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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第5期42卷 485-490页

作者： Bo Liu Congqi Li Xiaobin Gu Yinghui Han Zhixiang Wei Yunhao Cai Xin Zhang Hui Huang Yanping Huo School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdong510006 China College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049 China College Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049 China Center for Excellence in nanoscience (CAS) & Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing100190 China

By employing the asymmetric end-group engineering,an asymmetric nonfused-ring electron acceptor(NFREA)was designed and *** with the symmetric analogs(NoCA-17 and NoCA-18),NoCA-19 possesses broader light absorption range,more coplanarπ-conjugated backbone,and appropriate crystallinity according to the experimental and theoretical *** organic solar cells based on J52:NoCA-19 exhibited a power conversion efficiency as high as 12.26%,which is much higher than those of J52:NoCA-17(9.50%)and J52:NoCA-18(11.77%),mainly due to more efficient exciton dissociation,better and balanced charge mobility,suppressed recombination loss,shorter charge extraction time,longer charge carrier lifetimes,and more favorable blend film *** findings demonstrate the great potential of asymmetric end-group engineering in exploring low-cost and high-performance NFREAs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Nonfused-ring electron acceptors Asymmetric end-group engineering Noncovalently conformational locks Low-cost acceptors

Influence of syngas components and ash particles on the radiative heat transfer in a radiant syngas cooler

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 203-215页

作者： Chen Han Youmin Situ Huaxing Zhu Jianliang Xu Zhenghua Dai Guangsuo Yu Haifeng Liu National Energy Coal Gasification technology research and Development Center East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Shanghai Engineering research Center of Coal Gasification East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Radiant syngas cooler(RSC)is widely used as a waste heat recovery equipment in industrial *** this work,an RSC with radiation screens is established and the impact of gaseous radiative property models,gas components,and ash particles on heat transfer is investigated by the numerical simulation *** the syngas components and the pressure environment of the RSC,a modified weighted-sum-of-gray-gases model was *** modified model shows high accuracy in *** computational fluid dynamics simulation,the calculated steam production is only 0.63%in error with the industrial *** with Smith's model,the temperature decay along the axial direction calculated by the modified model is *** components are of great significance to heat recovery capacity,especially when the absorbing gas fraction is less than 10%.After considering the influence of particles,the outlet temperature and the proportion of radiative heat transfer are less affected,but the difference in steam output reaches 2.7 t·h^(-1).The particle deposition on the wall greatly reduces the heat recovery performance of an RSC.

关键词： Radiant syngas cooler Weighted-sum-of-gray-gases model Numerical simulation Particle radiation

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Intrinsically Stretchable Electroluminescent Materials and Devices

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1360-1379页

作者： Wei Liu Glingna Wang Sihong Wang Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of ChicagoChicagoIllinois 60637 nanoscience and technology Division and Center for Molecular Engineering Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIllinois 60439

Intrinsically stretchable electroluminescent(EL)devices have emerged as pivotal components with transformative potential in various domains,including wearable technology,medical devices,human-machine interfaces,and *** mini-review focuses on the recent progress in the development of intrinsically stretchable EL materials,highlighting milestones and breakthroughs in the *** article discusses the basic principles,advantages,and disadvantages associated with various EL mechanisms and *** material design strategies,particularly focusing on light-emitting layers,are thoroughly examined,detailing their implementation in EL devices and the resultant EL *** also provide perspectives on the active challenges and future research needs for each type of EL material and devices for achieving stretchable designs,together with some insights into the future trajectory of stretchable EL technology.

关键词： stretchable electronics electroluminescent materials electroluminescent devices lightemitting diodes thermally activated delayed fluorescence

High-entropy design boosts dielectric energy storage

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 4013-4015页

作者： Qiu-Ying Xia He Zhu Si Lan Yang Ren Herbert Gleiter Institute of nanoscience School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Department of Physics City University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China

Dielectric capacitors are vital for advanced electronic and electrical power systems due to their impressive power density and ***,a persistent challenge has been enhancing their energy densities while maintaining high *** in Science,a novel high-entropy design for relaxor ferroelectric materials has been proposed,promising significant improvements in both energy density and efficiency for multilayer dielectric ceramic *** the crucial role of high-entropy design in energy storage materials and devices,this highlight focuses on interpreting the progress and significance of this innovative work.

