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The deterministic condition for the ground reaction force acting point on the combined knee valgus and tibial internal rotation moments in early phase of cutting maneuvers in female athletes

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 376-386页

作者： Issei Ogasawara Ken Ohta Gajanan S.Revankar Shoji Konda Yohei Shimokochi Hideyuki Koga Ken Nakata Department of Health and Sport Sciences Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityToyonaka 560-0043Japan Sports Sensing Co. LTD.Fukuoka 815-0035Japan Department of Neurology Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuita 565-0871Japan Department of Health and Sport Management Osaka University of Health and Sport SciencesSennan-gun 590-0496Japan Department of Joint Surgery and Sports medicine Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo-ku 113-8519Japan

Background:Combined knee valgus and tibial internal rotation(VL+IR)moments have been shown to stress the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)in several in vitro cadaveric *** utilize this knowledge for non-contact ACL injury prevention in sports,it is necessary to elucidate how the ground reaction force(GRF)acting point(center of pressure(CoP))in the stance foot produces combined knee VL+IR moments in risky maneuvers,such as ***,the effects of the GRF acting point on the development of the combined knee VL+IR moment in cutting are still ***:We first established the deterministic mechanical condition that the CoP position relative to the tibial rotational axis differentiates the GRF vector’s directional probability for developing the combined knee VL+IR moment,and theoretically predicted that when the CoP is posterior to the tibial rotational axis,the GRF vector is more likely to produce the combined knee VL+IR moment than when the CoP is anterior to the tibial rotational ***,we tested a stochastic aspect of our theory in a lab-controlled in vivo *** females performed 60˚cutting under forefoot/rearfoot strike conditions(10 trials each).The positions of lower limb markers and GRF data were measured,and the knee moment due to GRF vector was *** trials were divided into anterior-and posterior-CoP groups depending on the CoP position relative to the tibial rotational axis at each 10 ms interval from 0 to 100 ms after foot strike,and the occurrence rate of the combined knee VL+IR moment was compared between trial ***:The posterior-CoP group showed significantly higher occurrence rates of the combined knee VL+IR moment(maximum of 82.8%)at every time point than those of the anterior-CoP trials,as theoretically predicted by the deterministic mechanical ***:The rearfoot strikes inducing the posterior CoP should be avoided to reduce the risk of non-contact ACL injury associated with the com

关键词： Center of pressure Deterministic condition Foot strike pattern Injury mechanism Moment of ground reaction force

The neutrophil–osteogenic cell axis promotes bone destruction in periodontitis

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 154-162页

作者： Yutaro Ando Masayuki Tsukasaki Nam Cong-Nhat Huynh Shizao Zang Minglu Yan Ryunosuke Muro Kazutaka Nakamura Masatsugu Komagamine Noriko Komatsu Kazuo Okamoto Kenta Nakano Tadashi Okamura Akira Yamaguchi Kazuyuki Ishihara Hiroshi Takayanagi Department of Immunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of Tokyo7-3-1HongoBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan Department of Microbiology Tokyo Dental College2-1-14 Kanda-Misaki-choChiyoda-kuTokyoJapan Oral Health Science Center Tokyo Dental College2-9-18Kanda-Misaki-choChiyodakuTokyoJapan Department of Osteoimmunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of Tokyo7-3-1HongoBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan Unit of Prosthodontics Laboratory of Oral-Maxillofacial Biology Faculty of Odonto-StomatologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Sensory and Motor System MedicineGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan Department of Laboratory Animal medicine Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan

