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Observation and verification of surface electrical explosion driven by radial-distributed pulsed current in laboratory lightning strike test

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 137-149页

作者： Ruoyu Han Yuchen Cao Yakun Liu Xi Chen Ting Li Chen Li Pengfei Li State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina Beijing institute of Astronautical System Engineering BeijingChina Aerospace Research institute of Materials and Processing technology BeijingChina

The laboratory lightning test is essential for assessing the effectiveness of lightning strike protection(LSP).Particularly,direct lightning strike damage can be performed with pulsed current injection into the *** paper focuses on the dynamic process of arc plasma and shock wave behaviour in the vicinity of the‘strike’point.A rod-plate discharge load is built for testing aluminium and coated plate under 40-kA-level pulsed *** visualisation of the luminous discharge plasma and its flow field via high-speed photography(from different angles)is meticulously designed and implemented,synchronised with electro-physical *** results indicate some new mechanisms for lightning strike damage,apart from the impulse heat loading from the thermal *** transient current injection through the arc root concentrates on a thin skin layer(skin-depth effect),with the radial-attenuated current density,driving asynchronously electrical explosions on the plate *** inhomogeneous Joule heating of the plate leads to outwardly propagating phase transition and shock wave along the conductive *** addition,the electro-thermal instability is observed and regarded as the seed of irregular erosion *** information reveals two different plasma states of main discharge arc channel and adjacent surface electrical *** correspondence of the physical mechanism of electrical explosion and optical radiation is *** images for different regions depict erosion characteristics and summarise influencing factors,further confirming the mechanism *** research clarifies the role of skin-depth effect in transaction arc erosion for electrode,complements the electrical explosion theory with unevenly distributed current and helps optimise strategies of LSP.

关键词： electrical lightning radial

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Photo-enhanced uranium recovery from spent fuel reprocessing wastewater via S-scheme 2D/0D C_(3)N_(5)/Fe_(2)O_(3) heterojunctions

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SusMat 2024年第2期4卷 41-50页

作者： Qi Meng Linzhen Wu Xiaoyong Yang Ying Xiong Fanpeng Kong Tao Duan State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials NuclearWaste and Environmental Safety Key Laboratory of DefenseSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyangSichuanChina MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinHeilongjiangChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden

Re-extracting environmentally transportable hexavalent uranium from wastew-ater produced by spent fuel reprocessing using the photocatalytic technology is a crucial strategy to avoid uranium pollution and recover nuclear fuel strategic ***,we have designed S-scheme 2D/0D C_(3)N_(5)/Fe_(2)O_(3)heterojunction photocatalysts based on the built-in electric field and the energy band bend-ing theory,and have further revealed the immobilization process of hexavalent uranium conversion into relatively insoluble tetravalent uranium in terms of thermodynamics and *** to the results,the hexavalent uranium removal and recovery ratios in wastewater are as high as 93.38%and 83.58%,***,C_(3)N_(5)/Fe_(2)O_(3)heterojunctions also exhibit satisfactory cat-alytic activity and selectivity even in the presence of excessive impurity cations(including Na^(+),K^(+),Ca^(^(2+)),Mg^(2+),Sr^(2+),and Eu^(3+))or various organics(such as xylene,tributylphosphate,pyridine,tannic acid,citric acid,and oxalic acid).It is believed that this work can provide a potential opportunity for S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts to re-enrich uranium from spent fuel wastewater.

关键词： nuclear wastewater S-scheme heterostructure uranium recovery

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Phase transition of multi-component(TiZrVNb)C ceramics—Part II:From single phase to multiple phases via adjusting V content

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 689-698页

作者： Qingyi Kong Lei Chen Sijia Huo Kunxuan Li Wenyu Lu Yujin Wang Yu Zhou institute for Advanced Ceramics School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure‒Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Key Laboratory of Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

To address the relatively mediocre mechanical properties of single-phase multi-component carbide ceramics,a phase transition from a single phase to multiple phases was proposed to achieve superior mechanical properties.A series of(TiZrV_(x)Nb)C_(0.8) ceramics with different V contents were fabricated by spark plasma sintering(SPS).The influence of the V content on the phase composition,microstructural evolution,and mechanical properties was investigated in *** transition behavior from a single phase to multiple phases is discovered and *** formation of the Zr-rich phase and Zr-poor phase can be attributed to the increase in lattice distortion and mixed enthalpy caused by the addition of V.A nanometer lamellar structure with a semi-coherent interface obtained via in situ decomposition is reported for the first time in multi-component carbide *** semi-coherent interfaces with high dislocation density and strain concentration effectively improve the mechanical properties,grain refinement,and multi-phase *** optimal comprehensive mechanical properties of the Vickers hardness(26.3 GPa),flexural strength(369 MPa),and fracture toughness(3.1 MPa·m^(1/2))were achieved for the sample with 20 mol%V.

