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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 671-681页

作者： Angelid Pabon Jagannatham Naidu Bhupana Ching-On Wong Department of Biological Sciences Rutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA

Cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to adapt to changes in nutrient availability, cellular activity, and transitions in cell states. The balance between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration is crucial for energy production, and metabolic reprogramming stipulates a shift in such balance to optimize both bioenergetic efficiency and anabolic requirements. Failure in switching bioenergetic dependence can lead to maladaptation and pathogenesis. While cellular degradation is known to recycle precursor molecules for anabolism, its potential role in regulating energy production remains less explored. The bioenergetic switch between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration involves transcription factors and organelle homeostasis, which are both regulated by the cellular degradation pathways. A growing body of studies has demonstrated that both stem cells and differentiated cells exhibit bioenergetic switch upon perturbations of autophagic activity or endolysosomal processes. Here, we highlighted the current understanding of the interplay between degradation processes, specifically autophagy and endolysosomes, transcription factors, endolysosomal signaling, and mitochondrial homeostasis in shaping cellular bioenergetics. This review aims to summarize the relationship between degradation processes and bioenergetics, providing a foundation for future research to unveil deeper mechanistic insights into bioenergetic regulation.

关键词： autophagy bioenergetics endolysosome energy production glycolysis metabolic reprogramming mitochondria

Fibrinogen’s potential role in connecting cerebrovascular abnormalities with glymphatic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 203-204页

作者： Vishal Singh Arnab Choudhury Hyung Jin Ahn Department of Pharmacology Physiology and NeurosciencesRutgers-New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA Brain Health Institute Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)stands out as the primary manifestation of age-related dementia,portraying a chronic neurodegenerative disorder distinguished by the accumulation of fibrillar amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated ***,from a clinical standpoint,AD presents itself as a complex condition with a spectrum of dysfunctions rather than a singular pathological *** often-overlooked aspect of the disease is the presence of extensive cerebrovascular abnormalities,given that the majority of AD patients experience altered cerebral blood flow,damaged vasculature,increased microinfarcts and *** models of AD further support this observation,showing cerebrovascular dysfunction such as impaired cerebral blood flow and altered cerebrovascular reactivity(Tataryn et al.,2021;Gareau et al.,2023).

关键词： cerebrovascular dysfunction Alzheimer

Effective diffusivity of a Janus sphere in an external field

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第3期46卷 539-554页

作者： Tianyu YUAN L.P.LIU Jianxiang WANG Institute for Advanced Study Chengdu University Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Rutgers University Department of Mathematics Rutgers University Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science College of EngineeringPeking University

During nearly 200 years of development in the knowledge of Brownian motion, the Janus sphere, as a typical Brownian particle with special surface properties, has been widely studied in the past few decades. A standard Janus sphere possesses two distinct surfaces. These two surfaces elicit different hydrodynamic interactions with ambient fluids or other interactions in response to environmental stimuli, such as chemical gradients, magnetic fields, and even light. The diffusion of Janus spheres, particularly when controlled by a remotely applied field, has inspired various applications, ranging from the design of micro-swimmers and novel procedures for probing the mechanical properties of suspensions to the fabrication of composites with enhanced performance. In this work, we report a systematic analysis of field-controlled diffusion of Janus spheres. Commencing with stochastic differential equations of motion at the microscale, we derive a coarse-grained Fokker-Planck equation at the macroscale, describing the evolution of the probability distribution function of the Janus sphere in terms of its position and orientation. Leveraging the concept of the hydrodynamic center, we derive, for the first time,explicit generalized Stokes-Einstein relations for long-time effective diffusivity, incorporating the effects of both the surface discontinuity of the Janus sphere and the external fields. The formulae enable predictions of the effective diffusivity as it varies with the slip length and characteristic angle of Janus spheres, and reveal the impact of an aligning potential field on the diffusion coefficients both parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the field. This work not only deepens the understanding of field-controlled diffusion of Janus particles, but also holds a meaningful impact on the future applications in microfluidics and related fields.

关键词： Distribution functions

Effect of 5.25% Sodium Hypochlorite on Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets Bonded with OBA-MCP

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2025年第1期15卷 1-14页

作者： Nhi Le Hoda Rahimi Richard D. Bloomstein Thomas J. Cangialosi Western Dental and Orthodontics San Jose USA Orthodontic Department Rutgers School of Dental Medicine Newark USA

