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Self-reported Taste and smell Disorders in Patients with COVID-19:Distinct Features in China

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Current Medical Science 2021年第1期41卷 14-23页

作者： Jia SONG Yi-ke DENG Hai WANG Zhi-chao WANG Bo LIAO Jin MA Chao HE Li PAN Yang LIU Isam Alobid De-yun WANG Ming ZENG Joaquim Mullol Zheng LIU Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China rhinology unit and smell clinic ENT DepartmentHospital ClinicIDIBAPSUniversitat de BarcelonaCIBERESBarcelona 08036Spain Department of Otolaryngology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore 699010Singapore

Last December 2019,a cluster of viral pneumonia cases identified as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)was reported in Wuhan,*** aimed to explore the frequencies of nasal symptoms in patients with COVID-19,including loss of smell and taste,as well as their presentation as the first symptom of the disease and their association with the severity of *** this retrospective study,1206 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients were included and followed up by telephone one month after discharged from Tongji Hospital,*** data,laboratory values,comorbidities,symptoms,and numerical rating scale scores(0–10)of nasal symptoms were extracted from the hospital medical records,and confirmed or reevaluated by the telephone *** patients(n=1172)completing follow-up,199(17%)subjects had severe COVID-19 and 342(29.2%)reported nasal symptoms.20.6%COVID-19 patients had loss of taste(median score=6),while 11.4%had loss of smell(median score=5).Loss of taste scores,but not loss of smell scores,were significantly increased in severe *** COVID-19 ***(IL)-6 and lactose dehydrogenase(LDH)serum levels were positively correlated with loss of taste *** 80%of COVID-19 patients recovered from smell and taste dysfunction in 2 *** this cohort,only 1 out of 10 hospital admitted patients had loss of smell while 1 out of 5 reported loss of taste which was associated to severity of *** patients recovered smell and taste dysfunctions in 2 weeks.

关键词： taste smell coronavirus disease 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

Differences in olfactory functional connectivity in early-onset depression and late-onset depression

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Psychoradiology 2023年第1期3卷 285-294页

作者： Ben Chen Mingfeng Yang Meiling Liu Qiang Wang Huarong Zhou Min Zhang Le Hou Zhangying Wu Si Zhang Gaohong Lin Xiaomei Zhong Yuping Ning Geriatric Neuroscience Center The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong Province 510370China smell&Taste clinic Department of OtorhinolaryngologyTU Dresden 01307Germany The first School of clinical Medicine Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong Province 510515China Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders Guangzhou 510370China Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510370China

Background:Late-onset depression(LOD)and early-onset depression(EOD)exhibit different pathological mechanisms and clinical phenotypes,including different extents of olfactory ***,the brain abnormalities underlying the differences in ol-factory dysfunction between EOD and LOD remain ***:The aim of this study was to compare the functional connectivity(FC)patterns of olfactory regions between EOD patients and LOD patients and examine their relationship with cognitive ***:One hundred and five patients with EOD,101 patients with LOD and 160 normal controls(NCs)were recruited for the present *** underwent clinical assessment,olfactory testing,cognitive assessments,and magnetic resonance *** regions of the primary and secondary olfactory regions were selected to investigate olfactory ***:Patients with LOD exhibited decreased odor identification(OI)compared with patients with EOD and *** LOD group exhibited decreased FC compared with the EOD and NC groups when primary and secondary olfactory regions were selected as the regions of interest(the piriform cortex,lateral entorhinal cortex,and orbital-frontal cortex).Additionally,these abnormal olfactory FCs were associated with decreased cognitive function scores and OI,and the FC between the left orbital-frontal cortex and left amygdala was a partial mediator of the relationship between global cognitive scores and ***:Overall,patients with LOD exhibited decreased FC in both the primary and secondary olfactory cortices compared with patients with EOD,and abnormal olfactory FC was associated with OI dysfunction and cognitive *** FC between the orbital-frontal cortex and amygdala mediated the relationship between global cognitive function and OI.

