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Leaching kinetics and permeability of polyethyleneimine added ammonium sulfate on weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1610-1619,I0008页

作者： Huifang Yang Aoyang Sha Zhengyan He Chenjie Wu Yuanlai Xu Jingjing Hu Zhigao Xu Ru'an Chi Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education School of Resources&Safety EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430073China Key Laboratory of resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission College of Resources and Environmental ScienceSouth-Central MinzuUniversityWuhan430074China

At present,in-situ leaching of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores(WCE-DREOs) encounter with problems such as long leaching cycles,slow infiltration rate and low product *** order to solve the above problems,the conventional leaching agent ammonium sulfate((NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)) was compounded with polymeric surfactant polyethyleneimine(PEI) to form a composite leaching *** effects of leaching temperature,PEI *** rate and pH on leaching kinetics and permeability of rare earths(RE) and aluminum(AI) in orebody were *** is found that with temperature increasing,the time required to reach leaching equilibrium for both RE and Al is shortened,the apparent activation energies of RE and AI are 14.79 and 13.45 kJ/mol,respectively,and the leaching processes are in accordance with the outer diffusion control,When the concentrations of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) and PEI in the composite leaching agent are 2.0 wt% and 0.4 wt%;the time required to reach leaching equilibrium for RE and AI is about 50% shorter than that using(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) alone,and the leaching efficiencies of RE are slightly higher than that of *** increasing the temperature and flow rate of the composite leaching agent can improve the leaching efficiencies of RE and Al,but pH has neglected effects on the leaching efficiencies of *** PEI concentrations below 0,4 wt%, the addition of PEI promotes the leaching of RE and *** column leaching studies of the WCE-DREO,the addition of 0.4 wt% PEI to the traditional leaching agent(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) has no impact on the leaching efficiencies of ***,it can significantly increase the infiltration rate of WCE-DREO,shortening the leaching time per 10 mL effluent from about 30 min for(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) leaching system to 20 min for the composite leaching *** leaching time is shortened by one-third,and the leaching cost is reduced,which can provide theoretical guidance for the development and commercial implementa

关键词： Polyethyleneimine Kinetics Rare earths Permeability Activation energy

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Integrative regulatory mechanisms of stomatal movements under changing climate

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 368-393页

作者： Jingbo Zhang Xuexue Chen Yajing Song Zhizhong Gong State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNational Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Plant environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China Institute of Life Science and Green Development School of Life SciencesHebei UniversityBaoding 071001China

Global climate change-caused drought stress,high temperatures and other extreme weather profoundly impact plant growth and development,restricting sustainable crop *** cope with various environmental stimuli,plants can optimize the opening and closing of stomata to balance CO_(2)uptake for photosynthesis and water loss from *** cells perceive and integrate various signals to adjust stomatal pores through turgor pressure *** mechanisms and signaling networks underlying the stomatal movements in response to environmental stresses have been extensively studied and *** review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of stomatal movements mediated by abscisic acid,light,CO_(2),reactive oxygen species,pathogens,temperature,and other *** discussed the significance of elucidating the integrative mechanisms that regulate stomatal movements in helping design smart crops with enhanced water use efficiency and resilience in a climate-changing world.

关键词： environmental stress guard cell plant regulatory mechanisms stomatal movements

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SCAB1 coordinates sequential Ca^(2+) and ABA signals during osmotic stress induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis

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Science China(Life sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 1-18页

作者： Tianren Zhang Li Bai Yan Guo State Key Laboratory of Plant environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Hyperosmotic stress caused by drought is a detrimental threat to plant growth and agricultural productivity due to limited water *** are gateways of transpiration and gas exchange,the swift adjustment of stomatal aperture has a strong influence on plant drought *** intensive investigations of stomatal closure during drought stress in past decades,little is known about how sequential signals are integrated during complete ***,we discovered that the rapid Ca^(2+) signaling and subsequent abscisic acid(ABA)signaling contribute to the kinetics of both F-actin reorganizations and stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana,while STOMATAL CLOSURE-RELATED ACTIN BINDING PROTEIN1(SCAB1)is the molecular switch for this entire *** the early stage of osmotic shock responses,swift elevated calcium signaling promotes SCAB1 phosphorylation through calcium sensors CALCIUM DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE3(CPK3)and *** phosphorylation restrained the microfilament binding affinity of SCAB1,which bring about the Factin disassembly and stomatal closure *** the osmotic stress signal continued,both the kinase activity of CPK3 and the phosphorylation level of SCAB1 attenuated *** further found that ABA signaling is indispensable for these attenuations,which presumably contributed to the actin filament reassembly process as well as completion of stomatal ***,the dynamic changes of SCAB1 phosphorylation status are crucial for the kinetics of stomatal *** together,our results support a model in which SCAB1 works as a molecular switch,and directs the microfilament rearrangement through integrating the sequentially generated Ca^(2+) and ABA signals during osmotic stress induced stomatal closure.