Introduction: Bracket debonding is a frequent issue that clinicians encounter, leading to increased chair time, lost revenue, and material usage. In addition to patient compliance with their diet recommendations, the preparation and conditioning of teeth for bonding significantly influence bond strength and consequently impact orthodontic treatment success and efficiency. Because of OBA-MCP’s (orthodontic bonding adhesive with modified calcium phosphate) decreased shear bond strength (SBS), the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of conditioning with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) before etching in the bonding protocol. Materials and Methods: 90 extracted teeth were divided into 3 groups to be bonded with orthodontic brackets with different bonding protocols: 1) Transbond XT with regular bonding protocol (etch + prime + adhesive);2) OBA-MCP with regular bonding protocol;and 3) OBA-MCP with NaOCl prior to acid etching in the regular bonding protocol. SBS (in Newtons) were measured using an MTS universal testing machine with a custom jig to apply a vertical force onto the bracket and ARI (adhesive remnant index) scores were recorded for each sample after de-bond to rate the amount of adhesive remaining. Results: The addition of NaOCl to the bonding protocol statistically significantly increased the SBS of OBA-MCP to comparable levels to Transbond XT. The ARI scores showed that when NaOCl was added, more adhesive remained. Conclusion: The addition of NaOCl to the bonding protocol can increase the SBS of adhesives with historically weaker bond strengths. However, the increased amount of adhesive remaining and the increased time spent during bonding must be considered. Further testing can be done in vivo to demonstrate the practicality of this new procedure.

关键词： Shear Bond Strength Sodium Hypochlorite Orthodontic Brackets

Anti-fibrotic effects of marein-enriched Coreopsis tinctoria flavonoids on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats via blocking the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2025年

作者： Limin Guo Wenyu Zhang Liwen Wang Junfeng Shen Chi-Tang Ho Shiming Li Institute of Agro-Products Storage and Processing， Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing and Storage College of Food Science and Technology， Hebei Agricultural University College of Biology and Agricultural Resources， Huanggang Normal University Department of Food Science， rutgers University(New Brunswick)

Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. (C. tinctoria)， an edible flowering plant， belongs to the Chrysanthemum family and is mainly grown at high altitudes in northwestern China. It is rich in polyphenolic compounds， particularly marein and flavomarein， and possesses multiple health-promoting properties， such as antioxidant， hypoglycemic and vasorelaxant effects. Previous bioactivity investigations majorly focused on C. tinctoria and its crude extract. The aim of the present study was to prepare marein-dominant C. tinctoria flavonoids (CF)， further investigate the CF protective effects of liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride and elucidate the associated molecular mechanisms. Results have demonstrated that CF effectively attenuated hepatofibrogenesis by increasing the activity of GSH and SOD; suppressing the HSC activation， inhibiting TGF-β activation and the production of α-SMA， alleviating the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Smad1/2， thus maintaining the collagen metabolic homeostasis in the liver. Our study revealed that CF possesses an efficacious protective effect against chronic hepatic fibrosis due to their strong inhibitory effects of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation.

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Topological domains/domain walls and broken symmetries in multiferroics

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National Science Review 2019年第4期6卷 624-626页

作者： Sang-Wook Cheong rutgers Center for Emergent Materials Rutgers University

The magnetoelectric domains/domain walls in intrinsic multiferroics can exhibit intriguing topological nanoscale textures. These thermodynamically stabilized nano-textures are compared with nanoscale polar structures in nanostructured composite films. In addition,we show that the consideration of broken symmetries is essential to understand the macroscopic origin of multiferroicity and also to predict new ***, where ferroelectric and

关键词： Topological domains/domain walls and broken symmetries in multiferroics domain

上新世以来赤道西太平洋上层水体热结构的轨道尺度演变特征

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第四纪研究 2025年

作者：任钰彭娜娜王星星 Rosenthal Yair 党皓文翦知湣同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室 Department of Marine and Coastal Science and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Rutgers University(New Brunswick)

自上新世暖期以来,全球气候逐渐变冷,北半球冰盖逐渐增长,地球轨道周期所产生的气候效应分阶段增强和转变,其中一个关键机制是低纬海洋热量和水汽向高纬的传输,然而目前相关研究仍然不足。基于赤道西太平洋IODP U 1489站千年分辨率（岩... 详细信息

自上新世暖期以来,全球气候逐渐变冷,北半球冰盖逐渐增长,地球轨道周期所产生的气候效应分阶段增强和转变,其中一个关键机制是低纬海洋热量和水汽向高纬的传输,然而目前相关研究仍然不足。基于赤道西太平洋IODP U 1489站千年分辨率（岩芯长度约80m,年龄范围为约4 Ma以来）的混合层和温跃层浮游有孔虫壳体δ18O记录,本研究分析了4 Ma以来赤道西太平洋上层水体热结构在轨道尺度上的周期演变特征,结果显示:浮游有孔虫壳体δ18O在约4.0～3.1 Ma期间的轨道周期振幅极弱,约3.1～1.5 Ma期间呈现显著的斜率周期,约1.5 Ma以来轨道周期振幅增强;混合层属种Globigerinoides ruber壳体δ18O在约0.9 Ma以来显示100 ka周期主导;温跃层属种Pulleniatina obliquiloculata壳体δ18O显示出更强的岁差周期特征,在约3.1～1.5 Ma期间逐渐增强,约1.5 Ma以来岁差信号保持稳定。这些结果揭示,上新世暖期以来西太平洋暖池区上层水体热结构受岁差调控的低纬日照季节性变化与斜率调控的经向太阳辐射量梯度共同影响,约3.1 Ma和约1.5 Ma的轨道周期特征转变分别发生于北半球冰盖增长和中更新世气候转型的早期阶段,暗示暖池区上层水体热结构变化与高纬和全球气候重大转型之间的潜在联系。

