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Nickel extraction from nickel laterites: Processes, resources, environment and cost

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China Geology 2025年第1期8卷 187-213页

作者： Zhen-fang Zhang Wei-bo Zhang Zhen-guo Zhang Xiu-fa Chen development research center of China Geological Survey Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100037China Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot 010062China

With the development of the new energy industry and the depletion of nickel sulfide ore resources,laterite nickel ore has become the main source of primary nickel,and nickel for power batteries has become a new growth point in *** paper systematically summarizes the processes,parameters,products,recovery rates,environmental indicators,costs,advantages,disadvantages and the latest research progress of mainstream nickel extraction processes from laterite nickel *** also provides a comparative analysis of the environmental impact and economic efficiency of different nickel extraction *** is found that the current nickel extraction processes from laterite nickel ore globally for commercial production mainly include the RKEF process for producing ferronickel and the HPAL process for producing intermediate *** former accounts for about 80%of laterite nickel ore *** to each other,the investment cost per ton of nickel metal production capacity for the RKEF is about 43000$,with an operational cost of about 16000$per ton of nickel metal and a total nickel recovery rate of 77%–90%.Its products are mainly used in stainless *** the HPAL process,the investment cost per ton of nickel metal production capacity is about 56000$,with an operational cost of about 15000$per ton of nickel metal and a total nickel recovery rate of 83%–90%.Its products are mainly used in power *** significant differences between the two lies in energy consumption and carbon emissions,with the RKEF being 2.18 and 2.37 times that of the HPAL,*** the use of clean energy can greatly reduce the operational cost and environmental impact of RKEF,if RKEF is converted to producing high Ni matte,its economic and environmental performance still cannot match that of the HPAL and oxygen-enriched side-blown ***,it can be inferred that with the increasing demand for nickel in power batteries,HPAL and oxygen-enriched side

关键词： Laterite nickel ore Limonite Saprolite Nickel extraction Pyrometallurgy Power batteries Hydrometallurgy Cost Environmental impact Life cycle assessment Comprehensive utilization Mineral exploration engineering

Molecular and cellular mechanisms of photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterility in plants

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Molecular Plant 2025年第1期18卷 26-41页

作者： Na Wang Xiang Li Jun Zhu Zhong-Nan Yang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources DevelopmentCollege of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Shanghai Engineering research center of Plant Germplasm resources College of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

Photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile(P/TGMS)lines display male sterility under high-temperature/long-day light conditions and male fertility under low-temperature/short-day light conditions.P/TGMS lines are the fundamental basis for the two-line hybrid breeding,which has notably increased the yield potential and grain quality of rice *** this review,we focus on the research progress on photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterility in *** essence of P/TGMS line is their ability to produce viable pollen under varying *** overview the processes involved in anther and pollen development,as well as the molecular,cellular,and genetic mechanisms underlying P/TGMS in Arabidopsis,rice,and other *** development has been identified as a common mechanism of P/TGMS fertility restoration in both Arabidopsis and rice,while reactive oxygen species homeostasis has been implicated in rice P/***,we discuss the prospective applications of P/TGMS and potential solutions to the challenges in this *** review deepens the understanding of the mechanisms underlying P/TGMS and its utilization in two-line hybrid breeding across diverse crops.

关键词： P/TGMS lines pollen cell wall transition slow development ROS homeostasis

Spatio-temporal evolution of complex agricultural land use and its drivers in a super-large irrigation district (Hetao) of the upper Yellow River Basin (2000–2021)

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2025年第2期35卷 273-301页

作者： LI Xinyi SUN Chen XIAO Xue LI Zhengzhong MA Xin WANG Jun XU Xu Chinese-Israeli International center for research and Training in Agriculture College of Water Resources &Civil Engineering China Agricultural University Institute of Environment and Sustainable development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shahaoqu Experimental Station Jiefangzha Department Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District Water Resources Development Center Water resources research Institute of Inner Mongolia College of Economics & Management China Agricultural University

Accurate spatio-temporal land cover information in agricultural irrigation districts is crucial for effective agricultural management and crop production. Therefore, a spectralphenological-based land cover classification(SPLC) method combined with a fusion model(flexible spatiotemporal data fusion, FSDAF)(abbreviated as SPLC-F) was proposed to map multi-year land cover and crop type(LC-CT) distribution in agricultural irrigated areas with complex landscapes and cropping system, using time series optical images(Landsat and MODIS). The SPLC-F method was well validated and applied in a super-large irrigated area(Hetao) of the upper Yellow River Basin(YRB). Results showed that the SPLC-F method had a satisfactory performance in producing long-term LC-CT maps in Hetao, without the requirement of field sampling. Then, the spatio-temporal variation and the driving factors of the cropping systems were further analyzed with the aid of detailed household surveys and statistics. We clarified that irrigation and salinity conditions were the main factors that had impacts on crop spatial distribution in the upper YRB. Investment costs, market demand, and crop price are the main driving factors in determining the temporal variations in cropping distribution. Overall, this study provided essential multi-year LC-CT maps for sustainable management of agriculture, eco-environments, and food security in the upper YRB.