The immune-stromal cell interactions play a key role in health and diseases. In periodontitis, the most prevalent infectious disease in humans, immune cells accumulate in the oral mucosa and promote bone destruction by inducing receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) expression in osteogenic cells such as osteoblasts and periodontal ligament cells. However, the detailed mechanism underlying immune–bone cell interactions in periodontitis is not fully understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNAsequencing analysis on mouse periodontal lesions and showed that neutrophil–osteogenic cell crosstalk is involved in periodontitis-induced bone loss. The periodontal lesions displayed marked infiltration of neutrophils, and in silico analyses suggested that the neutrophils interacted with osteogenic cells through cytokine production. Among the cytokines expressed in the periodontal neutrophils, oncostatin M (OSM) potently induced RANKL expression in the primary osteoblasts, and deletion of the OSM receptor in osteogenic cells significantly ameliorated periodontitis-induced bone loss. Epigenomic data analyses identified the OSM-regulated RANKL enhancer region in osteogenic cells, and mice lacking this enhancer showed decreased periodontal bone loss while maintaining physiological bone metabolism. These findings shed light on the role of neutrophils in bone regulation during bacterial infection, highlighting the novel mechanism underlying osteoimmune crosstalk.

关键词： period neutrophil destruction

PRX1-positive mesenchymal stem cells drive molar morphogenesis

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第2期16卷 293-305页

作者： Xiaoqiao Xu Xuyan Gong Lei Zhang Han Zhang Yao Sun Department of Implantology Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji UniversityShanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and RegenerationShanghaiChina

Mammalian teeth,developing inseparable from epithelial-mesenchymal interaction,come in many shapes and the key factors governing tooth morphology deserve to be *** merging single-cell RNA sequencing analysis with lineage tracing models,we have unearthed a captivating correlation between the contrasting morphology of mouse molars and the specific presence of PRX1^(+)cells within *** PRX1^(+)cells assume a profound responsibility in shaping tooth morphology through a remarkable divergence in dental mesenchymal cell *** into the mechanisms,we have discovered that Wnt5a,bestowed by mesenchymal PRX1^(+)cells,stimulates mesenchymal cell proliferation while orchestrating molar morphogenesis through WNT signaling *** loss of Wnt5a exhibits a defect phenotype similar to that of *** addition of WNT5A can successfully reverse the inhibited cell proliferation and consequent deviant appearance exhibited in Prx1-deficient tooth *** findings bestow compelling evidence of PRX1-positive mesenchymal cells to be potential target in regulating tooth morphology.

关键词： Wnt5a mesenchymal inhibited

Regulating Blood Clot Fibrin Films to Manipulate Biomaterial-Mediated Foreign Body Responses

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 565-581页

作者： Yang Zou Zhengjie Shan Zongpu Han Jieting Yang Yixiong Lin Zhuohong Gong Lv Xie Jieyun Xu Runlong Xie Zhuofan Chen Zetao Chen Hospital of Stomatology Guanghua School of StomatologySun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material EngineeringGuangzhou 510055China

The clinical efficacy of implanted biomaterials is often compromised by host immune recognition and subsequent foreign body responses(FBRs).During the implantation,biomaterials inevitably come into direct contact with the blood,absorbing blood protein and forming blood *** studies have been carried out to regulate protein adsorption,thus manipulating ***,the role of clot surface fibrin films formed by clotting shrinkage in host reactions and FBR is often *** of the principle of fibrin film formation being relevant to fibrinogen or clotting factor absorption,it is feasible to manipulate the fibrin film formation via tuning the absorption of fibrinogen and clotting *** biological hydroxyapatite reserved bone architecture and microporous structure,the smaller particle size may expose more microporous structures and adsorb more fibrinogen or clotting ***,we set up 3 sizes(small,<0.2 mm;medium,1 to 2 mm;large,3 to 4 mm)of biological hydroxyapatite(porcine bone-derived hydroxyapatite)with different microporous structures to investigate the absorption of blood protein,the formation of clot surface fibrin films,and the subsequent *** found that small group adsorbed more clotting factors because of more microporous structures and formed the thinnest and sparsest fibrin *** thinnest and sparsest fibrin films increased inflammation and profibrosis of macrophages through a potential signaling pathway of cell adhesion-cytoskeleton-autophagy,leading to the stronger *** group adsorbed lesser clotting factors,forming the thickest and densest fibrin films,easing inflammation and profibrosis of macrophages,and finally mitigating ***,this study deepens the understanding of the role of fibrin films in host recognition and FBR and demonstrates the feasibility of a strategy to regulate FBR by modulating fibrin films via tuning the absorption of blood proteins.

