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G-Phenomena as a Base of Scalable Distributed Computing—G-Phenomena in Moore’s Law

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International Journal of Internet and Distributed Systems 2014年第1期2卷 1-4页

作者： Karolj Skala Davor Davidovic Tomislav Lipic Ivan Sovic Centre for Informatics and Computing Ruder Boskovic InstituteZagrebCroatia

Today we witness the exponential growth of scientific research. This fast growth is possible thanks to the rapid development of computing systems since its first days in 1947 and the invention of transistor till the present days with high performance and scalable distributed computing systems. This fast growth of computing systems was first observed by Gordon E. Moore in 1965 and postulated as Moore’s Law. For the development of the scalable distributed computing systems, the year 2000 was a very special year. The first GHz speed processor, GB size memory and GB/s data transmission through network were achieved. Interestingly, in the same year the usable Grid computing systems emerged, which gave a strong impulse to a rapid development of distributed computing systems. This paper recognizes these facts that occurred in the year 2000, as the G-phenomena, a millennium cornerstone for the rapid development of scalable distributed systems evolved around the Grid and Cloud computing paradigms.

关键词： Historical Development of Computing G-Phenomena Moore’s Law Distributed Computing Scalability Grid Computing Cloud Computing Component

Enantioselective construction of a congested quaternary stereogenic center in isoindolinones bearing three aryl groups via an organocatalytic formal Betti reaction

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第2期9卷 428-435页

作者： Arben Berisa Danijel Glavac Chao Zheng Shu-Li You Matija Gredicak Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruder Boskovic InstituteBijenicka c.5410000 ZagrebCroatia State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences345 Lingling LuShanghai 200032China

An efficient enantioselective formal Betti reaction between phenols and diaryl ketimines generated in situ from isoindolinone alcohols is *** a reaction catalyzed by a chiral phosphoric acid,a broad range of ketimines and phenols afforded isoindolinone derivatives comprising a congested quaternary stereogenic center bearing three aryl groups in high yields,and high regioselectivities and enantioselectivities.

关键词： quaternary formal stereo

Coulometric sizing of nanoparticles： Cathodic and anodic impact experiments open two independent routes to electrochemical sizing of Fez04 nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2013年第11期6卷 836-841页

作者： Kristina Tschulik Baptiste Haddou Dario Omanovi Neil V. Rees Richard G. Compton Department of Chemistry Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory Oxford University South Parks Road Oxford OXI 3QZUnited Kingdom Center for Marine and Environmental Research Ruder Boskovic Institute P. O. Box 180 I0001 Zagreb Croatia

Anodic particle coulometry （APC） is a recently established method of sizing individual metal nanoparticles by oxidising them during their impact on a micro electrode. Here it is demonstrated that the application of APC can be extended to sizing of metal oxide nanoparticles, such as Fe304 magnetite nanoparticles. Additionally, a new route to electrochemical nanoparticle sizing is introduced-- cathodic particle coulometry （CPC）. This method uses the reduction of impacting nanoparticles, e.g., metal oxide nanoparticles, and is demonstrated to yield correct size information for Fe304 nanoparticles. The combination of these two independent electrochemical methods of nanoparticle sizing, allows for purely electrochemical sizing of single nanoparticles and simultaneous verification of the obtained results.

关键词： nanoparticle sizing Fe3O4 anodic particle coulometry cathodic particle coulometry impact experiments metal oxide nanoparticles

Fabrication and characterization of rugate structures composed of SiO_(2) and Nb_(2)O_(5)

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光学精密工程 2005年第4期13卷 505-511页

作者： R.Leitel O.Stenzel S.Wilbrandt D.Gäbler V.Janicki N.Kaiser Institut für Angewandte Physik Friedrich Schiller University JenaMax-Wien-Platz 107743 JenaGermany Optical Coatings Department Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Optik und FeinmechanikAlbert-Einstein-Str.7D-07745 JenaGermany Institute ruder Boskovic Bijenicka 5410000 ZagrebCroatia

Gradient index layers and rugate structures were fabricated on a Leybold Syrus pro deposition system by plasma-assisted coevaporation of the low index material silica and the high index material niobium *** obtain information about the compositional profiles of the produced layers,cross sectional transmission electron microscopy was used in assistance to deposition rate data recorded by two independent crystal monitors during the film *** depth dependent concentration profiles were transformed to refractive index gradients by means of effective medium *** on the refractive index gradients the corresponding samples`transmission and reflection spectra could be calculated by utilizing matrix *** relevance of the established refractive index profiles could be verified by comparison of the calculated spectra with the measured ones.

