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Autoimmune gastritis studies and gastric cancer: True renaissance or bibliometric illusion

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第32期30卷 3783-3790页

作者： Vasily Isakov Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology Federal Research Center of NutritionBiotechnology and Food SafetyMoscow 115446Russia

A bibliometric analysis of studies dedicated to autoimmune gastritis(AIG)recently published demonstrated a noteworthy surge in publications over the last three *** can be explained by numerous publications from different regions of the world reporting the results of several studies that stimulated reassessment of our view of AIG as a precancerous ***-up studies and retrospective analyses showed that the risk of gastric cancer(GC)in AIG patients is much lower than expected if the patients ever being infected with Helicobacter pylori(***)were *** low prevalence of precancerous lesions,such as the incomplete type of intestinal metaplasia,may explain the low risk of GC in AIG patients because the spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia commonly observed in AIG does not involve clonal reprogramming of the gastric gland and can be considered as an adaptive change rather than a true precancerous ***,changes in gastric secretion due to the progression of gastric atrophy during the course of AIG cause changes in the gastric microbiome,stimulating the growth of bacterial species such as streptococci,which may promote the development of precancerous lesions and ***,Streptococcus anginosus exhibited a robust proinflammatory response and induced the gastritis-atrophy-metaplasia-dysplasia sequence in mice,reproducing the wellestablished process for carcinogenesis associated with *** studies in ***-naïve patients evaluating gastric microbiome changes during the long-term course of AIG might provide an explanation for the enigmatic increase in GC incidence in the last decades in younger cohorts,which has been reported in economically developed countries.

关键词： Autoimmune gastritis Gastric cancer Type 1 neuroendocrine tumors Helicobacter pylori Streptococcus anginosus Intestinal metaplasia

Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Gastric Metastasis Mimicking a 4 cm Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor After a 3-year Disease-free Interval

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Journal of Clinical and Translational hepatology 2024年第2期12卷 218-221页

作者： Wei-Ting Chen Shiu-Feng Kathy Huang Ming-Ling Chang Yun-Fan Liaw Division of hepatology Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyChang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan Department of Medicine College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan Division of Molecular and Genomic Medicine National Health Research InstitutesMiaoli

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is an aggressive tumor that usually occurs in patients with chronic liver disease and *** resection is an optimal treatment for HCC,but the 5-year recurrence rates are significantly *** majority of recurrent HCCs occur through intrahepatic metastasis with local tumor progression,and less than 20%of recurrences are extrahepatic *** with gastric metastasis is extremely rare,and it is easily misdiagnosed as primary gastric cancer with liver *** 80-yearold male chronic hepatitis B virus carrier had received lamivudine and entecavir for years and was regularly followed up in the *** had a 3.5 cm solitary HCC with microvascular invasion and received curative surgical resection in *** 2013,he developed a 1.3 cm solitary HCC again and was treated with combination therapy with radiofrequency ablation and pure ethanol ***,he was followed every 3–6 months and was *** years later,in 2016,endoscopy for intermittent epigastralgia showed a solitary 4 cm intraluminal gastric subepithelial tumor without mucosal ulcers or erosions over the gastric *** imaging studies,including computed tomography,favored the diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST),but the pathology of the tumor proved to be *** patient did not receive any systemic anticancer therapy but only wedge resection of the stomach and remained tumor-and HCC-free until his latest clinic visit in *** current case is unique and indicates the possibility of HCC with late solitary gastric metastasis mimicking *** gastric tumor resection ensured an extremely good outcome for the patient,which is different from the devastating prognosis of most cases of HCC with gastric metastasis.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis B virus Gastric Gastrointestinal stromal tumor

Reactivation of hepatitis B virus infection – an important aspect of multifaceted problem

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第26期30卷 3193-3197页

作者： Sergey Morozov Sergey Batskikh Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionFederal Research Center of NutritionBiotechnology and Food SafetyMoscow 115446Russia Department of hepatology Moscow Clinical Scientific Center N.A.A.S.LoginovMoscow 111123Russia

In this editorial we comment on the article published in the recent issue of the W orld Journal of *** focus specifically on the problem of occult hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection,that is a result of previous hepatitis B(PHB)and a source for reactivation of *** prevalence of PHB is underestimated due to the lack of population testing ***,this condition not only com-plicate anticancer treatment,but may be responsible for the development of other diseases,like cancer or autoimmune *** we unveil possible mecha-nisms responsible for realization of these processes and suggest practical approa-ches for diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： Occult hepatitis B virus infection Hepatitis B virus reactivation Previous hepatitis B Cancer Autoimmune disorders

Management of autoimmune hepatitis induced by hepatitis delta virus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 799-805页