关键词： late-life depression olfactory dysfunction MRI functional connectivity late-onset depression resting-state

Olfactory dysfunction and its measurement in the clinic

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2015年第1期1卷 -页

作者： Richard L.Doty smell & Taste Center Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA

The sense of smell is largely taken for granted by laypersons and medical professionals alike. Indeed, its role in determining the flavor of foods and beverages, as well as in warning of, or protecting against, environmental hazards, often goes unrecognized. This is exemplified, in part, by the fact that most patients presenting to medical clinics with "taste" problems are typically subjected to complex brain imaging and gastroenterological tests without the sense of smell even being tested or considered as a basis of the problem. Aside from frank deficiencies in sweet, sour, bitter, salty and savory (umami) sensations, "taste" disorders most commonly reflect inadequate stimulation of the olfactory receptors via the retronasal route; i.e., from volatiles passing to the receptors from the oral cavity through the nasal pharynx. This article describes the two most common procedures for measuring the sense of smell in the clinic and provides examples of the application of these tests to diseases and other disorders frequently associated with smell loss. Basic issues related to olfactory testing and evaluation are addressed. It is pointed out that smell loss, particularly in later life, can be a harbinger for not only a range of neurodegenerative diseases, but can be a prognostic indicator of early mortality.

关键词： Allergy Iatrogenesis Nasal disease Olfaction Polyposis Psychophysics Rhinosinusitis smell

Chronic rhinosinusitis and endoscopic sinus surgery

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2018年第1期4卷 29-32页

作者： Opeyemi O. Daramola Rakesh K. Chandra rhinology Sinus and Skull Base SurgeryDivision of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryCrystal Run Healthcare2 Centerock RdWest NyackNY 10994USA rhinology Sinus & Skull Base SurgeryVanderbilt University121521st Ave S#7209 MCE S TowerNashvilleTN 37232-8605USA

Olfactory dysfunction is a major symptom reported by patients with chronic rhino-sinusitis (CRS). Surgical treatment of this disease requires close surveillance of such dysfunc-tion because of wide ranging implications for safety, quality of life, and impact on the flavor of foods and beverages. This review highlights key findings regarding the influences of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) on olfactory function across the unique presentations of CRS. Such findings provide information useful for informing patients of potential complications and for obtaining informed consent prior to surgical intervention. ESS has been shown to improve olfaction across all types of CRS as assessed through quantitative testing and subjective reports. The presence of nasal polyposis (NP) and eosinophilia have been identified as predictors of signif-icant postoperative olfactory improvement. When indicated, judicious partial resection of the middle turbinate may result in improved olfactory function without a risk of long term compli-cation. Careful attention to the olfactory cleft and frontal sinus recess are important in limiting olfactory complications by avoiding indiscriminate disruption of olfactory epithelium. Given the chronic nature of the disease, surveillance of olfactory function in patients with CRS is a lifelong activity that will evolve as emerging technologies become available.

关键词： Hyposmia smell Rhinosinusitis Nasal polyposis Olfaction Sinus surgery

欧洲鼻科专家就鼻-鼻窦炎和鼻息肉问题达成一致

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欧洲鼻科专家就鼻-鼻窦炎和鼻息肉问题达成一致

Diagnosing gastrointestinal illnesses using fecal headspacevolatile organic compounds

第三届北京国际鼻-颅底外科技术及鼻变态反应研讨会

作者： Joaquim Mullol MD PhD Rhinology Unit ENT DepartmentHospital Clinic de Barcelona Clinical and Experimental Respiratory ImmunoalergyIDIBAPS 巴塞罗那加泰罗尼亚西班牙欧洲著名的鼻科学专家欧洲过敏哮喘及临床免疫学会（EAACI）美国过敏哮喘及免疫学会会员（AAAAI）

＜正＞鼻-鼻窦炎是危害健康的一类严重问题,一般人群中约10％的个体受其困扰。由之而来的是可观的直接医疗成本、一般生活质量受到严重影响、下呼吸道疾病的发病增高。近年来,鼻科学者对鼻腔和鼻窦炎症的定义和分类已付出了许多努力。...

