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The Challenging Place of Natural Hazards in Disaster Risk Reduction Conceptual Models:Insights from Central Africa and the European Alps

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第3期11卷 316-332页

作者： Caroline Michellier Patrick Pigeon André Paillet Théodore Trefon Olivier Dewitte Francois Kervyn Natural Hazards Service Royal Museum for Central Africa3080 TervurenBelgium EDYTEM Laboratory Universite de Savoie-Mont-Blanc73376 Le Bourget du lacFrance Geodynamics and Mineral Resources Service Royal Museum for Central Africa3080 TervurenBelgium

Based on a literature review and two case studies,this article presents the difficulties inherent in the main disaster risk reduction conceptual *** method used to highlight such evidence is to compare two programs on disaster risk reduction with mainstream conceptual *** authors participated in these programs,which were confronted with the need to integrate contributions and insights from both earth and social *** analysis found that the existing main conceptual models were unable to do justice to disaster risk reduction *** finding encouraged us to critique these *** effort led us to present possible solutions to compensate for the shortcomings of current models while taking into account the contextualization and dynamics of phenomena,as well as grappling with the more explicit integration of hazards and hazard risk into model design.

关键词： Central Africa Conceptual models Disaster risk reduction Natural hazards Northern French Alps

A New Basal Neoceratopsian Dinosaur from the Middle Cretaceous of Jilin Province,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第2期83卷 200-206页

作者： JIN Liyong CHEN Jun ZAN Shuqin Pascal GODEFROIT Jilin University museum Chaoyang Campus Jilin 130026 China The Geological museum of China Beijing 100034 China Department of Palaeontology Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences Belgium

A new basal neoceratopsian dinosaur, Helioceratops brachygnathus gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Quantou Formation （late Early Cretaceous or early Late Cretaceous） in the Liufangzi locality （Jilin province, China）. Helioceratops differs from other basal neoceratopsians with its deep dentary ramus, its steeply-inclined ventral predentary facet, its heterogeneous dentary crowns, and by the denticles and secondary ridges asymmetrically distributed on either side of the primary ridge on its dentary teeth. Along with Auroraceratops and Yamaceratops, Helioceratops represents one of the most derived non-coronosaurian neoceratopsians. The palaeogeographical distribution of basal neoceratopsians appears limited to northern China and southern Mongolia in the current state of our knowledge. It is therefore probable that this region constituted the birthplace for more advanced, Late Cretaceous Coronosanria.

关键词： Dinosauria Neoceratopsia Middle Cretaceous Quantou Formation Jilin province

A Review of the Tetrapod Track Record in China,with Special Reference to Type Ichnospecies:Implications for Ichnotaxonomy and Paleobiology

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第1期87卷 1-20页

作者： Martin G.LOCKLEY LI Jianjun LI Rihui Masaki MATSUKAWA Jerald D.HARRIS XING Lida University of Colorado Denver Dinosaur Tracks Research Group Beijing museum of Natural History museum Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology China Geological Survey Department of Environmental Sciences Tokyo Gakugei University Department of Physical Sciences Dixie State College Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta11455 Saskatchewan Drive

＂Splitting＂ and ＂lumping＂ are perpetual problems in vertebrate, especially dinosaur, ichnotaxonomy. Chinese dinosaur ichnotaxonomy, which began in 1940, provides a series of interesting case studies, highlighting the dual problems of historical and dubious ichnotaxonomy. Chinese Mesozoic tetrapod track types have been placed into 63 ichnospecies （one Triassic, 28 Jurassic, and 34 Cretaceous）, exclusive of other, non-type ichnospecies or ichnotaxa identified from China. Fifty-two （~83%） of these 63 tetrapod ichnospecies were placed in monospecific ichnogenera. At the ichnogenus level, we prune---either by recognizing nomina dubia or by synonymy--17 from the list of 53 dinosaurian ichnogenera （a 32% reduction）, leaving 36 ichnotaxa that we consider valid. Most of the cuts affect Jurassic theropod ichnotaxa, which are reduced from 23 to only nine because most ichnogenera are subjective junior synonyms of Grallator and Eubrontes. Fewer Chinese Cretaceous ichnotaxa （only six of 21 ichnogenera） are obvious nomina dubia or subjective synonyms, suggesting greater east Asian endemism during this time. Because ichnospecies differences are subtle, we provisionally retain ichnospecies as valid pending detailed comparative analyses of congeneric ichnospecies. This synthesis is long overdue and is necessary to address problems of historical and provincial ichnotaxonomy, which severely hamper comparisons of tetrapod ichnofaunas in space and time.