关键词： physical vapor deposition effective medium approximation rugate structure

From nanoparticles via microtemplates and milliparticles to deep-sea nodules： biogenically driven mineral formation

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2012年第2期6卷 97-115页

作者： Xiao-Hong WANG Ute SCHLOI MACHER Shun-Feng WANG Heinz C.SCHRODER Matthias WlENS Renato BATEL Werner E.G.MULLER National Research Center for Geoanalysis Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences26 Baiwanzhuang DajieBeijing 100037China ERC Advanced Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 6D-55128 MainzGermany ruder Boakove Institute Center for Marine ResearchGiordano Paliaga 5HR-52210 RovinjCroatia

Deep-sea minerals in polymetallic nodules and seamount Co-rich crusts are not only formed by mineralization but also by biologically driven processes involving microorganisms （biomineralization）. Within the polymetallic nodules, free-living and biofilm-forming bacteria provide the matrix for manganese deposition, and in seamount Co-rich crusts, coccolithophores represent the dominant organisms that act as bio-seeds for an initial manganese deposition. These （bio）minerals are economically important： manganese is an important alloying component and cobalt forms part of special steels in addition to being used, along with other rare metals, in plasma screens, hard-disk magnets and hybrid car motors. Recent progress in our understanding of the participation of the organic matrices in the enrichment of these metals might provide the basis for feasibility studies of biotechnological applications.

关键词： polymetallic nodule biomineralization bacteria sustainable exploitation

Bowel adhesion and therapy with the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157,L-NAME and L-arginine in rats

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2020年第5期11卷 93-109页

作者： Lidija Berkopic Cesar Slaven Gojkovic Ivan Krezic Dominik Malekinusic Helena Zizek Lovorka Batelja Vuletic Andreja Petrovic Katarina Horvat Pavlov Domagoj Drmic Antonio Kokot Josipa Vlainic Sven Seiwerth Predrag Sikiric Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Pathology School of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Institute ruder Boskovic Zagreb 10000Croatia

BACKGROUND After parietal peritoneum excision with an underlying superficial layer of muscle tissue in rats,there is failed vasculature,and finally,increased adhesion *** hypothesized that unlike nitric oxide(NO)-agents,L-NAME and/or L-arginine,the application of the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 with its most recent vascular effects(“vascular recruitment”)means attenuated bowel adhesion formation and NO-and malondialdehyde(MDA)-tissue *** To focused on the bowel adhesion and the therapy with the BPC 157,its most and application of *** Along with defect creation,medication was(1)during surgery,once,at 1 min after defect creation as an abdominal bath(1 mL/rat),BPC 157(10μg/kg,10 ng/kg,1 mL/rat),an equivolume of saline,L-NAME(5 mg/kg),L-arginine(200 mg/kg)alone and/or ***,medication was(2)intraperitoneally once daily,first application at 30 min after surgery,last application 24 h before assessment at d 7 or d *** a postponed therapy to preexisting adhesion(3),BPC 157(10μg/kg,10 ng/kg intraperitoneally,1 mL/rat)was given once daily since d *** recovery effect of the BPC 157 regimens goes with the presence of abundant vascular vessels in and near the defect,which occurs ***,also applied as post-treatment,BPC 157 creates attenuated adhesions,minimal or no ***,NO-agents have diverse initial and final effects:The initial weakening of blood vessel disappearance and finally,severe worsening of adhesions(LNAME)vs the initial weakening of blood vessel disappearance and finally,attenuation of adhesions formation(L-arginine),which counteract each other response given ***,BPC 157 maintains its beneficial effect also when given with NO-agents(L-NAME+BC 157;L-arginine+BPC 157;L-NAME+L-arginine+BPC 157).Finally,with respect to the increased NO-and MDAvalues-adhesion tissue formation relation,unlike diverse effect of the NO-agents,the BPC 157 application effect regularly

关键词： Abdominal wall defect Adhesions BPC 157 Vascular recruitment Nitric oxide-agents Rats

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONS OF AZITHROMYCIN,ITS DERIVATIVES AND COPPER COMPLEX

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STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONS OF AZITHROMYCIN,ITS DERIVATIVES AN...