关键词： multi-component ceramics multiple phases microstructure evolution phase decomposition mechanical properties

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Facile synthesis of accordion-like porous carbon from waste PET bottles-based MIL-53(Al) and its application for high-performance Zn-ion capacitor

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第7期9卷 1138-1150页

作者： Jiaxin Li Shuai Zhang Yumeng Hua Yichao Lin Xin Wen Ewa Mijowska Tao Tang Xuecheng Chen Rodney S.Ruoff Faculty of Chemical technology and Engineering West Pomeranian University of Technology Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Safety Engineering China University of Mining and Technology institute of Advanced Electrical Materials Qingdao University of Science and Technology institute for Basic Science Center for Multiple Dimensional Carbon Materials Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)

It is of great scientific and economic value to recycle waste poly（ethylene terephthalate）(PET) into high-value PET-based metal organic frameworks（MOFs） and further convert it into porous carbon for green energy storage applications. In the present study, a facile and costeffective hydrothermal process was developed to direct recycle waste PET bottles into MIL-53（Al） with a 100% conversation, then the MOFderived porous carbon was assembled into electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors. The results indicated that the as-synthesized carbon exhibited high SSA of 1712 m2g-1and unique accordion-like structure with hierarchical porosity. Benefit to these advantageous characters, the assembled three-electrode supercapacitor displayed high specific capacitances of 391 F g-1at the current density of 0.5 A g-1and good rate capability of 73.6% capacitance retention at 20 A g-1in 6 mol L-1KOH electrolyte. Furthermore, the assembled zinc ion capacitor still revealed outstanding capacitance of 335 F g-1at 0.1 A g-1, excellent cycling stability of 92.2% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles and ultra-high energy density of 150.3 Wh kg-1at power density of 90 W kg-1in 3 mol L-1ZnSO4electrolyte. It is believed that the current work provides a facile and effective strategy to recycle PET waste into high-valuable MOF, and further expands the applications of MOF-derived carbons for high-performance energy storage devices, so it is conducive to both pollution alleviation and sustainable economic development.

关键词： PET Recycling Porous carbon Supercapacitor Energy storage

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Effect of neutral polymeric bonding agent on tensile mechanical properties and damage evolution of NEPE propellant

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 357-367页

作者： M.Wubuliaisan Yanqing Wu Xiao Hou Kun Yang Hongzheng Duan Xinmei Yin State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081PR China The Fourth institute of China Aerospace Science and technology Corporation Xi'an710025PR China School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081PR China Science and technology on Aerospace Chemical Power Laboratory Hubei Institute of Aerospace ChemotechnologyHubei441003PR China

Introducing Neutral Polymeric bonding agents(NPBA) into the Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether(NEPE)propellant could improve the adhesion between filler/matrix interface, thereby contributing to the development of new generations of the NEPE propellant with better mechanical properties. Therefore,understanding the effects of NPBA on the deformation and damage evolution of the NEPE propellant is fundamental to material design and applications. This paper studies the uniaxial tensile and stress relaxation responses of the NEPE propellant with different amounts of NPBA. The damage evolution in terms of interface debonding is further investigated using a cohesive-zone model(CZM). Experimental results show that the initial modulus and strength of the NEPE propellant increase with the increasing amount of NPBA while the elongation decreases. Meanwhile, the relaxation rate slows down and a higher long-term equilibrium modulus is reached. Experimental and numerical analyses indicate that interface debonding and crack propagation along filler-matrix interface are the dominant damage mechanism for the samples with a low amount of NPBA, while damage localization and crack advancement through the matrix are predominant for the ones with a high amount of NPBA. Finally, crosslinking density tests and simulation results also show that the effect of the bonding agent is interfacial rather than due to the overall crosslinking density change of the binder.

