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Mineralogy of smectites in the surface sediments from the East Pacific and its significance

Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第B6期48卷 110-116页

作者： ZHANGHaiping SHIXuefa CHENJin XUEYongfang HEJinfa ZHUDesheng XINChunying WEIJianwei InstituteofOceanography ChineseAcademyofSciencesQingdao266071China KeyLaboratoryofMarineSedimentologyandEnvironmentalGeology FirstInstituteofOceanographyStateOceanicAdministrationQingdao266061China PhysicsDepartmentofPekingUniversity Beijing100081China researchinstituteofpetroleumchemistry Beijing100081China LaboratoryCenterofResearchInstituteofPetroleumExploration&Development Beijing100081China GraduateSchool ChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100039China

XRD, TEM, SEM and EDS are employed to analyze smectites in the clay fraction of the surface sediments from the East Pacific. It is shown from the XRD results that the clay fraction consists of about 20% *** types of smectites are identified, Fe-rich (Type Ⅰ), Fe,Mg-rich (Type Ⅱ) and Na,Ca smectite (Type Ⅲ), and most of them are not well-crystallized. Type Ⅰ is widely distributed in sediments, showing honeycomblike in the SEM, and aggregated or dispersive hairlike, or cloudy assemblage with a bit curl near its edge in the TEM. This type is considered to be typomorphic type of authigenic smectite in the East Pacific. Type Ⅱ is similar to Type Ⅰ in micromorphology in the TEM, showing a transition micronite, while Type Ⅲ is tabletlike in the TEM with an unclear edge. Type Ⅰ may be altered from voleanics and some of them even precipitated from the low subthermal water. Type Ⅱ could also be formed in the ocean floor, while Type Ⅲ comes from dry and distant continental area. This study suggests that the characteristic of chemical composition and morphology of smectite may give a clue to understand sediment source, origin of minerals and sedimentation in the deep sea.

关键词：自生蒙脱石海底沉积物太平洋粘土铁钠海底矿物学化学成分沉积物来源

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