关键词： calcium signal ABA stomatal movement microfilaments kinase

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environmental Impact of Kakhovka Dam Breach and Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Explosion on Dnieper River Landscape

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第6期14卷 353-387页

作者： Kenneth Ray Olson Department of Natural resources and environmental sciences College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana USA

The Dnieper River headwaters are in Russia’s Valdai Hills and the river flows south to the Black Sea. The Dnieper River provides a waterway in which to transport goods to and from various European nations. In addition, the dams on the river provide hydro power. There are approximately 2260 km of Dnieper waterways in Russia, in Belarus, and within Ukraine. The Dnieper River has numerous urban centers including Smolensk in Russia, Mogilev in Belarus and Kiev and Zaporizhzhya in Ukraine. The worst nuclear accident in history unfolded, in the Dnieper River watershed, in northern Ukraine as a reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant exploded and burned. After an accident, such as Chernobyl, radionuclide contaminated bodies of water via direct deposition from the air, discharge as effluent or indirectly from catchment basin washout. When radionuclides contaminate large bodies of water, they are quickly dispersing and accumulate in water bottom sediments, benthos, aquatic plants, and bottom feeding fish. The main pathways to humans are through contamination of drinking-water, from use of water for irrigation of food crops, and consumption of contaminated fish. Kakhovka Dam on the Dnieper River was destroyed during the Russian-Ukraine conflict and the dam needs to rebuild as soon as possible. Perhaps lessons learned by the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), after using TNT to blow up the Birds Point front line levee on the Mississippi River in May of 2011, can be applied to the man-induced 2023 Kakhovka Dam breach. The Birds Point man-induced levee breaches and subsequent flooding of farmland resulted in the loss of the 2011 crops and damaged the future soil productivity. The strong current and sweep of the water through the three man-induced levee breaches on the New Madrid floodway levee created deep gullies, displaced tons of soil, and damaged irrigation equipment, farms, and homes. The New Madrid floodway agricultural lands were restored, and the environmental dama

关键词： Dnieper River Ukraine New Madrid Levee TNT Chernobyl Kakhovka Dam 137Cs Black Sea Kiev

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China's agriculture green development: from concept to actions

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 20-34页

作者： Haixing ZHANG Yuan FENG Yanxiang JIA Pengqi LIU Yong HOU Jianbo SHEN Qichao ZHU Fusuo ZHANG National Academy of Agriculture Green Development China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China college of resources and environmental sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China environmental Economics and Natural resources Group Wageningen University and ResearchP.O.Box 81306700 EW Wageningenthe Netherlands

China has initiated a green transformation plan in 2015, which was soon applied to agriculture, known as the agriculture green development(AGD)initiative, with the goals of achieving food security, high resource use efficiency, and an ecofriendly environment. To assess the agricultural transformation from 1997 to 2020, this paper proposes a national-scale indicator system consisting three dimensions(socioeconomic, food production and eco-environmental) and ten sub-dimensions to quantify the AGD *** study showed that AGD score in China was at a moderate level during 1997–2010, scoring 40 out of 100. During this stage, decreased scores in the sub-dimensions of resource consumption, environmental quality, and environmental cost have offset the improvement in the socioeconomic dimension, resulting in fluctuated scores around 40. In the second stage(2011–2020), China's AGD score improved but still at moderate level, scoring an average of 46.3, with each dimension increasing by 5.3%–25.0%. These results indicate that China has made progress in the agricultural transformation, transitioning from conceptualization to actions through the implementation of various policies and projects. However, the study emphasizes the need for more effort to address the insufficient and unbalanced development, along with the growing eco-environmental challenges, especially the trade-offs among dimensions.

