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Machine learning in liver surgery:Benefits and pitfalls

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第12期12卷 2134-2137页

作者： Rafael Calleja Manuel Durán María Dolores Ayllón Ruben Ciria Javier Briceño Hepatobiliary Surgery and liver Transplantation unit Hospital Universitario Reina SofíaMaimonides Biomedical Research Institute of CordobaCórdoba 14004Spain

The application of machine learning(ML)algorithms in various fields of hepatology is an issue of ***,we must be cautious with the *** this letter,based on a published ML prediction model for acute kidney injury after liver surgery,we discuss some limitations of ML models and how they may be addressed in the *** the future faces significant challenges,it also holds a great potential.

关键词： Machine learning liver surgery Artificial intelligence Random forest Prediction model

Multiomics analysis reveals metabolic subtypes and identifies diacylglycerol kinase α (DGKA) as a potential therapeutic target for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

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Cancer Communications 2024年第2期44卷 226-250页

作者： Weiren Liu Huqiang Wang Qianfu Zhao Chenyang Tao Weifeng Qu Yushan Hou Run Huang Zimei Sun Guiqi Zhu Xifei Jiang Yuan Fang Jun Gao Xiaoling Wu Zhixiang Yang Rongyu Ping Jiafeng Chen Rui Yang Tianhao Chu Jian Zhou Jia Fan Zheng Tang Dong Yang Yinghong Shi Department of liver Surgery and Transplantation Liver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghaiP.R.China research unit of liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics Beijing Proteome Research CenterNational Center for Protein Sciences(Beijing)Beijing Institute of LifeomicsBeijingP.R.China

Background:Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)is a highly heteroge-neous and lethal hepatobiliary tumor with few therapeutic *** metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells plays an essential role in the develop-ment of tumors,while the metabolic molecular classification of iCCA is largely ***,we performed an integrated multiomics analysis and metabolic classification to depict differences in metabolic characteristics of iCCA patients,hoping to provide a novel perspective to understand and treat ***:We performed integrated multiomics analysis in 116 iCCA samples,including whole-exome sequencing,bulk RNA-sequencing and proteome *** on the non-negative matrix factorization method and the protein abundance of metabolic genes in human genome-scale metabolic models,the metabolic subtype of iCCA was *** and prognostic gene analy-ses were used to compare overall survival(OS)differences between metabolic *** proliferation analysis,5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine(EdU)assay,colony formation assay,RNA-sequencing and Western blotting were performed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of diacylglycerol kinaseα(DGKA)in iCCA ***:Three metabolic subtypes(S1-S3)with subtype-specific biomarkers of iCCA were *** metabolic subtypes presented with distinct prog-noses,metabolic features,immune microenvironments,and genetic *** S2 subtype with the worst survival showed the activation of some special metabolic processes,immune-suppressed microenvironment and Kirsten ratsar-coma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS)/AT-rich interactive domain 1A(ARID1A)*** the S2 subtype-specific upregulated proteins,DGKA was further identified as a potential drug target for iCCA,which promoted cell proliferation by enhancing phosphatidic acid(PA)metabolism and activating mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)***:Viamultiomics analyses,we identified three metabolic subtypes of iCCA,revealing

关键词： diacylglycerol kinaseα intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma MAPK signaling metabolic classifi-cation multiomics analysis phosphatidic acid metabolism

The switch triggering the invasion process:Lipid metabolism in the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第11期137卷 1271-1284页

作者： Jiaqian Zhang Zhicheng Zhang Zhangfan Wu Yufei Wang Zerui Zhang Limin Xia Department of Gastroenterology Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal DiseasesHubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary DiseasesTongji Hospital of Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430030China State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical research Center for Digestive diseases Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710032China

In humans,the liver is a central metabolic organ with a complex and unique histological *** carcinoma(HCC),which is a highly aggressive disease with a poor prognosis,accounts for most cases of primary liver *** an emerging hallmark of cancers,metabolic reprogramming acts as a runaway mechanism that disrupts homeostasis of the affected organs,including the ***,rewiring of the liver metabolic microenvironment,including lipid metabolism,is driven by HCC cells,propelling the phenotypes of HCC cells,including dissemination,invasion,and even metastasis in *** resulting formation of this vicious loop facilitates various malignant behaviors of HCC ***,few articles have comprehensively summarized lipid reprogramming in HCC ***,we have reviewed the general situation of the liver microenvironment and the physiological lipid metabolism in the liver,and highlighted the effects of different aspects of lipid metabolism on HCC metastasis to explore the underlying *** addition,we have recapitulated promising therapeutic strategies targeting lipid metabolism and the effects of lipid metabolic reprogramming on the efficacy of HCC systematical therapy,aiming to offer new perspectives for targeted therapy.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Invasion Metastasis Lipid metabolism Tumor microenvironment