关键词：西太平洋暖池上层水体热结构轨道周期上新世以来

VOC removal from contaminated groundwater through membrane pervaporation. (Ⅱ): 1,1,1-trichloroethane-SDS surfactant solution system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第6期15卷 821-826页

作者： Sean LIU Department of Food Science Rutgers University

The conventional “pump-and-treat' technology for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminated with volatile organic compounds(VOCs) such as 1,1,1-trichloroethane(TCA), a common chlorinated organic solvent, has limitation of prohibitively long treatment time due to extremely low water solubility of the VOCs. Surfactant-based soil remediation has emerged as the effective technology that substantially reduces the treatment time. In order to make the whole process economical, the surfactant used in soil washing has to be recovered and reused. This study examined the recovery of anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS), from soil remediation fluids containing TCA, using a bench-scale membrane pervaporation unit. The effects of high TCA concentration, surfactant dosage, and flow rate on permeation flux and selectivity(α value) of the process were evaluated. In general, higher surfactant concentration yielded lower TCA flux and constant water flux, resulting in declining α values; higher flow rate of TCA feed stream results in higher VOC flux and selectivity, an indication of the effect of concentration polarization; higher TCA feed concentration produces higher TCA permeation across the membrane, however, the selectivity was virtually unchanged unless the total TCA concentration exceeded 2000 ppm.

关键词： pervaporation VOCs SDS surfactant groundwater remediation 1,1,1-trichloroethane

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A Method of Characterizing Radio Signal Space for Wireless Device Localization

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2015年第4期20卷 385-408页

作者： John-Austen Francisco Richard P.Martin Department of Computer Science Rutgers University

In this work we present a novel approach for describing radio signal spaces for localization algorithms. We first introduce a new metric, the Discretely Distributed Log-H61der Metric （DDLHM）. The DDLHM is designed to characterize the type and degree of signal distortion relative to Iognormal signal-to-distance path models. We first show how the DDLHM can describe and discriminate distortions in an exhaustive set of synthetic signal spaces. We then determine a reduced set of maximally diagnostic distortion parameters. Using only 4% of the maximal set of DDLHMs, we found the reduced set matches with an acceptable degree of error 95% of the time. Using the synthetic reduced set, we characterized a variety of wireless localization algorithms＇ behaviors to attenuation, bias, and multipath. We found algorithms made much different tradeoffs between best case and average case error. We then use the DDLHM to identify distortion types in three different physical environments using measured 802.11 signal strengths, and predict the positioning performance of several localization algorithms. Our approach predicts average localization error to within 2 meters of the observed average error.

关键词： radio propgation 802.11 WiFi

Transmission Eigenvalues and the Riemann Zeta Function in Scattering Theory for Automorphic Forms on Fuchsian Groups of Type Ⅰ

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2019年第6期35卷 987-1010页

作者： Fioralba CAKONI Sagun CHANILLO Department of Mathematics Rutgers University

We introduce the concept of transmission eigenvalues in scattering theory for automorphic forms on fundamental domains generated by discrete groups acting on the hyperbolic upper half complex plane. In particular, we consider Fuchsian groups of Type Ⅰ. Transmission eigenvalues are related to those eigen-parameters for which one can send an incident wave that produces no scattering. The notion of transmission eigenvalues, or non-scattering energies, is well studied in the Euclidean geometry, where in some cases these eigenvalues appear as zeros of the scattering matrix. As opposed to scattering poles,in hyperbolic geometry such a connection between zeros of the scattering matrix and non-scattering energies is not studied, and the goal of this paper is to do just this for particular arithmetic *** such groups, using existing deep results from analytic number theory, we reveal that the zeros of the scattering matrix, consequently non-scattering energies, are directly expressed in terms of the zeros of the Riemann zeta function. Weyl's asymptotic laws are provided for the eigenvalues in those cases along with estimates on their location in the complex plane.

关键词： Transmission eigenvalues Fuchsian groups Riemann zeta function scattering theory