关键词： Solid propellant Bonding agent Mechanical properties Damage evolution Cohesive-zone model Interface debonding

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Gria:an efficient deterministic concurrency control protocol

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第4期18卷 25-37页

作者： Xinyuan WANG Yun PENG Hejiao HUANG School of Computer Science and technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China institute of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Deterministic databases are able to reduce coordination costs in a *** property has fostered a significant interest in the design of efficient deterministic concurrency control ***,the state-of-the-art deterministic concurrency control protocol Aria has three ***,it is impractical to configure a suitable batch size when the read-write set is ***,Aria running in low-concurrency scenarios,e.g.,a single-thread scenario,suffers from the same conflicts as running in high-concurrency ***,the single-version schema brings write-after-write *** address these issues,we propose Gria,an efficient deterministic concurrency control *** has the following ***,the batch size of Gria is ***,Gria’s conflict probability in low-concurrency scenarios is lower than that in high-concurrency ***,Gria has no write-after-write conflicts by adopting a multi-version *** further reduce conflicts,we propose two optimizations:a reordering mechanism as well as a rechecking *** evaluation result on two popular benchmarks shows that Gria outperforms Aria by 13x.

关键词： deterministic concurrency control transaction processing

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Three-dimensional magnetic reconnection in complex multiple X-point configurations in an ancient solar-lunar terrestrial system

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 488-495页

作者：何向磊毛傲华孙萌萌邹继同王晓钢 School of Physics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Laboratory for Space Environment and Materials Science Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Magnetic reconnection processes in three-dimensional(3D)complex field configurations have been investigated in different magneto-plasma systems in space,laboratory,and astrophysical ***-dimensional(2D)features of magnetic reconnection have been well developed and applied successfully to systems with symmetrical property,such as toroidal fusion plasmas and laboratory experiments with an axial *** in asymmetric systems,the 3D features are inevitably different from those in the 2D *** reconnection structures in multiple celestial body systems,particularly star-planet-Moon systems,bring fresh insights to the understanding of the 3D geometry of ***,we take magnetic reconnection in an ancient solar-lunar terrestrial magneto-plasma system as an example by using its crucial parameters approximately estimated already and also some specific applications in pathways for energy and matter transports among Earth,ancient Moon,and the interplanetary magnetic field(IMF).Then,magnetic reconnection of the ancient lunar-terrestrial magnetospheres with the IMF is investigated numerically in this *** a 3D simulation for the Earth-Moon-IMF system,topological features of complex magnetic reconnection configurations and dynamical characteristics of magnetic reconnection processes are *** is found that a coupled lunar-terrestrial magnetosphere is formed,and under various IMF orientations,multiple X-points emerge at distinct locations,showing three typical magnetic reconnection structures in such a geometry,i.e.,the X-line,the triple current sheets,and the A-B null *** results can conduce to further understanding of reconnection physics in 3D for plasmas in complex magnetic configurations,and also a possible mechanism for energy and matters transport in evolutions of similar astrophysical systems.

关键词： magnetic reconnection multiple X-points complex magneto-plasma system

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Portable dielectrophoresis for biology:ADEPT facilitates cell trapping,separation,and interactions

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 193-205页

作者： Lourdes Albina Nirupa Julius Dora Akgül Gowri Krishnan Fabian Falk Jan Korvink Vlad Badilita Department Institute of Microstructure TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of TechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344Baden-WürttembergGermany

Dielectrophoresis is a powerful and well-established technique that allows label-free,non-invasive manipulation of cells and particles by leveraging their electrical *** practical implementation of the associated electronics and user interface in a biology laboratory,however,requires an engineering background,thus hindering the broader adoption of the *** order to address these challenges and to bridge the gap between biologists and the engineering skills required for the implementation of DEP platforms,we report here a custom-built,compact,universal electronic platform termed ADEPT(adaptable dielectrophoresis embedded platform tool)for use with a simple microfluidic chip containing six *** versatility of the open-source platform is ensured by a custom-developed graphical user interface that permits simple reconfiguration of the control signals to address a wide-range of specific applications:(i)precision positioning of the single bacterium/cell/particle in the micrometer range;(ii)viability-based separation by achieving a 94%efficiency in separating live and dead yeast;(iii)phenotype-based separation by achieving a 96%efficiency in separating yeast and Bacillus subtilis;(iv)cell–cell interactions by steering a phagocytosis process where a granulocyte engulfs *** RGB-S ***,the set of experiments and the platform form a complete basis for a wide range of possible applications addressing various biological questions exploiting the plug-and-play design and the intuitive GUI of ADEPT.

