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Open Journal of Ecology 2019年第6期9卷 171-182页

作者： Ida Bagus Brata Ida Bagus Seloka Ida Bagus Nyoman Wartha A lecturer of History Education Faculty of Teaching and Education University of Mahasaraswati Denpasar Indonesia

This paper aims to examine the phenomenon of commodification of traditional open space into commodities which results in the destruction of environmental ethics. environmental ethics places restrictions on freedom in exercising ownership rights and pays more attention to ethical obligations to the environment. The anthropocentric approach should be avoided because it only sees the environment from its commercial angles to satisfy human interests. This research critically describes the reality of the utilization of traditional open spaces in Ubud to become an economic space. The rapid influence of global culture has implications for the practices of capitalist culture within the frame of the tourism industry, resulting in cultural industries, popular culture, hedonic lifestyles and consumerism. This study used a qualitative method. The data was obtained through observation, interviews, literature studies, and documents. The results of the study revealed how traditional open spaces were produced, distributed and consumed by the market. Traditional open spaces were commercialized, traded like goods and services. Traditional open spaces, such as paddy fields, cliffs, telajakan (front part of the house complex), city parks, domestic properties, backyards, cemeteries have been turned into economic spaces to satisfy the taste of tourists. Space is controlled and commodified by capital owners to feed their economic libido while disobeying environmental ethics.

关键词： Commodification Traditional Open Space environmental Ethics

Study of the Optimal Precursors for Blocking Events

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2005年第3期22卷 408-414页

作者：姜治娜罗德海 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid DynamicsInstitute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijng 100029 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 Laboratory of Physical Oceanography College of Physical and Environmental Oceanography Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 Laboratory of Physical Oceanography College of Physical and environmental Oceanography Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003

The precursors of dipole blocking are obtained by a numerical approach based upon a quasi-geostrophic barotropic planetary- to synoptic-scale interaction model without topography and with a localized synoptic-scale wave-maker. The optimization problem related to the precursors of blocking is formulated and the nonlinear optimization method is used to examine the optimal synoptic-scale initial field successfully. The results show that the prominent characteristics of the optimal synoptic-scale initial field are that the synoptic-scale wave train structures exist upstream of the incipient blocking. In addition, the large-scale low/high eddy-forcing pattern upstream of the incipient blocking is an essential precondition for the onset of dipole blocking.

关键词： nonlinear optimization method dipole blocking pre-condition eddy-forcing

Variation of karst spring discharge in the recent five decades as an indicator of global climate change: A case study at Shanxi, northern China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 2001-2010页

作者： GUO Qinghai1, WANG Yanxin1, MA Teng1 & LI Luxiu2 1. School of environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China 2. Office of Water Resource Management of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030001, China 1. School of environmental Studies China University of Geosciences 430074 Wuhan China 2. Office of Water Resource Management of Shanxi Province 030001 Taiyuan China

Karst in Shanxi Province is representative of that in northern China, and karst water systems discharge in the form of springs that are among the most important sources for local water supply. Since the 1950s, attenuation has been the major trend of discharge variation of most karst springs at Shanxi. Based on the case study of 7 karst springs including Niangziguan, Xin’an, Guozhuang, Shentou, Jinci, Lancun, and Hongshan springs, the discharge variation process of karst springs was divided into natural fluctuation phase and anthropogenic impact phase. Discharge attenuation of the 7 karst springs was controlled mainly by climate and human activities, with their contributions being respectively about 60% and 40%. According to the dif-ference of the effect of climate and human activities for each spring, attenuation modes of spring discharge fall into three types: natural process dominated attenuation type, exploitation induced process dominated attenuation type, and mixed attenuation type. The total restored discharge variation of 7 karst springs matched well with the global air temperature change in 1956―2000, clearly indicating the trend of global warming and aridity in the last several decades, and the analysis of discharge variation processes of karst springs can be used as a new tool for global change studies.