Advancements in Barrett's esophagus detection:The role of artificial intelligence and its implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1494-1496页

作者： Sara Massironi Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune liver diseases Department of Medicine and SurgeryFondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriUniversity of Milano-BicoccaMonza 20900Italy

Artificial intelligence(AI)is making significant strides in revolutionizing the detection of Barrett's esophagus(BE),a precursor to esophageal *** the research article by Tsai et al,researchers utilized endoscopic images to train an AI model,challenging the traditional distinction between endoscopic and histological *** approach yielded remarkable results,with the AI system achieving an accuracy of 94.37%,sensitivity of 94.29%,and specificity of 94.44%.The study's extensive dataset enhances the AI model's practicality,offering valuable support to endoscopists by minimizing unnecessary ***,questions about the applicability to different endoscopic systems *** study underscores the potential of AI in BE detection while highlighting the need for further research to assess its adaptability to diverse clinical settings.

关键词： Barrett's esophagus Artificial intelligence Endoscopic images Artificial intelligence model Early cancer detection Endoscopy

Hepatitis B virus genotypes in precision medicine of hepatitis Brelated hepatocellular carcinoma:Where we are now

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： Caecilia H C Sukowati Sri Jayanti Turyadi Turyadi David H Muljono Claudio Tiribelli Eijkman research Center for Molecular Biology Research Organization for HealthNational Research and Innovation Agency of IndonesiaJakarta 10340Indonesia liver Cancer unit Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUSTrieste 34149Italy Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin UniversityMakassar 90245South SulawesiIndonesia Faculty of Medicine and Health University of SydneySydney 2050Australia

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a major player in chronic hepatitis B that may lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HBV genetics are diverse where it is classified into at least 9 genotypes(A to I)and 1 putative genotype(J),each with specific geographical distribution and possible different clinical outcomes in the *** diversity may be associated with the precision medicine for HBV-related HCC and the success of therapeutical approaches against HCC,related to different pathogenicity of the virus and host *** Editorial discusses recent updates on whether the classification of HBV genetic diversity is still valid in terms of viral oncogenicity to the HCC and its precision medicine,in addition to the recent advances in cellular and molecular biology technologies.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Genotypes Pathogenesis Precision medicine

Natural variables separate the endemic areas of Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini along a continuous, straight zone in Southeast Asia

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-13页

作者： Zheng Jin-Xin Zhu Hui-Hui Xia Shang Qian Men-Bao Nguyen Hung Manh Sripa Banchob Sayasone Somphou Khieu Virak Bergquist Robert Zhou Xiao-Nong School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China One Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University The University of Edinburgh Shanghai China National Institute of Parasitic diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical diseases research) NHC Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vectors Biology WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases Shanghai China Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources Graduate University of Science and Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hoang Quoc Viet Street Hanoi Vietnam WHO Collaborating Centre for research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian liver Fluke Disease) Tropical Disease Research Laboratory Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen University Mittraparb Road Khon Kaen Thailand Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute Ministry of Health Vientiane Lao PDR National Centre for Parasitology Entomology and Malaria Control Ministry of Health Phnom Penh Cambodia Ingerod Brastad Sweden (formerly at the UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases) World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland

Background Clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis, caused by the liver flukesClonorchis sinensis andOpisthorchis viverrini respectively, represent significant neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in Asia. The co-existence of these pathogens in overlapping regions complicates effective disease control strategies. This study aimed to clarify the distribution and interaction of these diseases within Southeast *** We systematically collated occurrence records of human clonorchiasis (n = 1809) and opisthorchiasis (n = 731) across the Southeast Asia countries. Utilizing species distribution models incorporating environmental and climatic data, coupled machine learning algorithms with boosted regression trees, we predicted and distinguished endemic areas for each fluke species. Machine learning techniques, including geospatial analysis, were employed to delineate the boundaries between these *** Our analysis revealed that the endemic range ofC. sinensis andO. viverrini in Southeast Asia primarily spans across part of China, Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia. During the period from 2000 to 2018, we identifiedC. sinensis infections in 84 distinct locations, predominantly in southern China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region) and northern Vietnam. In a stark contrast,O. viverrini was more widely distributed, with infections documented in 721 locations across Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. Critical environmental determinants were quantitatively analyzed, revealing annual mean temperatures ranging between 14 and 20 °C in clonorchiasis-endemic areas and 24–30 °C in opisthorchiasis regions (P liver flukes with AUC from 0.9 to1. The study in Vietnam delineates the coexistence and geographical boundaries ofC. sinensis andO. viverrini, revealing distinct endemic zones and a transitional area where both live

关键词： liver fluke Clonorchiasis Opisthorchiasis Clonorchis sinensis Opisthorchis viverrine Southeast Asia Machine learning Ecological study

Mitochondrial dysfunction: A promising therapeutic target for liver diseases

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Genes & diseases 2024年第3期11卷 324-337页