关键词： ceramic dielectric energy

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Lattice Boltzmann simulation study of anode degradation in solid oxide fuel cells during the initial aging process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第2期31卷 405-411页

作者： Shixue Liu Zhijing Liu Shuxing Zhang Hao Wu Hydrogen Energy Industrial technology Innovation Center China Nuclear Power Technology Research InstituteShenzhen 518031China Shenzhen Engineering research Center for Hydrogen Safety Shenzhen 518031China

For present solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs),rapid performance degradation is observed in the initial aging process,and the dis-cussion of the degradation mechanism necessitates quantitative ***,focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy was em-ployed to characterize and reconstruct the ceramic microstructures of SOFC *** lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)simulation of multiphysical and electrochemical processes in the reconstructed models was *** samples collected from industrial-size cells were characterized,including a reduced reference cell and a cell with an initial aging *** parameters of the reconstructed microstructures revealed a significant decrease in the active triple-phase boundary and Ni connectivity in the aged cell compared with the reference *** LBM simulation revealed that activity degradation is dominant compared with microstructural degradation during the initial aging process,and the electrochemical reactions spread to the support layer in the aged *** microstructural and activity de-gradations are attributed to Ni migration and coarsening.

关键词： solid oxide fuel cell anode degradation focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy lattice Boltzmann method

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Ensemble successor representations for task generalization in offline-to-online reinforcement learning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 240-255页

作者： Changhong WANG Xudong YU Chenjia BAI Qiaosheng ZHANG Zhen WANG Space Control and Inertial technology research Center Harbin Institute of Technology Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shenzhen research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Cybersecurity Northwestern Polytechnical University

In reinforcement learning(RL), training a policy from scratch with online experiences can be inefficient because of the difficulties in exploration. Recently, offline RL provides a promising solution by giving an initialized offline policy, which can be refined through online interactions. However, existing approaches primarily perform offline and online learning in the same task, without considering the task generalization problem in offline-to-online adaptation. In real-world applications, it is common that we only have an offline dataset from a specific task while aiming for fast online-adaptation for several tasks. To address this problem, our work builds upon the investigation of successor representations for task generalization in online RL and extends the framework to incorporate offline-to-online learning. We demonstrate that the conventional paradigm using successor features cannot effectively utilize offline data and improve the performance for the new task by online fine-tuning. To mitigate this, we introduce a novel methodology that leverages offline data to acquire an ensemble of successor representations and subsequently constructs ensemble Q functions. This approach enables robust representation learning from datasets with different coverage and facilitates fast adaption of Q functions towards new tasks during the online fine-tuning *** empirical evaluations provide compelling evidence showcasing the superior performance of our method in generalizing to diverse or even unseen tasks.

关键词： offline reinforcement learning online fine-tuning task generalization successor representations ensembles

Directional amine-based solvent extraction for simultaneous enhanced water recovery,salt separation and effective descaling from hypersaline brines

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 83-92页

作者： Yuyao Zhang Litao Jia Jin Zhao Xuming Liu Shuyu Dong Chuanyang Liu Yuanyuan Cui Shougang research Institute of technology Beijing 100043China research Center of Environmental technology in Water Pollution Source Identification and Precise Supervision School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The feasibility of simultaneous water recovery,salt separation and effective descaling of hypersaline brine was investigated by diisopropylamine(DIPA)-based directional solvent extraction(DSE),using diluted/concentrated seawater with initial saline concentration range of 12–237 g/L at extraction temperatures of 5 and 15℃,*** water recovery shows an obvious boundary at saline concentration of 115 g/L under dual effect of specific water extraction efficiency and extraction *** Cl^(–) ion concentration in product water is in sharp contrast to the nearly complete removal of SO_(4)^(2–)and hardness ions,indicating that DIPA-based DSE process indeed achieved efficient separation and purification of Cl^(–) ion from hypersaline ***,the radical precipitation of Mg^(2+)and Ca^(2+)ions in form of Mg(OH)_(2)and CaCO_(3)demonstrates effective descaling potential,although it leads to more DIPA residues in dewatered raffinate than product ***,an exponential correlation between the Cl^(–) removal efficiency and specific water extraction efficiency further reveals the intrinsic relationship of water extraction process and transfer of Cl^(–) ion to the product ***,the study provides a novel approach for integrating the water recovery and separation of Cl^(–) ion from ultra-high-salinity brines with radical precipitation of Mg^(2+)and Ca^(2+) ions in one step.