关键词： Dinosaurs birds theropods ichnotaxonomy Mesozoic China

Cretaceous Hitchhikers:a Possible Phoretic Association between a Pseudoscorpion and Bird in Burmese Amber

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第6期92卷 2434-2435页

作者： XING Lida Ryan C.MCKELLAR. GAO Zhizhong State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of the Earth Sciences and Resourees China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China royal saskatchewan museum ReginaSaskatchewan S4P 4W7Canada Biology Department University of ReginaReginaSaskatchewan S4S OA2Canada Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of KansasLawrenceKansas66405USA Department of Biology Xinzhou Teachers UniversityXinzhou 034000ShanxiChina

Objective Phoresy represents a non-parasitic association between animals of different taxa related to transportation. Members of several pseudoscorpion families are phoretic. In pseudoscorpions, phoresy may or may not be associated with their predatory behavior, enabling dispersal over larger distances than they could manage with their own short legs. This provides a wide distribution, and a potential food supply.

关键词： Cretaceous Hitchhikers a Possible Phoretic Association between a Pseudoscorpion and Bird in Burmese Amber DIP

Description of the song of the Nilgiri Thrush(Zoothera [aurea] neilgherriensis) and song differentiation across the Zoothera dauma species complex

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Avian Research 2018年第3期9卷 273-279页

作者： Jason T.Weir Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough Department of Natural History Royal Ontario Museum

Background: Taxonomic treatment of the Zoothera dauma species complex is highly variable and has been hampered by the absence of song recordings for the Nilgiri Thrush(Zoothera [aurea] neilgherriensis).Methods: I obtained two recordings of the song of neigherriensis from southern Indian. Here I publish sonograms and analyze song recordings for all but one currently described taxon from the Eurasian portion of the geographic range of this species complex. Principal component analyses were used to investigate song differences between ***: The song of neigherriensis is a highly complex series of strophes remarkably similar to the song of the insular Zoothera major. Vocal analyses across the complex indicate four key groups of taxa differentiated in their songs:(1) simple flat whistled songs which include the northern aurea, toratugumi and the undescribed Taiwan population;(2) eastern populations of dauma(reported here for the first time) which sing like northern birds but with much broader bandwidth,(3) strongly down-slurred, thin whistles of tropical resident imbricata of Sri Lanka and horsfieldi of Indonesia, and(4) highly complex songs of Himalayan dauma, neilgherriensis and ***: Zoothera dauma is unlikely to represent a single species given the simple singing populations from its eastern range and highly complex song from the Himalayan portion of its range. neilgherriensis should either be transferred from Zoothera aurea, where it is currently classified as a subspecies, and be placed as a subspecies within Z. dauma from the Himalayas or it should be recognized as a distinct species. Given the small number of songs available for analyses, I suggest the former course until it can be clearly demonstrated that neilgherriensis and Himalayan dauma are vocally distinct.

关键词： Nilgiri Thrush neilgherriensis Zoothera dauma Song Taxonomy

A flattened enantiornithine in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber:morphology and preservation

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Science Bulletin 2018年第4期63卷 235-243页

作者： Lida Xing Jingmai K.O'Connor Ryan C.McKellar Luis M.Chiappe Ming Bai Kuowei Tseng Jie Zhang Haidong Yang Jun Fang Gang Li State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GensciencesBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyBeijing 100044China royal saskatchewan museum ReginaSaskatchewan SLIP 4W7Canada Biology Department University of ReginaReginaSaskatchewan S4S OA2Canada Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of KansasLawrence 66045USA Dinosaur Institute Natural History Museum of Los Angeles CountyLos Angeles 90007USA Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Exercise and Health Science University of TaipeiTaipei 11153China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Cretaceous amber from Myanmar(～99 Ma Burmese amber) has become a valuable supplement to the traditional skeletal record of small theropod dinosaurs preserved in sedimentary rocks, particularly for coelurosaurs and enantiornithines. The specimens recovered from this deposit preserve skeletal material and soft tissues in unmatched detail. This provides opportunities to study three-dimensional preservation of soft tissues, microstructure, and pigmentation patterns that are seldom available elsewhere in the fossil record. Ultimately, this line of research provides insights into life stages that are difficult to preserve, the ecology and appearance of the groups involved, and the evolutionarydevelopment of structures such as feathers. Here we describe the most recent discovery from Burmese amber, an articulated skeleton of an enantiornithine bird. This individual has been sectioned along the coronal plane, providing a unique view inside multiple body regions. Osteological observations and plumage patterns support placement within the Enantiornithes, and suggest that the animal may have been a juvenile at the time of death. The specimen has a complex taphonomic history that includes exposure at the surface of a resin flow prior to encapsulation, and may include scavenging by some of the insects trapped within the same amber piece. The chemical composition observed along surface exposures and shallowly buried regions of the body indicate that the specimen has not undergone significant exchange with its surroundings. High iron concentrations are present in regions that preserve soft tissues as carbon films, and calcium distribution corresponds to regions where bones breach the surface of the amber.