作者： Ping Chen Lichao Yao Mengqin Yuan Zheng Wang Qiuling Zhang Yingan Jiang Lanjuan Li Department of Infectious diseases Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430060China State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310003China

The liver is an important metabolic and detoxification organ and hence demands a large amount of energy,which is mainly produced by the *** tissues of pa-tients with alcohol-related or non-alcohol-related liver diseases contain ultrastructural mito-chondrial lesions,mitochondrial DNA damage,disturbed mitochondrial dynamics,and compromised ATP *** of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in-duces oxidative damage to mitochondrial proteins and mitochondrial DNA,decreases mito-chondrial membrane potential,triggers hepatocyte inflammation,and promotes programmed cell death,all of which impair liver *** DNA may be a poten-tial novel non-invasive biomarker of the risk of progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients infected with the hepatitis B *** herein present a review of the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of acute liver injury and chronic liver diseases,such as hepatocellular carcinoma,viral hepatitis,drug-induced liver injury,alcoholic liver disease,and non-alcoholic fatty liver *** review also discusses mito-chondrion-centric therapies for treating liver diseases.

关键词： Chronic diseases liverdamage Mesenchymalstem cell Mitochondrial dysfunction Oxidativestress

Hypertension and NAFLD risk:Insights from the NHANES 2017-2018 and Mendelian randomization analyses

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第4期137卷 457-464页

作者： Mengqin Yuan Jian He Xue Hu Lichao Yao Ping Chen Zheng Wang Pingji Liu Zhiyu Xiong Yingan Jiang Lanjuan Li Department of Infectious diseases Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430000China Department of Gastroenterology Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510010China State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious diseases National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310000China

Background:Hypertension and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)share several pathophysiologic risk factors,and the exact relationship between the two remains *** study aims to provide evidence concerning the relationship between hypertension and NAFLD by analyzing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)2017-2018 and Mendelian randomization(MR)***:Weighted multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was applied to assess the relationship between hypertension and NAFLD risk by using data from the NHANES ***,a two-sample MR study was performed using the genome-wide association study(GWAS)summary statistics to identify the causal association between hypertension,systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),and *** primary inverse variance weighted(IVW)and other supplementary MR approaches were conducted to verify the causal association between hypertension and *** analyses were adopted to confirm the robustness of the ***:A total of 3144 participants were enrolled for our observational study in *** multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis suggested that hypertension was positively related to NAFLD risk(odds ratio[OR]=1.677;95%confidence interval[CI],1.159-2.423).SBP≥130 mmHg and DBP≥80 mmHg were also significantly positively correlated with ***,hypertension was independently connected with liver steatosis(β=7.836[95%CI,2.334-13.338]).The results of MR analysis also supported a causal association between hypertension(OR=7.203[95%CI,2.297-22.587])and *** results were observed for the causal exploration between SBP(OR=1.024[95%CI,1.003-1.046]),DBP(OR=1.047[95%CI,1.005-1.090]),and *** sensitive analysis further confirmed the robustness and reliability of these findings(all P>0.05).Conclusion:Hypertension was associated with an increased risk of NAFLD.

关键词： Hypertension Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Mendelian randomization analysis Causality

Astragaloside IV Alleviates Acute liver Failure Induced by D-GalN/LPS by Upregulating Autophagy and Reducing Inflammation

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Infectious Microbes & diseases 2024年第1期6卷 20-28页

作者： Meng Hong Wenwen Lian Ying Yang Zhi Chen State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina

Acute liver failure(ALF)is a life-threatening condition that manifests in an extremely serious manner and progresses *** following study investigated the protective effect of astragaloside IV(AS-IV),a traditional Chinese drug,on ALF,and its underlying mechanisms,focusing on autophagy and inflammation *** were randomly divided into a saline group,a D-galactosamine and lipopolysac-charide(D-GalN/LPS)group and an AS-IV *** analysis,immunohistochemistry,cytometric bead array,high-throughput quantitative PCR,flow cytometry and Western analysis were used to assess inflammation and liver damage 5 hours after D-GalN/LPS *** IV treatment reduced mortality by alleviating D-GalN/LPS–induced hepatic damage and decreasing inflammation(decreasing Ly6c+monocyte levels,reducing inflammatory cytokines and increasing anti-inflammatory factors)as well as upregulating ***,PCR array was used to detect expression of autophagy-related genes,which demonstrated a Log2 fold change in gene expression between the AS-IV and D-GalN/LPS groups ranging from 1.19 to-3.53,with Tnfsf10 showing the largest alteration be-tween the two *** data suggest that AS-IV may alleviate ALF by upregulating autophagy and reducing inflammation,and it may therefore be an interesting drug for alleviating ALF.

关键词： astragaloside IV acute liver failure inflammation autophagy