关键词： Hypersaline brines Directional solvent extraction Salt separation Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)descaling

Plasma-exfoliated g-C_(3)N_(4) with oxygen doping: tailoring photocatalytic properties

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 27-39页

作者： Yuxin Li Junxin Guo Rui Han Zhao Wang National Engineering research Centre of Industry Crystallization technology School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Heteroatom doping and defect engineering have been proposed as effective ways to modulate the energy band structure and improve the photocatalytic activity of g-C_(3)N_(4). In this work, ultrathin defective g-C_(3)N_(4) was successfully prepared using cold plasma. Plasma exfoliation reduces the thickness of g-C_(3)N_(4) from 10 nm to 3 nm, while simultaneously introducing a large number of nitrogen defects and oxygen atoms into g-C_(3)N_(4). The amount of doped O was regulated by varying the time and power of the plasma treatment. Due to N vacancies, O atoms formed strong bonds with C atoms, resulting in O doping in g-C_(3)N_(4). The mechanism of plasma treatment involves oxygen etching and gas expansion. Photocatalytic experiments demonstrated that appropriate amount of O doping improved the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B compared with pure g-C_(3)N_(4). The introduction of O optimized the energy band structure and photoelectric properties of g-C_(3)N_(4). Active species trapping experiments revealed ·O_(2)^(–) as the main active species during the degradation.

关键词： graphitic carbon nitride cold plasma oxygen doping nitrogen defect visible-light photocatalysis

Bioinspired ionic control for energy and information flow

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2024年第1期15卷 198-221页

作者： Puguang Peng Han Qian Jiajin Liu Zhonglin Wang Di Wei Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of nanoscience and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

The control of ion transport by responding to stimulus is a necessary condition for the existence of *** iontronics could enable anomalous ion dynamics in the nano-confined spaces,creating many efficient energy systems and neuromorphic in-sensor computing networks:Unlike tradi-tional electronics based on von Neumann computing architec-ture,the Boolean logic computing based on the iontronics could avoid complex wiring with higher energy efficiency and programmable neuromorphic ***,a systematic summary on the state of art in bioinspired iontronics is pre-sented and the stimulus from chemical potentials,electric fields,light,heat,piezo and magnetic fields on ion dynamics are *** and perspectives are also addressed in the aspects of iontronic integrated *** is believed that comprehensive investigations in bioinspired ionic control will accelerate the development on more efficient energy and information flow for the futuristic human-machine interface.

关键词： lontronics nanoconfined ion transport ion dynamics bioinspired iontronics ionic-electronic coupling interface

Unlocking single-atom catalysts via amorphous substrates

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Nano research 2024年第5期17卷 3533-3546页

作者： Bohua Sun Mingyuan Xu Xiaoxia Li Baohong Zhang Rui Hao Xiaoyu Fan Binbin Jia Dingshun She School of Engineering and technology China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Zhengzhou Institute China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Zhengzhou 451283China College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion MaterialsChina Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China School of Chemistry Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China National Engineering research Center of Nonferrous Metals Materials and Products for New EnergyChina GRINM Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100088China

Single-atom catalysts(SACs)reveal great potential for application in catalysis due to their fully exposed active *** general,single atoms(SAs)and the coordination substrates need to have strong interactions or charge transfer to ensure the atomic dispersion,which requires the selection of a suitable substrate to stabilize the target *** studies have demonstrated that amorphous materials with abundant defects and coordinatively unsaturated sites can be used as substrates for more efficient capturing SAs,further enhancing the catalytic *** this review,we discuss recent research progress of SAs loaded on amorphous substrates for enhanced catalytic ***,we summarize the commonly used amorphous substrates for stabilizing ***,we present several advanced applications of amorphous SACs in the field of catalysis,including electrocatalysis and *** then,we also clarify the synergistic mechanism between SAs and amorphous substrate on catalytic ***,we summarize the challenges with our personal views and provide a critical outlook on how amorphous SACs continue to evolve.

关键词： single-atoms amorphous substrate synthetic strategy catalysis