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Preparation and applications of calcium ferrite as a functional material:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 292-310页

作者： Xiuli Han Bowen Duan Lei Liu Shilong Fang Weiwei Wang College of Mining Engineering North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063210China Collaborative Innovation center of Green development and Ecological Restoration of Mineral resources of Hebei Province Tangshan 063210China Key Laboratory of Mining development and Security Technology of Hebei Province Tangshan 063210China

Calcium ferrite(CF)is recognized as a potential green and efficient functional material because of its advantages of magnetism,electrochemistry,catalysis,and biocompatibility in the fields of materials chemistry,environmental engineering,and ***-fore,the obtained research results need to be systematically summarized,and new perspectives on CF and its composite materials need to be *** on the presented studies of CF and its composite materials,the types and structures of the crystal are *** addition,the current application technologies and theoretical mechanisms with various properties in different fields are ***,the various preparation methods of CF and its composite materials are elaborated in *** importantly,the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis methods of CF and its composite materials are discussed,and the existing problems and emerging challenges in practical production are ***,the key future research directions of CF and its composite materials have been prospected from the potential application technologies to provide references for its synthesis and efficient utilization.

关键词： calcium ferrite mineral functional materials preparation application perspectives

Electrocatalytic cleavage of a lignin β-O-4 model compound and coupling with nitrogen-containing aromatics using Prussian blue analogue-derived nickel–cobalt spinel

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 628-636页

作者： Yi Qi Xueying Chen Bowen Liu Xuliang Lin Xueqing Qiu Yanlin Qin Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant resources Biorefinery School of Chemical Engineering and Light IndustryGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006GuangdongChina Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang center Jieyang 515200GuangdongChina Guangdong Basic research center of Excellence for Ecological Security and Green development Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006GuangdongChina

Electrochemical conversion of lignin for the production of high-value heterocyclic aromatic compounds has great *** demonstrate the targeted synthesis and cation modulation of NiCo_(2)O_(4)spinel nanoboxes,synthesized via cation exchange and calcination *** catalysts exhibit excellent efficacy in the electrocatalytic conversion of lignin model compounds,specifically 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol,into nitrogen-containing aromatics,achieving high conversion rates and *** catalysts were synthesized via a cation exchange and calcination oxidation process,using Prussian blue nanocubes as *** porous architecture and polymetallic composition of the NiCo_(2)O_(4)spinel demonstrated superior performance in electrocatalytic oxidative coupling,achieving a 99.2 wt%conversion rate of the 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol with selectivities of 37.5 wt%for quinoline derivatives and 31.5 wt%for *** innovations include the development of a sustainable one-pot synthesis method for quinoline derivatives,the elucidation of a multistage reaction pathway involving CAO bond cleavage,hydroxyaldol condensation,and CAN bond formation,and a deeper mechanistic understanding derived from DFT *** work establishes a new strategy for lignin valorization,offering a sustainable route to produce high-value nitrogen-containing aromatics from renewable biomass under mild conditions,without the need for additional reagents.

关键词： Spinel Biomass valorization Electrocatalysis Lignin oxidation Coupling

Impact of residual antibiotics on microbial decomposition of livestock manures in Eutric Regosol:Implications for sustainable nutrient recycling and soil carbon sequestration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 498-511页

作者： Linfa Fang Prakash Lakshmanan Xiaoxuan Su Yujia Shi Zheng Chen Yu Zhang Wei Sun Junxi Wu Ran Xiao Xinping Chen Interdisciplinary research center for Agriculture Green development in Yangtze River Basin College of Resources and EnvironmentSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement(Guangxi) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic ImprovementSugarcane Research InstituteGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanning 530007China Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4067QLDAustralia Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and National Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The land application of livestock manure has been widely acknowledged as a beneficial approach for nutrient recycling and environmental ***,the impact of residual antibiotics,a common contaminant of manure,on the degradation of organic compounds and nutrient release in Eutric Regosol is not well ***,we studied,how oxytetracycline(OTC)and ciprofloxacin(CIP)affect the decomposition,microbial community structure,extracellular enzyme activities and nutrient release from cattle and pig manure using litterbag incubation *** showed that OTC and CIP greatly inhibited livestock manure decomposition,causing a decreased rate of carbon(28%-87%),nitrogen(15%-44%)and phosphorus(26%-43%)*** relative abundance of gramnegative(G-)bacteria was reduced by 4.0%-13%while fungi increased by 7.0%-71%during a 28-day incubation ***-occurrence network analysis showed that antibiotic exposure disrupted microbial interactions,particularly among G-bacteria,G+bacteria,and *** changes in microbial community structure and function resulted in decreased activity of urease,β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase,alkaline protease,chitinase,and catalase,causing reduced decomposition and nutrient release in cattle and pig *** findings advance our understanding of decomposition and nutrient recycling from manure-contaminated antibiotics,which will help facilitate sustainable agricultural production and soil carbon sequestration.