作者： Eleni Gigi Vasileios Lagopoulos Aris Liakos hepatology unit The Second Internal Medicine DepartmentAristotle University Medical SchoolHippokrateio General HospitalThessaloniki 54642Greece Department of Surgical AHEPA General Hospital of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54636Greece Clinical research and Evidence-Based Medicine unit Second Medical DepartmentHippokratio General HospitalAristotle University ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Approximately 12-72 million people worldwide are co-infected with hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis delta virus(HDV).This concurrent infection can lead to several severe outcomes with hepatic disease,such as cirrhosis,fulminant hepatitis,and hepatocellular carcinoma,being the most *** the past few decades,a correlation between viral hepatitis and autoimmune diseases has been ***,autoantibodies have been detected in the serum of patients co-infected with HBV/HDV,and autoimmune features have been ***,to date,very few cases of clinically significant autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)have been reported in patients with HDV infection,mainly in those who have received treatment with pegylated ***,there are some patients with HBV infection and AIH in whom HDV infection is unearthed after receiving treatment with ***,several questions remain unanswered with the challenge to distinguish whether it is autoimmune or“autoimmune-like”hepatitis being the most ***,it remains uncertain whether autoimmunity is induced by HBV or delta ***,we investigated whether the cause of AIH lies in the previous treatment of HDV with pegylated *** pressing issues should be elucidated to clarify whether new antiviral treatments for HDV,such as Bulevirtide or immu-nosuppressive drugs,are more appropriate for the management of patients with HDV and AIH.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Hepatitis delta virus Bulevirtide Prednisolone

Proteome profiling to advance management of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第1期13卷 147-149页

作者： Mohammed Eslam Nahum Méndez-Sánchez Ming-Hua Zheng Storr Liver Centre Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Liver research unit Medica Sur Clinic FoundationMexico CityMexico MAFLD research Center Department of HepatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina Institute of hepatology Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province WenzhouChina

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a complex,heterogenous and progressive disease that is characterised by substantial phenotypic variability,which results in disparate clinical presentations and outcomes(1-4).Notably,only a proportion of patients with MAFLD progress to the more advanced stages of the ***,the identification of the subgroups that have a high risk of disease progression is of paramount importance for clinical care,as well as drug development and clinical trials(5).

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD) fatty liver disease(FLD) fibrosis proteome biomarkers

Subnormal Serum Liver Enzyme Levels:A Review of Pathophysiology and Clinical Significance

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Journal of Clinical and Translational hepatology 2024年第4期12卷 428-435页

作者： Elham M.Youssef George Y.Wu Biochemistry Department National Research CenterCairoEgypt Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCTUSA

Subnormal levels of liver enzymes,below the lower limit of normal on local laboratory reports,can be useful *** instance,subnormal levels of aminotransferases can be observed in vitamin B6 deficiency and chronic kidney *** alkaline phosphatase levels may indicate the presence of hypophosphatasia,Wilson's disease,deficiencies of divalent ions,or *** levels of gamma glutamyl transferase may be seen in cases of acute intrahepatic cholestasis,the use of certain medications,and in bone ***,subnormal levels of 5'-nucleotidase have been reported in lead poisoning and nonspherocytic hemolytic *** aim of this review is to bring attention to the fact that subnormal levels of these enzymes should not be ignored as they may indicate pathological conditions and provide a means of early diagnosis.

关键词： Transaminases Vitamin B6 Celiac disease Renal insufficiency Hepatolenticular Degeneration Crohn disease Malnutrition Clofibrate Bone diseases Lead poisoning Anemia Hemolytic

Effects of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt on Renal and Pulmonary Function in Hepatic Decompensation with and without Hepatorenal and Hepatopulmonary Syndromes:A Review

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Journal of Clinical and Translational hepatology 2024年第9期12卷 780-791页

作者： Ahmed H.Abdelwahed Moataz Aboeldahb George Y.Wu Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCTUSA Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

Cirrhosis is often characterized by decreased liver function,ranging from a compensated,typically asymptomatic phase to a decompensated phase characterized by the appearance of ascites or variceal bleeding,and ultimately hepatorenal syndrome(HRS)or hepatopulmonary syndrome(HPS).The latter two complications are associated with a poor prognosis and limited treatment *** cases of ascites or variceal bleeding resistant to medical therapy,transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is effective and *** blood by TIPS diverts portal blood to the systemic circulation,potentially increasing systemic blood volume and benefiting renal ***,TIPS could also divert nitric oxide to the systemic circulation,potentially worsening systemic hypotension and perfusion,which could be detrimental to renal *** evidence indicates that TIPS often improves renal function in patients with portal hypertension,with or without *** studies have shown persistently decreased renal function after ***,these data are insufficient to support a recommendation for the use of TIPS specifically for *** patients without pre-existing HPS,TIPS does not appear to significantly affect pulmonary gas *** of TIPS in HPS have been inconsistent;some studies have shown improvement,but effects were *** studies have shown a persistent decline in pulmonary function after *** evidence supports the need for large randomized controlled trials to investigate the beneficial effects of TIPS for *** pulmonary function data are less clear regarding TIPS for *** aim of the current report was to review the literature regarding the effects of TIPS on renal and pulmonary function in hepatic decompensation,with or without the development of HRS or HPS.