关键词： EnantiornithesJuvenileOsteologySoft tissue preservation

Discovery of Female Laudakia papenfussi Zhao,1998,with Insights into its Phylogenetic Relationships

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Asian Herpetological Research 2016年第2期7卷 122-130页

作者： Dahu ZOU Fang YAN Ke JIANG Jing CHE Robert W.MURPHY Theodore J.PAPENFUSS Shuangquan DUAN Song HUANG School of Sciences Tibet University College of Life and Environment Sciences Huangshan University State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Royal Ontario Museum Department of Integrative Biology Museum of Vertebrate ZoologyUniversity of California

The sole voucher of Papenfuss＇ Rock Agama, Laudakia papenfussi （CIB 775001）, an adult male, was collected from Zanda, Tibet, China on July 1, 1976 and described in 1998. No information on this species appeared since its description. In September 2014, we collected one female and six males at the type locality. Based on the original description and these newly collected specimens, we re-describe this species. Principal components analysis based on 33 morphological characteristics clearly diagnose L. papenfussi from closely related species. One way ANOVA test shows significant differences among four Tibetan rock agamas for 9 characters at 95% significant level, and 8 characters at 99% significant level. Molecular analyses recover three main clades in Laudakia. The four Tibetan rock agamas place into two geographical groups： Yarlung Zangbo group （L. sacra and L. wui） and the Himalayan group （L. tuberculata and L. papenfussi）.

关键词： Papenfuss' Rock Agama Tibetan Plateau morphology phylogeny

Cambrian explosion fossils from the North China craton

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National Science Review 2022年第7期9卷 13-13页

作者： Jean-Bernard Caron Department of Natural History Royal Ontario Museum

Our understanding of the Cambrian explosion has relied heavily on a few exceptional fossil deposits preserving soft-bodied animals,the so-called Burgess-Shale-type deposits,or BSTs for *** are named after the famous Canadian fossil deposit discovered by Charles Walcott in *** ofwhere they come from or their age,all BSTs preserve soft-bodied fossils as carbonaceous remains.

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TLR9 agonist enhances radiofrequency ablation-induced CTL responses, leading to the potent inhibition of primary tumor growth and lung metastasis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第10期16卷 820-832页

作者： Aizhang Xu Lifeng Zhang Jingying Yuan Fatma Babikr Andrew Freywald Rajni Chibbar Michael Moser Wenjun Zhang Bing Zhang Zhaoying Fu Jim Xiang Cancer Research Saskatchewan Cancer AgencyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada Department of Oncology University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada Department of General Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina Department of Pathology University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada Department of Surgery University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada Department of Bioengineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada Biomedical Science and Technology Research Center School of Mechatronic Engineering and AutomationShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Immunology College of MedicineYian-An UniversityYian-AnChina

Radiofrequency ablation(RFA)is the most common approach to thermal ablation for cancer ***,its efficacy is limited by incomplete ablation,and further optimization of RFA is ***,we demonstrate that incubation at 65°C triggers more EG7 tumor cell death by necrosis than treatment at 45°C,and the 65°C-treated cells are more effective at inducing antigen-specific CD8^(+)cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)responses after injection in mice than the 45°C-treated *** cells(DCs)that phagocytose 65°C-treated EG7 cells become mature with upregulated MHCII and CD80 expression and are capable of efficiently inducing effector CTLs in mouse tumor ***(65°C)therapy of EG7 tumors induces large areas of tumor necrosis and stimulates CTL *** leads to complete regression of small(~100 mm^(3))tumors but fails to suppress the growth of larger(~350 mm^(3))*** administration of the Toll-like receptor-9(TLR9)agonist unmethylated cytosine-phosphorothioate-guanine oligonucleotide(CpG)to DCs phagocytosing 65°C-treated EG7 cells enhances the expression of MHCII and CD40 on DCs as well as DC-induced stimulation of CTL ***,the intratumoral administration of CpG following RFA also increases the frequencies of tumor-associated immunogenic CD11b−CD11c^(+)CD103^(+)DC2 and CD11b+F4/80+MHCII+M1 macrophages and increases CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T-cell tumor infiltration,leading to enhanced CD4^(+)T cell-dependent CTL responses and potent inhibition of primary RFA-treated or distant untreated tumor growth as well as tumor lung metastasis in mice bearing larger ***,our data indicate that CpG administration,which enhances RFA-induced CTL responses and ultimately potentiates the inhibition of primary tumor growth and lung metastasis,is a promising strategy for improving RFA treatment,which may assist in optimizing this important cancer therapy.

关键词： TLR9 agonist RFA CTL response antitumor immunity metastasis