关键词： Residual antibiotics Livestock manure decomposition Microbial community Co-occurrence network Enzyme activities

Interfacial B-O bonding modulated S-scheme B-doped N-deficient C_(3)N_(4)/O-doped-C_(3)N_(5) for efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 355-361页

作者： Entian Cui Yulian Lu Zhaoxia Li Zhilei Chen Chengyan Ge Jizhou Jiang Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province Yancheng Institute of TechnologyYancheng 224051China School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of EducationEngineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of EducationWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China

Photocatalytic overall pure water splitting is a promising method for generating green hydrogen energy under mild ***,this process is often hindered by sluggish electron-hole separation and *** address this,a step-scheme(S-scheme)B-doped N-deficient C_(3)N_(4)/O-doped C_(3)N_(5)(BN-C_(3)N_(4)/O-C_(3)N_(5))heterojunction with interfacial B-O bonds has been *** Pt and Co(OH)_(2) as co-catalysts,BN-C_(3)N_(4)/O-C_(3)N_(5) S-scheme heterojunction demonstrates significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity for overall pure water splitting under visible light,achieving H_(2) and O_(2) evolution rates of 40.12 and 19.62μmol/h,*** characterizations and experiments revealed the performance-enhancing effects of the enhanced built-in electric field and the interfacial B-O ***,the strengthened built-in electric field provides sufficient force for rapid interfacial electron ***,by reducing the transport energy barrier and transfer distance,the interfacial B-O bonds facilitate rapid recombination of electrons and holes with relatively low redox potential via the S-scheme charge-transfer route,leaving the high-potential electrons and holes available for H^(+)reduction and OH^(-)oxidation ***,the photocatalytic efficiency of BN-C_(3)N_(4)/O-C_(3)N_(5) S-scheme heterojunction was significantly improved,making it a promising approach for green hydrogen production through overall pure water splitting.

关键词： Interfacial B-O bonds BN-C_(3)N_(4) O-C_(3)N_(5) S-scheme heterojunction Water splitting

Facile fabrication of NiCo-hydroxysulfide nanosheets array for electrocatalytic urea oxidation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 218-228页

作者： Jing ZOU Chang LIU Kun XIANG Qiong LI Shihao DAI Jizhou JIANG School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering School of Environmental Ecology and Biological EngineeringKey Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of EducationEngineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of EducationNovel Catalytic Materials of Hubei Engineering Research CenterWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China

Urea oxidation reaction(UOR)instead of anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is considered an effective way to reduce energy consumption in electrocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen ***,the slow rate of reaction of UOR,which entails a procedure of transferring six electrons,has hindered its widespread ***,it is crucial to design highly effective electrocatalysts for the implementation of ***,a novel NiCo-hydroxysulfide(NiCo-HOS)electrocatalyst has been reported for UOR,which is obtained by the exchange of sulfur ions in NiCo layered double hydroxide(NiCo-LDH)nanosheets at room *** from the sulfurization process,the composition,electronic structure,and surface properties of electrocatalysts have undergone significant changes and *** sulfurization treatment,the resulting NiCo-HOS showed enhanced chemical resistance to alkaline electrolytes and improved electrical *** a 40 h operation test,it maintained high stability and provided a stable current density of 100 mA cm^(-2)at a relatively low potential of 1.33 V(***)in a solution of 1 mol L^(-1)KOH+0.5 mol L^(-1)***,the anode electrolytic product is analyzed through gas chromatography(GC),and N_2 is detected as the product without the presence of CO,indicating that the urea has undergone complete oxidation.

关键词： urea oxidation reaction NiCo-hydroxysulfide electrocatalyst hydrogen

Ferulic acid alleviates long-term avermectin-induced damage to the spleen of carp and restores its inflammatory response and oxidative balance

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 616-626页

作者： Hanyu Wang Shenye Feng Enzhuang Pan Xiaomeng Ji Mengyuan Zhou Shuai Zhang Baoshi Xu Huimiao Feng Jilei Yin Zibo Dong Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry TechnologyJiangsu Marine Pharmaceutical Resources Development Engineering Research CenterJiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound ScreeningCollege of PharmacyJiangsu Ocean UniversityLianyungang 222005China Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jiangsu Union Technical Institute Lianyungang Branch institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineLianyungang 222006China

Extensive use of avermectin(AVM)in agriculture can seriously contaminate fish in *** acid(FA)is a strong antioxidant sourced from plants and is widely applied in food and medicine,but its protective function on the immunological damage caused by AVM is still *** this study,carp were chronically exposed to(1/1096 hr LC_(50))AVM for 30 day(s),with a dietary supplement of FA(400 mg/kg)to assess its effects on carp *** experimental groups(n=10)included:control,AVM-exposed(2.404μg/L),FA+AVM co-treated,and FA ***-term AVM exposure altered spleen tissue,reducing serum complement C3(pdevelopment of fish feed for aquaculture.

关键词： Avermectin Ferulic acid Oxidative stress Inflammation response