＜正＞鼻-鼻窦炎是危害健康的一类严重问题,一般人群中约10％的个体受其困扰。由之而来的是可观的直接医疗成本、一般生活质量受到严重影响、下呼吸道疾病的发病增高。近年来,鼻科学者对鼻腔和鼻窦炎症的定义和分类已付出了许多努力。由于鼻炎和鼻窦炎在解剖关系和病理生理方

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第4期22卷 1639-1649页

作者： Daniel K Chan Cadman L Leggett Kenneth K Wang Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) emitted from stool are the components of the smell of stool representing the end products of microbial activity and metabolism that can be used to diagnose disease. Despite the abundance of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane that have already been identified in human flatus, the small portion of trace gases making up the VOCs emitted from stool include organic acids, alcohols, esters, heterocyclic compounds, aldehydes, ketones, and alkanes, among others. These are the gases that vary among individuals in sickness and in health, in dietary changes, and in gut microbial activity. Electronic nose devices are analytical and pattern recognition platforms that can utilize mass spectrometry or electrochemical sensors to detect these VOCs in gas samples. When paired with machine-learning and pattern recognition algorithms, this can identify patterns of VOCs, and thus patterns of smell, that can be used to identify disease states. In this review, we provide a clinical background of VOC identification, electronic nose development, and review gastroenterology applications toward diagnosing disease by the volatile headspace analysis of stool.

关键词： Electronic nose Volatile organic compounds Feces Mass spectrometry Odors

Acupuncture for olfactory dysfunction in infected COVID-19 patients:Study protocol for a randomized,sham-controlled clinical trial

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2023年第1期10卷 118-124页

作者： Linda Lidan Zhong Yiping Wong Choryin Leung Chifung Choy Hungwai Cho Alan Yatlun Wong Kaming Yau Rowena Howwan Wong Bacon Fungleung Ng Zhaoxiang Bian School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China Tseung Kwan O Hospital Hong Kong Hospital AuthorityHong Kong 999077China Department of Ear Nose and Throat(ENT)Tseung Kwan O HospitalHong Kong 999077China Haven of Hope Chinese University of Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinic Cum Training and Research Centre(Sai Kung District)Hong Kong 999077China Chinese Medicine Department Hong Kong Hospital AuthorityHong Kong 999077China

Background:Olfactory dysfunction(OD)is a common symptom of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19).It is defined as the reduced or distorted ability to smell during sniffing(orthonasal olfaction)and represents one of the early symptoms in the clinical course of COVID-19 infection.A large online questionnaire-based survey has shown that some post-COVID-19 patients had no improvement 1 month after discharge from the ***:To explore the efficacy of acupuncture for OD in COVID-19 infected patients and to determine whether acupuncture could have benefits over sham acupuncture for OD in post-COVID-19 ***:This is a single-blind,randomized controlled,cross-over *** plan to recruit 40 post-COVID-19 patients with smell loss or smell distortions lasting for more than 1 *** patients will be randomly allocated to the intervention group(real acupuncture)or the control group(sham acupuncture)at a 1:1 *** patient will receive 8 sessions of treatment over 4 weeks(Cycle 1)and a 2-week *** the follow-up,the control group will be subjected to real acupuncture for another 4 weeks(Cycle 2),and the real acupuncture group will undergo the 4-week sham *** primary outcomes will be the score changes on the questionnaire of olfactory functioning and olfaction-related quality of life at week 6,8,12,and 14 from the *** secondary outcomes will be the changes in the olfactory test score at week 6 and 12 from the baseline measured by using the Traditional Chinese version of the University of Pennsylvania smell Identification Test(UPSIT-TC).Discussion:The results of this trial will help to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture for OD in post-COVID-19 *** may provide a new treatment option for patients.