关键词： karst, Shanxi, spring discharge, attenuation, climate, human activity, global change

High Efficiency Hypocrellin Production by a Novel Mutant Isolated from Shiraia bambusicola

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Asian Agricultural research 2019年第2期11卷 94-99页

作者： Wen DU Baogui WANG Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology research Center for Wild Plant Resources Development and Application of Yellow River Delta Binzhou University Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta Binzhou University School of Biological and environmental Engineering Binzhou University

The fungus Shiraia bambusicola GZ19 M1 is biotechnologically important due to its ability to biosynthesis the pigment *** showed that ethyl methane sulfonate( EMS) was effective mutagenic agent for strain and potentially produced large numbers of random mutations broadly and uniformly over the whole genome to generate unique strains. Wild-type cultures of S. bambusicola GZ19 were subjected to EMS( 80 mM) induction targeted at approximately 20% spores' survival. When surviving spores were selected in sufficient numbers and cultured on PDA medium for 7 d at 26℃,five novel mutagenized S. bambusicola strains were obtained. A mutant GZ19 M1 that exhibited an activity of more than two times over the wild strain was obtained. Also,batch experiments were carried out to achieve the suitable conditions for hypocrellin. Glucose and rice extract were the most favorable carbon and nitrogen sources for hypocrellin production by submerged culture of S. bambusicola GZ19 M1,and initial glucose and rice extract concentrations were at 35 and 250 g/L,respectively. The optimal surfactant were found to be 0. 008 V/V Tween 80,it was added into cultivation medium at 24 h. Hypocrellin concentration reached 498. 89 mg/L under optimal nutritional conditions,an increment of about 8. 70 times of hypocrellins production was observed compared with that of in non-optimized medium by the wild strain.

关键词： Hypocrellin Shiraia bambusicola Mutagenesis Tween 80 Rice extract

SolidEarth： a new Digital Earth system for the modeling and visualization of the whole Earth space

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2014年第4期8卷 524-539页

作者： Liangfeng ZHU Jianzhong SUN Changling LI Bing ZHANG Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science for Ministry of Education East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China Center for Earth System Science Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China School of environmental Science and Spatial Informatics China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221008 China College of Geomatics Engineering Nanjing University of Technology Nanjing 211816 China.

Although many of the first-generation Digital Earth systems have proven to be quite useful for the modeling and visualization of geospatial objects relevant to the Earth＇s surface and near-surface, they were not designed for the purpose of modeling and application in geological or atmospheric space. There is a pressing need for a new Digital Earth system that can process geospatial information with full dimensionality. In this paper, we present a new Digital Earth system, termed SolidEarth, as an alternative virtual globe for the modeling and visualization of the whole Earth space including its surface, interior, and exterior space. SolidEarth consists of four functional components： modeling in geographical space, modeling in geological space, modeling in atmo- spheric space, and, integrated visualization and analysis. SolidEarth has a comprehensive treatment to the third spatial dimension and a series of sophisticated 3D spatial analysis functions. Therefore, it is well-suited to the volumetric representation and visual analysis of the inner/ outer spheres in Earth space. SolidEarth can be used in a number of fields such as geoscience research and education, the construction of Digital Earth applications, and other professional practices of Earth science.

关键词： Digital Earth Earth space full dimensionality,visualization

Incorporation of intra-city human mobility into urban growth simulation:A case study in Beijing

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第5期32卷 892-912页

作者： WANG Siying FEI Teng LI Weifeng ZHANG Anqi GUO Huagui DU Yunyan School of Resource and environmental Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan430079China Department of Urban Planning and Design The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Smart Cities Hong KongChina Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources research CASBeijing100101China School of Architecture and Urban-rural Planning Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108China

