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Investigating the Air Quality Parameters in Louisiana’s Industrial Corridor: A Baton Rouge Case Study

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第7期12卷 139-164页

作者： Oluwafemi Awolesi Peter G. Oni Oluwatoyin K. Adekoya Seyi B. Adekoya Oluwafeyikemi D. Ogunmusi Fatemeh Ghafari Abosede Oje Odunayo Lawal Department of Environmental sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA Department of Construction Management Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester USA Department of Water Resource Policy Grand Valley State University Grand Rapids USA Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology The University of New Mexico Albuquerque USA Department of Chemistry University of Louisiana Lafayette USA research & Development unit Ecoxygiene Services Limited Lagos Nigeria

In a local context, sustainable development entails utilizing the current resources—material and immaterial, measurable and immeasurable, popular and unpopular—of the community in a manner that avoids overexploitation and ensures intergenerational equity. This approach prioritizes the safety and health of local citizens, placing communal productivity above corporate profitability. This research aims to assess air quality surrounding 28 chemical industry sites in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to understand the environmental and health impacts of industrial pollutants, with a focus on environmental justice. Air quality pollutants, including PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, CO, and SO2, were monitored for 75 days during the Summer, using the BreezoMeter app. Python, Mapize, and QGIS software technologies were utilized for data analysis and visualization. Findings indicate a reduction in NO2 and CO levels, compared to existing literature. However, the persistent challenge of particulate matter suggests areas for further environmental management efforts. Additionally, the research suggests a significant disparity in air pollution exposure, probably affecting marginalized communities. Although the nature of the study might not fully capture annual pollution trends, the findings highlight the urgent need for the chemical industry to adopt efficient production methods and for policymakers to enhance air quality standards and enforcement, particularly in pollution-sensitive areas. The disproportionate impact of air pollution on vulnerable communities calls for a more inclusive approach to environmental justice, ensuring equitable distribution of clean air benefits and community involvement in pollution management decisions.

关键词： Air Quality Monitoring Chemical Industry Pollution Environmental Justice Health Implications Particulate Matter Case Study

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Targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9(PCSK9):from bench to bedside

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 509-557页

作者： Xuhui Bao Yongjun Liang Hanman Chang Tianji Cai Baijie Feng Konstantin Gordon Yuekun Zhu Hailian Shi Yundong He Liyi Xie Institute of Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines Fudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Oncology Fudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiChina Center for Clinical research Fudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiChina Clinical research Center for Cell-based Immunotherapy Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Pathology Duke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA Center for Medical research and Innovation Fudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiChina Institute for Food Safety and Health Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoILUSA Department of Sociology University of MacaoTaipaMacaoChina Medical Institute Peoples’Friendship University of RussiaMoscowRussia A.Tsyb Medical Radiological research Center ObninskRussia Department of Colorectal Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhangjiang Hi-tech ParkShanghaiChina Department of Radiation Oncology Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina Department of Oncology Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9(PCSK9)has evolved as a pivotal enzyme in lipid metabolism and a revolutionary therapeutic target for hypercholesterolemia and its related cardiovascular diseases(CVD).This comprehensive review delineates the intricate roles and wide-ranging implications of PCSK9,extending beyond CVD to emphasize its significance in diverse physiological and pathological states,including liver diseases,infectious diseases,autoimmune disorders,and notably,*** exploration offers insights into the interaction between PCSK9 and low-density lipoprotein receptors(LDLRs),elucidating its substantial impact on cholesterol homeostasis and cardiovascular *** also details the evolution of PCSK9-targeted therapies,translating foundational bench discoveries into bedside applications for optimized patient *** advent and clinical approval of innovative PCSK9 inhibitory therapies(PCSK9-iTs),including three monoclonal antibodies(Evolocumab,Alirocumab,and Tafolecimab)and one small interfering RNA(siRNA,Inclisiran),have marked a significant breakthrough in cardiovascular *** therapies have demonstrated unparalleled efficacy in mitigating hypercholesterolemia,reducing cardiovascular risks,and have showcased profound value in clinical applications,offering novel therapeutic avenues and a promising future in personalized medicine for cardiovascular ***,emerging research,inclusive of our findings,unveils PCSK9’s potential role as a pivotal indicator for cancer prognosis and its prospective application as a transformative target for cancer *** review also highlights PCSK9’s aberrant expression in various cancer forms,its association with cancer prognosis,and its crucial roles in carcinogenesis and cancer *** conclusion,this synthesized review integrates existing knowledge and novel insights on PCSK9,providing a holistic perspective on its transformative impact in reshaping therapeutic paradigms acr