关键词： Together separation separating

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(Lu_(1/7)Yb_(1/7)Sc_(1/7)Er_(1/7)Y_(1/7)Ho_(1/7)Dy_(1/7))_(2)Si_(2)O_(7)high entropy rare-earth disilicate with low thermal conductivity and excellent resistance to CMAS corrosion

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 549-560页

作者： Xu Wang Mingyu Meng Feihan Xu Ling Liu Lihong Gao Shizhen Zhu Zhuang Ma School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China National Key Laboratory of Science and technology on Materials under Shock and Impact Beijing 100081China Tangshan Research institute Beijing Institute of TechnologyTangshan 063000China

Low thermal conductivity,compatible thermal expansion coefficient,and good calcium–magnesium–aluminosilicate(CMAS)corrosion resistance are critical requirements for environmental barrier coatings used on silicon-based ***2Si2O7(RE=rare earth)has been widely recognized as one of the most promising candidates for environmental barrier coatings due to its good water vapor corrosion ***,the relatively high thermal conductivity and poor resistance to CMAS corrosion have limited its practical *** by the high entropy effect,in this work,a novel rare earth disilicate(Lu_(_(1/7))Yb_(_(1/7))Sc_(_(1/7))Er_(_(1/7))Y_(_(1/7))Ho_(_(1/7))Dy_(_(1/7)))2Si2O7((7RE_(_(1/7)))2Si2O7)has been designed and synthesized by a solid reaction process.(7RE_(_(1/7)))2Si2O7 showed a low thermal conductivity of 1.81 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1)at 1273 ***,the thermal expansion coefficient of(7RE_(_(1/7)))_(2)Si_(2)O_(7)(4.07×10^(−6)℃^(−1)from room temperature(RT)to 1400℃)is close to that of the SiC-based ceramic matrix composites(SiC-CMCs)((4.5–5.5)×10^(−6)℃^(−1)).Additionally,(7RE_(_(1/7)))2Si2O7 exhibited excellent resistance to CMAS *** exposed to CMAS at 1300℃for 48 h,the reaction layer thickness was 22μ*** improved performance of(7RE_(_(1/7)))2Si2O7 highlights its potential as a promising candidate for thermal/environmental barrier coatings.

关键词： high entropy disilicate (Lu_(1/7)Yb_(1/7)Sc_(1/7)Er_(1/7)Y_(1/7)Ho_(1/7)Dy_(1/7))_(2)Si_(2)O_(7)((7RE_(1/7))_(2)Si_(2)O_(7)) high-temperature thermal properties calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate(CMAS)corrosion

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Optimizing near-carbon-free nuclear energy systems:advances in reactor operation digital twin through hybrid machine learning algorithms for parameter identification and state estimation

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 177-203页

作者： Li‑Zhan Hong He‑Lin Gong Hong‑Jun Ji Jia‑Liang Lu Han Li Qing Li Paris Elite institute of technology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Science and technology on Reactor System Design technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of ChinaChengdu 610041China

Accurate and efficient online parameter identification and state estimation are crucial for leveraging digital twin simulations to optimize the operation of near-carbon-free nuclear energy *** previous studies,we developed a reactor operation digital twin(RODT).However,non-differentiabilities and discontinuities arise when employing machine learning-based surrogate forward models,challenging traditional gradient-based inverse methods and their *** study investigated deterministic and metaheuristic algorithms and developed hybrid algorithms to address these *** efficient modular RODT software framework that incorporates these methods into its post-evaluation module is presented for comprehensive *** methods were rigorously assessed based on convergence profiles,stability with respect to noise,and computational *** numerical results show that the hybrid KNNLHS algorithm excels in real-time online applications,balancing accuracy and efficiency with a prediction error rate of only 1%and processing times of less than 0.1 ***,algorithms such as FSA,DE,and ADE,although slightly slower(approximately 1 s),demonstrated higher accuracy with a 0.3%relative L_2 error,which advances RODT methodologies to harness machine learning and system modeling for improved reactor monitoring,systematic diagnosis of off-normal events,and lifetime management *** developed modular software and novel optimization methods presented offer pathways to realize the full potential of RODT for transforming energy engineering practices.

关键词： Parameter identification State estimation Reactor operation digital twin Reduced order model Inverse problem

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