The effective modeling of urban growth is crucial for urban planning and analyzing the causes of land-use *** urbanization has slowed down in most megacities,improved urban growth modeling with minor changes has become a crucial open issue for these *** existing models are based on stationary factors and spatial proximity,which are unlikely to depict spatial connectivity between *** research attempts to leverage the power of real-world human mobility and consider intra-city spatial interaction as an imperative driver in the context of urban growth ***,the gravity model,which considers both the scale and distance effects of geographical locations within cities,is employed to characterize the connection between land areas using individual trajectory data from a macro *** then becomes possible to integrate human mobility factors into a neural-network-based cellular automata(ANN-CA)for urban growth modeling in Beijing from 2013 to *** results indicate that the proposed model outperforms traditional models in terms of the overall accuracy with a 0.60%improvement in Cohen’s Kappa coefficient and a 0.41%improvement in the figure of *** addition,the improvements are even more significant in districts with strong relationships with the central area of *** example,we find that the Kappa coefficients in three districts(Chaoyang,Daxing,and Shunyi)are considerably higher by more than 2.00%,suggesting the possible existence of a positive link between intense human interaction and urban *** paper provides valuable insights into how fine-grained human mobility data can be integrated into urban growth simulation,helping us to better understand the human-land relationship.

关键词： cellular automata urban growth simulation human mobility massive trajectories

Denitrification potential enhancement by addition of external carbon sources in a pre-denitrification process

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2007年第3期19卷 284-289页

作者： PENG Yong-zhen MA Yong WANG Shu-ying School of Municipal and environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100022 China

The aim of this study is to investigate the denitrification potential enhancement by addition of external carbon sources and to estimate the denitrification potential for the predenitrification system using nitrate utilization rate （NUR） batch tests. It is shown that the denitrification potential can be substantially increased with the addition of three external carbon sources, i.e. methanol, ethanol, and acetate, and the denitrification rates of ethanol, acetate, and methanol reached up to 9.6, 12, and 3.2 mgN/（g VSS.h）, respectively, while that of starch wastewater was only 0.74 mgN/（g VSS,h）. By comparison, ethanol was found to be the best external carbon source. NUR batch tests with starch wastewater and waste ethanol were carried out. The denitfification potential increased from 5.6 to 16.5 mg NO3-N/L owing to waste ethanol addition. By means of NUR tests, the wastewater characteristics and kinetic parameters can be estimated, which are used to determine the denitrification potential of wastewater, to calculate the denitrification potential of the plant and to predict the nitrate effluent quality, as well as provide information for developing carbon dosage control strategy.

关键词： predenitrification process external carbon addition ethanol denitrification potential

Heat stress affects fecal microbial and metabolic alterations of primiparous sows during late gestation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第1期11卷 32-43页

作者： Jianwen He Huiduo Guo Weijiang Zheng Yongqiang Xue Ruqian Zhao Wen Yao Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal HealthCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China210095 National Experimental teaching Center for Animal Science College of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China210095 Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of ChinaNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China210095.

Background:Heat stress(HS)jeopardizes intestinal barrier functions and augments intestinal permeability in ***,whether HS-induced maternal microbial and metabolic changes in primiparous sows during late gestation remains *** present here,a study investigating the fecal microbial and metabolic responses in late gestational primiparous sows when exposed to ***:Twelve first-parity Landrace×Large White F1 sows were randomly assigned into two environmental treatments including the thermoneutral(TN)(18–22℃;n=6)and HS(28–32℃;n=6)*** treatments were applied from 85 d of gestation to *** serum and feces samples were collected on d 107 of gestation,for analyses including intestinal integrity biomarkers,high-throughput sequencing metagenomics,short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)profiles and nontargeted ***:Our results show that HS group has higher serum Heat shock protein 70(HSP70),lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein(LBP)*** gut microbial community can be altered upon HS by usingβ-diversity and taxon-based *** particular,the relative abundance of genera and operational taxonomic units(OTUs)related to Clostridiales and Halomonas are higher in HS group,the relative abundance of genera and OTUs related to Bacteroidales and Streptococcus,however,are lower in HS *** of metabolic analysis reveal that HS lowers the concentrations of propionate,butyrate,total SCFA,succinate,fumarate,malate,lactate,aspartate,ethanolamine,β-alanine and niacin,whereas that of fructose and azelaic acid are higher in HS *** metabolites mainly affect propanoate metabolism,alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism,phenylalanine metabolism,β-alanine metabolism,pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis,tricarboxylic acid cycle(TCA)and nicotinate and nicotinamide ***,correlation analysis between significant microbes and metabolites indicated that the HS-induced microbiota shift is likely