Abiotic Sponge Ecology Conditions,Limski Kanal and Northern Adriatic Sea,Croatia

Sixteenth Congress of the International Union of Crystallography

作者： B.Kamenar N.Kouti-Hulita D.Mrvo-Sermek A.Nagl I.Vickovi S.Doki G. Kobrehel G.Lazarevski N.Lopotar M.Vinkovi B. Metelko D.Viki-Topi Laboratory of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of ScienceThe UniversityZagrebCroatia PLIVA Pharmaceutical IndustryResearch InstituteZagrebCroatia ruder Boskovic Institute Zagreb Croatia

＜正＞Azithromycin（1） was the first representative of a new class of 15-membered macrolide antibiotics with improved pharmacokinetics and greater activity as compared to erythromycin A （Dokic,*** al.,1988,***.（S） pp.152-153）.Here we report the structures of one of its derivatives（2）,2:1 solvate of azithromycin with dimethyl sulfoxide（3）,and 1:2 complex of copper（II） with azithromycin（4）.Both（1） and（2） are dihydrates.

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2011年第1期1卷 18-30页

作者： Anne Kloppel Corinna Messal Martin Pfannkuchen Jorg Matschullat Wolfgang Zucht Bojan Hamer Franz Brümmer Universitat Stuttgart Biologisches InstitutAbteilung ZoologiePfaffenwaldringStuttgartGermany Technische Universitat Bergakademie Freiberg Interdisciplinary Environmental Research CentreBrennhausgasseFreibergGermany ruder Boskovic Institute Center for Marine ResearchGiordano PaliagaRovinjCroatia

The Limski kanal, a semi-closed inlet (channel-like bay) located on the western coast of Istria (Croatia), is an extraordinary sponge habitat. Research on the marine ecosystem has been conducted there for more than 100 years. Today, 42 valid Porifera species are described. 139 species are listed for the area around Rovinj and 159 species for the northern Adriatic Sea. While several scientists described the sponge fauna, information on the abiotic situation or an explanation for the diversity differences is missing. This study interprets physicochemical and ecological parameters including depth profiles (temperature, salinity, pH-value, oxygen, water current velocity, photosynthetically active radiation [PAR], water transparency and nutrients). Their variances are linked with the distribution patterns of the prevailing sponge fauna. The channel is characterised as predominantly marine habitat. Although a shallow sediment barrier and a headland reduce the impact of the northern Adriatic Sea, differences between the channel and the open sea seem to be limited. Compared to the more homogenous water body of the Adriatic sampling locations, the channel shows variations and gradients of ecological parameters between different locations (e.g., due to freshwater influx: nutrients, temperature, oxygen content, salinity and water current velocity) – this offering habitat diversity. The sponge fauna changes along those ecological gradients. It is dominated by the photophilic species Aplysina aerophoba and Chondrilla nucula, but sciaphilic species such as Dysidea avara, Axinella polypoides and Aplysina cavernicola can be found, too. Some specialised species (e.g., Geodia cydonium, Tethya aurantium) even populate the muddy bottom of the channel.

关键词： Sponge Fauna Porifera Ecological Parameters Abiotic Parameters Habitat Characteristics

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广西岩溶地区钙华的地球化学特征

地质学报 2003年第2期77卷 287-287页

作者： SFRANIKOVI-BILINSKI,HBILINSKI,DBARII,NHORVATINI,袁道先 Institute ruder Bokovi POB 180 HR-10001 Zagreb Croatia Institute ruder Bokovi POB 180 HR-10001 Zagreb Croatia Institute ruder Bokovi POB 180 HR-10001 Zagreb Croatia Institute ruder Bokovi POB 180 HR-10001 Zagreb Croatia 岩溶地质研究所广西桂林 541004

本文以广西岩溶地区的11个样品为依据,讨论了钙华的地球化学特征,并与克罗地亚第纳尔岩溶区的钙华作了对比。广西钙华的主要矿物成分是方解石,并有少量石英和白

关键词：岩溶地区钙华地球化学特征广西