关键词： Agricultural transformation agriculture green development historical trend indicator system theoretical conception

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Designing salt stress-resilient crops:Current progress and future challenges

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 303-329页

作者： Xiaoyan Liang Jianfang Li Yongqing Yang Caifu Jiang Yan Guo State Key Laboratory of Plant environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100194China Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Excess soil salinity affects large regions of land and is a major hindrance to crop production ***,understanding the molecular mechanisms of plant salt tolerance has scientific importance and practical *** recent decades,studies have characterized hundreds of genes associated with plant responses to salt stress in different plant *** studies have substantially advanced our molecular and genetic understanding of salt tolerance in plants and have introduced an era of molecular design breeding of salt-tolerant *** review summarizes our current knowledge of plant salt tolerance,emphasizing advances in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of osmotic stress tolerance,salt-ion transport and compartmentalization,oxidative stress tolerance,alkaline stress tolerance,and the trade-off between growth and salt *** also examine recent advances in understanding natural variation in the salt tolerance of crops and discuss possible strategies and challenges for designing salt stress-resilient *** focus on the model plant Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana)and the four most-studied crops:rice(Oryza sativa),wheat(Triticum aestivum),maize(Zea mays),and soybean(Glycine max).

关键词： molecular design breeding salt stress-resilient crop salt tolerance

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Spatiotemporal evolution and assembly processes of ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotic communities in 1 000-year-old coastal reclaimed soils

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 709-725页

作者： Sarfraz HUSSAIN Yifan YIN Senlin LIU Shanshan YAN Dongjie CHEN Hui CAO Feng WANG Key Laboratory of Agricultural environmental Microbiology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Institute of Eco-environmental sciences Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Coastal marshes are transitional areas between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. They are sensitive to climate change and anthropogenic activities. In recent decades, the reclamation of coastal marshes has greatly increased, and its effects on microbial communities in coastal marshes have been studied with great interest. Most of these studies have explained the short-term spatiotemporal variation in soil microbial community dynamics. However, the impact of reclamation on the community composition and assembly processes of functional microbes(e.g., ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotes) is often ignored. In this study, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the Ion S5? XL sequencing platform, we investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics, assembly processes, and diversity patterns of ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotes in 1 000-year-old reclaimed coastal salt marshes. The taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity and composition of ammonia oxidizers showed apparent spatiotemporal variations with soil reclamation. Phylogenetic null modelling-based analysis showed that across all sites, the archaeal ammonia-oxidizing community was assembled by a deterministic process(84.71%), and deterministic processes were also dominant(55.2%) for ammonia-oxidizing bacterial communities except for communities at 60 years of reclamation. The assembly process and nitrification activity in reclaimed soils were positively correlated. The abundance of the amoA gene and changes in ammonia-oxidizing archaeal and bacterial diversities significantly affected the nitrification activity in reclaimed soils. These findings suggest that long-term coastal salt marsh reclamation affects nitrification by modulating the activities of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms and regulating their community structures and assembly processes. These results provide a better understanding of the effects of long-term land reclamation on soil nitrogen-cycling microbial communities.

关键词： ammonia oxidiser βNTI community assembly coastal salt marshes deterministic nitrification rate stochastic

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Alterations of soil aggregates and intra-aggregate organic carbon fractions after soil conversion from paddy soils to upland soils:Distribution,mineralization and driving mechanism

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 121-135页

作者： Longfei KANG Jiamei WU Chunfeng ZHANG Baoguo ZHU Guixin CHU college of Life Science Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing 312000China The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture Xinjiang Production and Construction Group/Department of Resources and Environmental SciencesAgronomy CollegeShihezi UniversityShihezi 832000China Hunan Institute of Agricultural Environment and Ecology Changsha 410000China Jiamusi Branch Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesJiamusi 154007China

Investigating the impacts of soil conversion on soil organic carbon(OC) content and its fractions within soil aggregates is essential for defining better strategies to improve soil structure and OC sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the consequences of soil conversion from paddy soil to upland soil for soil aggregates and intra-aggregate OC pools are poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify the effects of soil conversion on soil aggregate and intra-aggregate OC pool distributions. Four typical rice-producing areas were chosen in North and South China, paired soil samples(upland soil converted from paddy soil more than ten years ago vs. adjacent paddy soil) were collected(0–20 cm) with three replicates in each area. A set of core parameters(OC preservation capacity, aggregate carbon(C) turnover, and biological activity index) were evaluated to assess the responses of intra-aggregate OC turnover to soil conversion. Results showed that soil conversion from paddy soil to upland soil significantly improved the formation of macro-aggregates and increased aggregate stability. It also notably decreased soil intra-aggregate OC pools, including easily oxidized OCa(EOCa), particulate OCa(POCa), and mineral-bound(MOCa) OC, and the sensitivity of aggregate-associated OC pools to soil conversion followed the order: EOCa(average reduction of 21.1%) > MOCa(average reduction of 15.4%) > POCa(average reduction of 14.8%). The potentially mineralizable C(C_(0)) was significantly higher in upland soil than in paddy soil, but the corresponding decay constant(k) was lower in upland soil than in paddy soil. Random forest model and partial correlation analysis showed that EOCa and pH were the important nutrient and physicochemical factors impacting k of C mineralization in paddy soil,while MOCa and C-related enzyme(β-D-cellobiohydrolase) were identified as the key factors in upland soil. In conclusion, this study evidenced that soil conversion