关键词： PCSK9 metabolism convert

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Climatic and geographic factors affect ecosystem multifunctionality through biodiversity in the Tibetan alpine grasslands

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第8期14卷 1604-1614页

作者： PAN Ying WU Jun-xi LUO Li-ming TU Yan-li YU Cheng-qun ZHANG Xian-zhou MIAO Yan-jun ZHAO Yan YANG Jun-ling Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences Agricultural research Institute Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Sciences Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology Agricultural and animal husbandry College of Tibet University

Ecosystem multifunctionality(EMF), the simultaneous provision of multiple ecosystem functions, is often affected by biodiversity and environmental factors. We know little about how the interactions between biodiversity and environmental factors affect EMF. In this case study, a structural equation model was used to clarify climatic and geographic pathways that affect EMF by varying biodiversity in the Tibetan alpine grasslands. In addition to services related to carbon, nitrogen, and water cycling, forage supply, which is related to plantproductivity and palatability, was included in the EMF index. The results showed that 72% of the variation in EMF could be explained by biodiversity and other environmental factors. The ratio of palatable richness to all species richness explained 8.3% of the EMF variation. We found that air temperature, elevation, and latitude all affected EMF, but in different ways. Air temperature and elevation impacted the aboveground parts of the ecosystem, which included plant height, aboveground biomass, richness of palatable species, and ratio of palatable richness to all species richness. Latitude affected EMF by varying both aboveground and belowground parts of the ecosystem, which included palatable speciesrichness and belowground biomass. Our results indicated that there are still uncertainties in the biodiversity–EMF relationships related to the variable components of EMF, and climatic and geographic factors. Clarification of pathways that affect EMF using structural equation modeling techniques could elucidate the mechanisms by which environmental changes affect EMF.

关键词： Alpine grassland Biodiversity Structural equation model Tibetan Plateau

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Phytoremediation capacity of the hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum *** Solanum lycopersicum *** at the flowering stage in cadmium-polluted soil

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 676-680页

作者： Jibao JIA Huiping DAI Shuhe WEI Lidia SKUZA Jianming XUE Rong LI Quan SUN School of Agriculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021(China) School of Biological Science and Engineering Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhong 723001(China) Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016(China) Institute of Biology Centre for Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyUniversity of SzczecinSzczecin 71-415(Poland) New Zealand Forest research Institute(Scion) POB 29237Christchurch 8440(New Zealand)

Dear Editor,Remediation of cadmium(Cd)-contaminated soil is a popular topic in global environmental *** using hyperaccumulators or certain plants to accumulate and remove Cd from polluted soils is a promising *** et al.(2005)first described Solanum nigrum *** a Cd ***,various aspects of ***,including the protective effects on proline,physiological and biochemical responses,earthworms,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,and fertilizers and the intercropping with Solanum photeinocarpum,have been extensively studied(Xu et al.,2009;Khan et al.,2014;Wang et al.,2015;Tang et al.,2017;Yang et al.,2019).

关键词： soil cultivar cadmium

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Activation of glutamatergic neurons in the somatosensory cortex promotes remyelination in ischemic vascular dementia

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Fundamental research 2024年第1期4卷 188-198页

作者： Yi-Ting Zhou Da-Dao An Yi-Xin Xu Ying Zhou Qing-Qing Li Hai-Bin Dai Xiang-Nan Zhang Yi Wang Min Lou Zhong Chen Wei-Wei Hu Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China Department of Pharmacy Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalHangzhou 310012China Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Department of Neurology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang UniversitySchool of MedicineHangzhou 310003China