关键词： Olfactory dysfunction smell loss smell distortions COVID-19 Acupuncture Chinese medicine UPSIT

Allergic and nonallergic rhinitis in children: The role of nasal cytology

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2013年第2期3卷 133-138页

作者： Maria Cristina Provero Alberto Macchi Sara Antognazza Maddalena Marinoni Luigi Nespoli Department of clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Insubria c/o Ospedale Filippo del Ponte Varese Italy Otorhinolaringology clinic University of Insubria Varese AICNA c/o Ospedale di Circolo Varese Italy

Nasal cytology is a diagnostic tool currently used in rhinology to study either allergic and vasomotor rhinological disorders or infectious and inflammatory rhinitis. Over the past few years nasal cytology has been rarely used in pediatrics, nevertheless its clinical and scientific applications seem to be very promising. The advantages of this technique are different: the ease of performance, the noninvasiveness allowing repetition and the low cost. We evaluated 100 children, from 2 to 15 years old, referred to our outpatient service for allergic children for suspected allergic rhinitis (AR). After skin prick test (SPT) or Radio Allergo Sorbent Test (RAST), 59/100 subjects were classified as affected by AR, while 8 children refused to be tested. According to ARIA guidelines, the 59 children with AR (4 - 15 years old) were divided in 56 with persistent AR and 3 with an intermittent form. Nine out of 59 children with AR had a significant number of neutrophils and eosinophils at the nasal cytology, documenting the presence of “minimal persistent inflammation”. Eleven out of 59 AR patients showed a positive swab for bacteria. Children with nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) were 33/100 (2 - 15 years old). After nasal cytology, 17/33 children were classified as NARES (nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophils), including one X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) child, 1/33 as NARESMA (nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophils and mast cell) and another 1/33 as NARMA (nonallergic rhinitis with mast cell). In conclusion, nasal cytology allowed us to correctly classify children with NAR and to better assess the condition of children with AR.

关键词： Allergic Rhinitis Children Nasal Cytology Nonallergic Rhinitis X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia

系统评价类综述与普通综述:标准及复杂性探究

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中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志 2021年第7期56卷 687-690页

作者： Robert T.Sataloff Matthew L.Bush Rakesh Chandra Douglas Chepeha Brian Rotenberg Edward W.Fisher David Goldenberg Ehab Y.Hanna Joseph E.Kerschner Dennis H.Kraus John H.Krouse Daqing Li Michael Link Lawrence R.Lustig Samuel H.Selesnick Raj Sindwani Richard J.Smith James R.Tysome Peter C.Weber D.Bradley Welling 张心浩(译) 刘争(译) Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Drexel University College of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology University of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA Department of Otolaryngology Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA Faculty of Medicine Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Western UniversityTorontoOntarioCanada Department of Otolaryngology Cambridge University PressCambridgeUK Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Head and Neck Surgery The University of Texas M D.Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA Department:of Otolaryngology Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Northwell HealthNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of MedicineBrownsvilleTexasUSA Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Hospital of the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Department:of Radiation Oncology Mayo CinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Department of Otolaryngology Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA Cleveland clinic Head and Neck InstituteClevelandOhioUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery The University of Iowa Hospitals and ClinicsIowa CityIowaUSA Department of Otolaryngology Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustCambridgeUK Mount Sinai Health System New YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Harvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA 华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

本文是由Robert ***,Ehab ***,李大庆教授等20余位耳鼻咽喉头颈外科领域知名期刊主编共同撰写的一篇针对系统评价等不同类型综述文章标准及复杂性分析的述评类文章。该文章将于2021年7月在包括《世界耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志(英文)》,Journ... 详细信息

本文是由Robert ***,Ehab ***,李大庆教授等20余位耳鼻咽喉头颈外科领域知名期刊主编共同撰写的一篇针对系统评价等不同类型综述文章标准及复杂性分析的述评类文章。该文章将于2021年7月在包括《世界耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志(英文)》,Journal of Voice,Head&Neck,American Journal of rhinology&Allergy,The Laryngoscope等20余本国际知名耳鼻咽喉头颈外科期刊同时以英文版本刊出,为了便于中国读者对该内容进行深入了解,在获得相应授权后,本刊特别邀请刘争教授团队对该文章进行翻译,同期在本刊以中文版本刊登。希望本文对广大读者在撰写综述类文章时有所裨益。

关键词：耳鼻咽喉头颈外科中文版本复杂性分析期刊主编英文版本李大庆综述类文章评价类