关键词： Blood subsequent biomaterials

Nanozyme‑Engineered Hydrogels for Anti‑Inflammation and Skin Regeneration

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 127-179页

作者： Amal George Kurian Rajendra K.Singh Varsha Sagar Jung‑Hwan Lee Hae‑Won Kim Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering(ITREN) Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science&BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative medicine Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Biomaterials Science School of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea UCL Eastman‑Korea dental medicine Innovation Centre Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Cell and Matter Institute Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Mechanobiology dental medicine Research Center Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea

Inflammatory skin disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments,posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare *** therapies,such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,are limited in efficacy and associated with adverse ***,nanozyme(NZ)-based hydrogels have shown great promise in addressing these ***-based hydrogels possess unique therapeutic abilities by combining the therapeutic benefits of redox nanomaterials with enzymatic activity and the water-retaining capacity of *** multifaceted therapeutic effects of these hydrogels include scavenging reactive oxygen species and other inflammatory mediators modulating immune responses toward a pro-regenerative environment and enhancing regenerative potential by triggering cell migration and *** review highlights the current state of the art in NZ-engineered hydrogels(NZ@hydrogels)for anti-inflammatory and skin regeneration *** also discusses the underlying chemo-mechano-biological mechanisms behind their ***,the challenges and future directions in this ground,particularly their clinical translation,are *** insights provided in this review can aid in the design and engineering of novel NZ-based hydrogels,offering new possibilities for targeted and personalized skin-care therapies.

关键词： Nanozymes Hydrogels ROS scavenging Anti-inflammation Skin regeneration

Effect of Dietary Components on the Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontics Brackets after Thermal Aging

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第6期14卷 309-315页

作者： Philip Punzalan Tanya Al Talib Anthony Fusco Neamat Hassan Abubakr school of dental medicine University of Nevada Las Vegas Nevada USA

Introduction: The stability of orthodontic brackets throughout orthodontic treatment plays a critical role in the treatment’s effectiveness. The present in vitro study was designed to assess the impact of various dietary components on the performance of orthodontic brackets. Methods: Metal orthodontic brackets were bonded to 66 extracted anterior teeth divided into groups based on the solution type: Milk, Gatorade, Cold Coffee, and a control group using water. Each group consisted of 20 teeth except for the control group, which included six teeth. The bracketed teeth were submerged in their respective solutions for 15 minutes three times daily at different intervals to mimic an in vivo environment and were stored in artificial saliva at room temperature (23?C). The specimens underwent artificial aging through 10,000 cycles of thermocycling (representing one clinical year) between 5?C and 55?C. Shade measurements were taken using a VITA Easy Shade device, capturing the classic shade and L*, a*, and b* values. Delta E values were calculated immediately post-bonding and after 7 days, 1 month, 1, and 2 clinical years. The shear bond strength of each bracket was measured using an ultra-tester machine. Results: After two clinical years, significant differences in ΔE color values were observed across all groups, with the most substantial change noted in teeth immersed in cold coffee. Brackets submerged in milk demonstrated lower shear bond strength than other solutions, whereas the control group exhibited the highest shear bond strength (P = 0.01). Conclusion: The study indicates that dietary components significantly influence tooth color stability and the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets, underscoring the importance of considering these factors in orthodontic treatment planning.

关键词： Shear Bond Orthodontic Brackets Color Stability Thermal Aging

Do tensile and shear forces exerted on cells influence mechanotransduction through stored energy considerations?