关键词： decay constant easily oxidized organic C macro-aggregate meso-aggregate micro-aggregate mineral-bound organic C particulate organic C potentially mineralizable C

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A review of integrated surface-subsurface numerical hydrological models

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1459-1479页

作者： Lele SHU Hao CHEN Xianhong MENG Yan CHANG Litang HU Wenke WANG Longcang SHU Xuan YU Christopher DUFFY Yingying YAO Donghai ZHENG Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China college of Water sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100038China School of Water and Environment Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China college of Hydrology and Water resources Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Department of Civil and environmental Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePA 16801USA Department of Earth and environmental Science School of Human Settlements and Civil EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Hydrological modeling,leveraging mathematical formulations to represent the hydrological cycle,is a pivotal tool in representing the spatiotemporal dynamics and distribution patterns inherent in *** models serve a dual purpose:they validate theoretical robustness and applicability via observational data and project future trends,thereby bridging the understanding and prediction of natural *** rapid advancements in computational methodologies and the continuous evolution of observational and experimental techniques,the development of numerical hydrological models based on physicallybased surface-subsurface process coupling have *** in micro-scale conservation principles and physical equations,these models employ numerical techniques to integrate surface and subsurface hydrodynamics,thus replicating the macro-scale hydrological responses of *** hydrological models have emerged as a leading and predominant trend in hydrological modeling due to their explicit representation of physical processes,heightened by their spatiotemporal resolution and reliance on interdisciplinary *** article focuses on the theoretical foundation of surface-subsurface numerical hydrological *** includes a comparative and analytical discussion of leading numerical hydrological models,encompassing model architecture,numerical solution strategies,spatial representation,and coupling ***,this paper contrasts these models with traditional hydrological models,thereby delineating the relative merits,drawbacks,and future directions of numerical hydrological modeling.

关键词： Numerical Hydrological Models Surface-Subsurface Process Coupling Numerical Methods Hydrological Modeling

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Efficient reduction and adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ)using FeCl_(3)-modified biochar:Synergistic roles of persistent free radicals and Fe(Ⅱ)

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Journal of environmental sciences 2024年第3期137卷 626-638页

作者： Shujie Hu Chengshuai Liu Hongling Bu Manjia Chen Ying-heng Fei National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and ManagementInstitute of Eco-environmental and Soil SciencesGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China State Key Laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of ScienceGuiyang 550081China School of Environment Science and Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China college of resources and Environment Chongqing SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China School of environmental Science and Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

Transition metal iron and persistent free radicals(PFRs)both affect the redox properties of biochar,but the electron transfer relationship between them and the coupling reduction mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ)requires further *** untangle the interplay between iron and PFRs in biochar and the infuences on redox properties,FeCl_(3)-modified rice husk biochar(FBCs)was prepared and its reduction mechanism for Cr(Ⅵ)without light was *** FBCs had higher surface positive charges,oxygen-containing functional groups,and PFRs compared with pristine rice husk biochar(BC).Phenoxyl PFRs with high electrondonating capability formed in *** pronounced electron paramagnetic resonance signals showed that the PFRs preferred to form at lower Fe(Ⅲ)*** a high concentration of Fe(Ⅲ)would be reduced to Fe(Ⅱ)and consumed the formed *** kinetics and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicated that the FBCs effectively enhanced the Cr(Ⅵ)removal efficiency by 1.54-8.20 fold and the Cr(Ⅵ)reduction efficiency by 1.88-9.29 fold compared to those of *** quenching and competitive reductant addition experiments revealed that the higher Cr(Ⅵ)reduction performance of FBCs was mainly attributed to the formed PFRs,which could contribute to~74.0%of Cr(Ⅵ)reduction by direct or indirect electron *** PFRs on FBCs surfaces could promote the Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)cycle through single electron transfer and synergistically accelerate~52.3%of Cr(Ⅵ)*** study provides an improved understanding of the reduction mechanism of iron-modified biochar PFRs on Cr(Ⅵ)in environments.

关键词： Biochar Iron-modification Cr(Ⅵ) Electron transfer Reduction mechanism

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