关键词： Cirrhosis Hepatorenal syndrome Hepatopulmonary syndrome Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

Hypomethylation of glycine dehydrogenase promoter in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a new diagnostic marker of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 35-42页

作者： Li-Li Miao Jing-Wen Wang Hui-Hui Liu Shuai Gao Yu-Chen Fan Kai Wang Department of hepatology Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China Experimental Center Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250355China Institute of hepatology Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China

Background: Glycine dehydrogenase(GLDC) plays an important role in the initiation and proliferation of several human cancers. In this study, we aimed to detect the methylation status of GLDC promoter and its diagnostic value for hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma(HBV-HCC). Methods: We enrolled 197 patients, 111 with HBV-HCC, 51 with chronic hepatitis B(CHB), and 35 healthy controls(HCs). The methylation status of GLDC promoter in peripheral mononuclear cells(PBMCs) was identified by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction(MSP). The mRNA expression was examined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR). Results: The methylation frequency of the GLDC promoter was significantly lower in HBV-HCC patients(27.0%) compared to that in CHB patients(68.6%) and HCs(74.3%)( P < 0.001). The methylated group had lower alanine aminotransferase level( P = 0.035) and lower rates of tumor node metastasis(TNM) Ⅲ/Ⅳ( P = 0.043) and T3/T4( P = 0.026). TNM stage was identified to be an independent factor for GLDC promoter methylation. GLDC mRNA levels in CHB patients and HCs were significantly lower than those in HBV-HCC patients( P = 0.022 and P < 0.001, respectively). GLDC mRNA levels were significantly higher in HBV-HCC patients with unmethylated GLDC promoters than those with methylated GLDC promoters( P = 0.003). The diagnostic accuracy of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) combined with GLDC promoter methylation for HBV-HCC was improved compared with that of AFP alone(AUC: 0.782 vs. 0.630, P < 0.001). In addition, GLDC promoter methylation was an independent predictor for overall survival of HBV-HCC patients( P = 0.038). Conclusions: The methylation frequency of GLDC promoter was lower in PBMCs from HBV-HCC patients than that from patients with CHB and HCs. The combination of AFP and GLDC promoter hypomethylation significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy of HBV-HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Glycine dehydrogenase DNA methylation Peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease on the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第9期21卷 813-825页

作者： Jiaxin Han Wentao Kuai Liu Yang Xuemei Tao Yuekui Wang Minghui Zeng Yuqin Li Yuqiang Mi Ningning Zhang Wei Lu Liang Xu Clinical School of the Tianjin Second People's Hospital Tianjin Medical University Department of hepatology Tianjin Second People's Hospital Tianjin Institute of hepatology Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology Liver Cancer Center Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer

Objective: To investigate the impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD) on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)-based therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods: A total of 155 patients with CHB-related HCC who received ICI±based therapy(in the Department of hepatology, Tianjin Second People's Hospital and Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital) between April 2021 and December 2023 were *** were divided into two groups: MASLD concurrent with CHB [MASLD-CHB](n = 38), and CHB(n = 117).Results: The median progression-free survival(PFS, 6.9 months vs.9.3 months; P = 0.001), progressive disease(57.89% vs.37.61%; P = 0.028), and disease control rate(42.11% vs.62.39%; P = 0.028) in the MASLD-CHB group were significantly worse than the CHB *** median overall survival was not *** percentage of CD4+PD1+(17.56% vs.8.89%; P < 0.001) and CD8+PD1+ T cells(10.50% vs.7.42%; P = 0.005) in patient samples from the MASLD-CHB group were significantly higher than the CHB *** MASLD [hazard ratio(HR) = 1.921; 95% CI, 1.138±3.245; P = 0.015] and alpha-fetoprotein levels after 3 months of treatment(HR = 2.412; 95% CI, 1.360±4.279; P = 0.003) were independent risk factors for PFS in all ***: ICI-based therapy in patients with CHB-related HCC and concurrent MASLD resulted in poorer efficacy and shorter PFS compared to patients with CHB-related HCC alone.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease chronic hepatitis B efficacy hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy