism Democratic legitimacy Hard right Hard left

Crosstalk between degradation and bioenergetics: how autophagy and endolysosomal processes regulate energy production

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 671-681页

作者： Angelid Pabon Jagannatham Naidu Bhupana Ching-On Wong Department of Biological Sciences Rutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA

Cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to adapt to changes in nutrient availability, cellular activity, and transitions in cell states. The balance between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration is crucial for energy production, and metabolic reprogramming stipulates a shift in such balance to optimize both bioenergetic efficiency and anabolic requirements. Failure in switching bioenergetic dependence can lead to maladaptation and pathogenesis. While cellular degradation is known to recycle precursor molecules for anabolism, its potential role in regulating energy production remains less explored. The bioenergetic switch between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration involves transcription factors and organelle homeostasis, which are both regulated by the cellular degradation pathways. A growing body of studies has demonstrated that both stem cells and differentiated cells exhibit bioenergetic switch upon perturbations of autophagic activity or endolysosomal processes. Here, we highlighted the current understanding of the interplay between degradation processes, specifically autophagy and endolysosomes, transcription factors, endolysosomal signaling, and mitochondrial homeostasis in shaping cellular bioenergetics. This review aims to summarize the relationship between degradation processes and bioenergetics, providing a foundation for future research to unveil deeper mechanistic insights into bioenergetic regulation.

关键词： autophagy bioenergetics endolysosome energy production glycolysis metabolic reprogramming mitochondria

Hsp90 regulates processing of NF-κB2 p100 involving protection of NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) from autophagy-mediated degradation

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Cell Research 2007年第6期17卷 520-530页

作者： Guoliang QingPengrong YanZhaoxia Qu Hudan LiuGutian Xiao, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, rutgers, The State university of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience Rutgers The State University of New Jersey Piscataway USA

NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) is required for NF-κB activation based on the processing of NF-κB2 p100. Here wereport a novel mechanism of NIK regulation involving the chaperone 90 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp90) and autophagy.Functional inhibition of Hsp90 by the anti-tumor agent geldanamycin (GA) efficiently disrupts its interaction with NIK,resulting in NIK degradation and subsequent blockage of p100 processing. Surprisingly, GA-induced NIK degradationis mediated by autophagy, but largely independent of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Hsp90 seems to be specificallyinvolved in the folding/stabilization of NIK protein, because GA inhibition does not affect NIK mRNA transcription andtranslation. Furthermore, Hsp90 is not required for NIK-mediated recruitment of the a subunit of IκB kinase to p100, akey step in induction of p100 processing. These findings define an alternative mechanism for Hsp90 client degradationand identify a novel function of autophagy in NF-κB regulation. These findings also suggest a new therapeutic strategyfor diseases associated with p100 processing.

关键词： autophagy geldanamycin Hsp90 NF-κB2 NIK proteasome-independent degradation

Gluing Affine Vortices

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第1期40卷 250-312页

作者： Guang Bo XU Department of Mathematics Rutgers UniversityHill Center-Busch Campus 110 Frelinghuysen RoadPiscatawayNJ 08854-8019USA

We provide an analytical construction of the gluing map for stable affine vortices over the upper half plane with the Lagrangian boundary condition.This result is a necessary ingredient in studies of the relation betw... 详细信息

关键词： Affine vortices gauged linear sigma model adiabatic limit symplectic reduction

The modulatory effect of oolong tea polyphenols on intestinal flora and hypothalamus gene expression in a circadian rhythm disturbance mouse model

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 748-764页

作者： Ruonan Yan Chi-Tang Ho Yanan Liu Shengnan Zhan Zufang Wu Xin Zhang Department of Food Science and Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Department of Food Science Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew Jersey 08901USA

The interaction between host circadian rhythm and gut microbes through the gut-brain axis provides new clues for tea polyphenols to improve host health.Our present research showed that oolong tea polyphenols(OTP)improved the structural disorder of the intestinal flora caused by continuous darkness,thereby modulating the production of metabolites related to pyruvate metabolism,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,and tryptophan metabolism to alleviate the steady-state imbalance.After fecal microbiota transplantation from the OTP group,the single-cell transcriptomic analysis revealed that OTP significantly increased the number of hypothalamus cell clusters,up-regulated the number of astrocytes and fibroblasts,and enhanced the expression of circadian rhythm genes Cry2,Per3,Bhlhe41,Nr1d1,Nr1d2,Dbp and Rorb in hypothalamic cells.Our results confirmed that OTP can actively improve the intestinal environmental state as well as internal/peripheral circadian rhythm disorders and cognitive impairment,with potential prebiotic functional characteristics to notably contribute to host health.

关键词： Gut microbiota Circadian rhythm Oolong tea polyphenols Single-cell sequencing Metabolism

Enhanced air-coupled impact echo technique by phase analysis of signals from multiple sensors

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第2期23卷 297-310页

作者： Najjiya Almallah Nenad Gucunski New Jersey Department of Transportation New Jersey 08625USA Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering Rutgers University-New BrunswickNJ 08854USA

This paper presents an air-coupled impact echo(IE)technique that relies on the phase spectrum of the collected data to find the frequencies corresponding to the reflections from delaminations.The proposed technique takes advantage of the fact that the IE compression wave is not a propagating wave,but it is the 1st order symmetrical(S1)mode Lamb wave at zero group velocity(S1-ZGV).Therefore,it searches the phase spectra of the data collected by multiple sensors to locate the frequency corresponding to the lowest phase difference.As a result,the technique reduces the effect of propagating waves,including the direct acoustic wave and ambient noise.It is named the Constant Phase IE(CPIE).The performance of the CPIE is experimentally compared with the regular amplitude spectrum-based IE technique and two other multisensor IE techniques.The CPIE shows a performance advantage,especially in a noisy environment.

关键词： nondestructive testing(NDT) nondestructive evaluation(NDE) bridge inspection bridge evaluation impact echo bridge delamination concrete bridge deck air-coupled sensing MEMS

Regular types and order of vanishing along a set of non-integrable vector fields

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： Xiaojun HUANG Wanke YIN Department of Mathematics Rutgers UniversityNew Brunswick School of Mathematics and Statistics Wuhan University

This paper has two parts. We first survey recent efforts on the Bloom conjecture which still remains open in the case of complex dimension at least 4. Bloom’s conjecture concerns the equivalence of three regular types. There is a more general important notion, called the singular D’Angelo type (or simply, D’Angelo type). While the finite D’Angelo type condition is the right one for the study of local subelliptic estimates for Kohn’s ■-Neumann problem, regular types are important as their finiteness gives the global regularity up to the boundary of solutions of Kohn’s ■-Neumann problem.In the second part of the paper, we provide a proof of a seemingly elementary but a truly fundamental property (Theorem 2.2 or its CR version Theorem 2.5) on the vanishing order of smooth functions along a system of non-integrable vector fields. A special case, Corollary 2.6, of Theorem 2.5had appeared in a paper of D’Angelo. A main goal in this part is to provide proofs for these results for the purpose of future references. Our arguments are based on a deep normalization theorem for a system of non-integrable vector fields due to Helffer-Nourrigat, as well as its late generalization by Boauendi-Rothschild.

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