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BIOCELL 2024年第4期48卷 525-540页

作者： FREDERICK H.SILVER TANMAY DESHMUKH Department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolRutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ 08854USA OptoVibronex LLC.Ben Franklin Tech PartnersBethlehemPA 18015USA

All tissues in the body are subjected externally to gravity and internally by collagenﬁbril and cellular retractive forces that create stress and energy equilibrium required for *** involves mechanical work(force through a distance)and energy storage as kinetic and potential *** leads to changes in cell mitosis or apoptosis and the synthesis or loss of tissue *** involves the application of energy directly to cells through integrin-mediated processes,cell-cell connections,stretching of the cell cytoplasm,and activation of the cell nucleus via yes-associated protein(YAP)and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-motif(TAZ).These processes involve numerous complexes,intermediate molecules,and multiple *** pathways have been identiﬁed from research studies on vertebrate cell culture and from studies in *** pathways involve mechanosensors and other molecules that activate the *** review discusses the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)family,Hippo,Hedgehog,and Wingless-related integration site(WNT)/βcatenin signaling *** mediators covered includeβcatenin,ion channels,growth factors,hormone receptors,members of the Ras superfamily,and components of the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton(LINC)***,the interrelationship among the different pathways remains to be clariﬁ***-mediated mechanotransduction involves direct tensile loading and energy applied to the cell membrane via collagenﬁbril *** energy is transferred between cells by stretching the cell-cell connections involving cadherins and the WNT/βcatenin *** alterations induce changes in intracellular events in the cytoskeleton and nuclear skeleton caused by the release of YAP and *** coactivators then penetrate through the nuclear pores and inﬂuence nuclear cell *** in the balance of forces and energy applied to cells and tissues is hypothesized to shift th

关键词： MAPK family Hippo Hedgehog WNT pathway βcatenin Ion channels Growth factor receptors Hormone receptors Ras superfamily LINC complex Collagen Cadherins

Regular types and order of vanishing along a set of non-integrable vector fields

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： Xiaojun HUANG Wanke YIN Department of Mathematics Rutgers UniversityNew Brunswick school of Mathematics and Statistics Wuhan University

This paper has two parts. We first survey recent efforts on the Bloom conjecture which still remains open in the case of complex dimension at least 4. Bloom’s conjecture concerns the equivalence of three regular types. There is a more general important notion, called the singular D’Angelo type (or simply, D’Angelo type). While the finite D’Angelo type condition is the right one for the study of local subelliptic estimates for Kohn’s ■-Neumann problem, regular types are important as their finiteness gives the global regularity up to the boundary of solutions of Kohn’s ■-Neumann *** the second part of the paper, we provide a proof of a seemingly elementary but a truly fundamental property (Theorem 2.2 or its CR version Theorem 2.5) on the vanishing order of smooth functions along a system of non-integrable vector fields. A special case, Corollary 2.6, of Theorem 2.5had appeared in a paper of D’Angelo. A main goal in this part is to provide proofs for these results for the purpose of future references. Our arguments are based on a deep normalization theorem for a system of non-integrable vector fields due to Helffer-Nourrigat, as well as its late generalization by Boauendi-Rothschild.

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Fibrinogen’s potential role in connecting cerebrovascular abnormalities with glymphatic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 203-204页

作者： Vishal Singh Arnab Choudhury Hyung Jin Ahn Department of Pharmacology Physiology and NeurosciencesRutgers-New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA Brain Health Institute Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)stands out as the primary manifestation of age-related dementia,portraying a chronic neurodegenerative disorder distinguished by the accumulation of fibrillar amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated ***,from a clinical standpoint,AD presents itself as a complex condition with a spectrum of dysfunctions rather than a singular pathological *** often-overlooked aspect of the disease is the presence of extensive cerebrovascular abnormalities,given that the majority of AD patients experience altered cerebral blood flow,damaged vasculature,increased microinfarcts and *** models of AD further support this observation,showing cerebrovascular dysfunction such as impaired cerebral blood flow and altered cerebrovascular reactivity(Tataryn et al.,2021;Gareau et al.,2023).

关键词： cerebrovascular dysfunction Alzheimer