关键词： Heat stress Late gestation Metabolic profiles Microbial community Sow

Effects of supplying silicon nutrient on utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients by rice and its soil ecological mechanism in a hybrid rice double-cropping system

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2020年第6期21卷 474-484页

作者： Min LIAO Zhi-ping FANG Yu-qi LIANG Xiao-hui HUANG Xu YANG Shu-sen CHEN Xiao-mei XIE Chang-xu XU Jia-wen GUO College of environmental and Resource Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition Hangzhou 310058China Experimental teaching Center College of Environment and ResourcesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Institute of Soil&Fertilizer and Resource&Environment Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200China

This study was conducted to reveal the effects of silicon(Si) application on nutrient utilization efficiency by rice and on soil nutrient availability and soil microorganisms in a hybrid rice double-cropping planting system. A series of field experiments were conducted during 2017 and 2018. The results showed that Si nutrient supply improved grain yield and the utilization rates of nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) to an appropriate level for both early and late plantings, reaching a maximum at 23.4 kg/ha Si. The same trends were found for the ratios of available N(AN) to total N(TN) and available P(AP) to total P(TP), the soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN), microbial biomass phosphorus(MBP), and the ratios of MBN to TN and MBP to TP, at different levels of Si. Statistical analysis further revealed that Si application enhanced rice growth and increased the utilization rate of fertilizer due to an ecological mechanism, i.e., Si supply significantly increased the total amount of soil microorganisms in paddy soil compared to the control. This promoted the mineralization of soil nutrients and improved the availability and reserves of easily mineralized organic nutrients.

关键词： Silicon nutrient Utilization rate of fertilizer Ecological mechanism Rice double-cropping system

Insights into the Biogenic Amine-Generating Microbes during Two Different Types of Soy Sauce Fermentation as Revealed by Metagenome-Assembled Genomes

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年

作者： Guiliang Tan Yi Wang Min Hu Xueyan Li Xiangli Li Ziqiang Pan Mei Li Lin Li Ziyi Zheng Lei Shi School of Material Science and Food Engineering， University of Electronic Science and Technology of China， Zhongshan Institute School of environmental Science and Engineering， Changzhou University School of health Industry Zhongshan Torch Polytechnic Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition， Jinan University Shandong Yuwang Ecological Food Industry CO.， Ltd.

In-depth knowledge of the microbes responsible for biogenic amine (BA) production during soy sauce fermentation remains limited. Herein， the variations in the BA profiles， microbial communities， and microbes involved in BA production during the fermentation of soy sauce through Japanese-type (JP) and Cantonese-type (CP) processes were compared. BA analysis revealed that the three most abundant BA species were putrescine， tyramine， and histamine in the later three stages (1187.68， 785.16， and 193.20 mg/kg on average， respectively). The BA profiles differed significantly， with CP samples containing higher contents of putrescine， tyramine， and histamine (P unities during the CP process. In total， 15 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were retrieved， of which 10 encoded at least one BA production-related gene. Enterococcus faecium (MAG10) and Weissella paramesenteroides (MAG5) might be the major tyramine producers. The metabolic pathways for BA production were predicted. The high putrescine content in CP might be associated with the high abundance of Staphylococcus gallinarum (MAG8). This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the diversity and abundance of genes involved in BA synthesis， especially at the species level， during food fermentation.

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