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion can cause progressive demyelination as well as ischemic vascular dementia,however no effective treatments are ***,based on magnetic resonance imaging studies of patients with white matter damage,we found that this damage is associated with disorganized cortical *** a mouse model,optogenetic activation of glutamatergic neurons in the somatosensory cortex significantly promoted oligodendrocyte progenitor cell(OPC)proliferation,remyelination in the corpus callosum,and recovery of cognitive ability after cerebral *** therapeutic effect of such stimulation was restricted to the upper layers of the cortex,but also spanned a wide time window after ***,enhancement of glutamatergic neuron-OPC functional synaptic connections is required to achieve the protection effect of activating cortical glutamatergic ***,skin stroking,an easier method to translate into clinical practice,activated the somatosensory cortex,thereby promoting OPC proliferation,remyelination and cognitive recovery following cerebral *** summary,we demonstrated that activating glutamatergic neurons in the somatosensory cortex promotes the proliferation of OPCs and remyelination to recover cognitive function after chronic cerebral *** should be noted that this activation may provide new approaches for treating ischemic vascular dementia via the precise regulation of glutamatergic neuron-OPC circuits.

关键词： Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion Optogenetic stimulation Oligodendrocyte progenitor cellIschemic vascular dementia Glutamatergic neuron Remyelination

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Correlations between serum kidney injury molecule-1,cystatin C and immunosuppressants:A cross-sectional study of renal transplant patients in Bahrain

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Journal of Biomedical research 2024年第3期38卷 269-277页

作者： Kannan Sridharan Shamik Shah Mona Al Hammad Fatima Ali Mohammed Sindhan Veeramuthu Mona Abdulla Taher Mustafa Mohamed Hammad Lamees Jawad Eman Farid Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine and Medical SciencesArabian Gulf UniversityManamaKingdom of Bahrain Department of Nephrology Salmaniya Medical ComplexManamaKingdom of Bahrain Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine and Medical SciencesArabian Gulf UniversityManamaKingdom of Bahrain Salmaniya Medical Complex ManamaKingdom of Bahrain Department of Laboratory Medicine Salmaniya Medical ComplexManamaKingdom of Bahrain Department of Microbiology Immunologyand Infectious DiseasesCollege of Medicine and Medical SciencesArabian Gulf UniversityManamaKingdom of Bahrain

Renal transplant patients receive several immunosuppressive drug regimens that are potentially nephrotoxic for *** creatinine is the standard for monitoring kidney function;however,cystatin C(Cys C)and kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1)have been found to indicate kidney injury earlier than serum creatinine and provide a better reflection of kidney ***,we assessed Cys C and KIM-1 serum levels in renal transplant patients receiving mycophenolate mofetil,tacrolimus,sirolimus,everolimus,or cyclosporine to evaluate kidney *** used both the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)2021 equation,which is based on creatinine and combined creatinine with Cys C,and the CKD-EPI 2012 equation,which is based on Cys C alone,to estimate glomerular filtration rate(GFR).Then,we assessed the association between serum KIM-1 and GFR<90 mL per minute per 1.73 *** observed significantly higher serum Cys C levels in patients with the elevated serum creatinine,compared with those with normal serum *** estimated GFRs based on creatinine were significantly higher than those based on the other equations,while a significant positive correlation was observed among all *** KIM-1 levels were negatively correlated with the estimated GFRs by the CKD-EPI Cys C and the combined creatinine with Cys C equations.A serum KIM-1 level above 0.71 ng/mL is likely to indicate GFR<90 mL per minute per 1.73 *** observed a significant correlation between serum creatinine and Cys C in our renal transplant ***,serum KIM-1 may be used to monitor renal function when using potentially nephrotoxic drugs in renal transplants.

关键词： KIM-1 cystatin C mycophenolate mofetil tacrolimus everolimus sirolimus cyclosporine

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Are the Green TBTs a Stimulus or a Trap for Enterprises’Green Technology Development?

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China Finance and Economic Review 2024年第2期13卷 26-45页

作者： Ting Lu Qiyuan Xu Chinese Academy of Social sciences(CASS)

Green trade barriers are often seen as a catalyst that promotes exporting countries to develop green ***,by distinguishing the green technology behavior of enterprises into green technology transformation and green technology innovation,this paper finds that although green trade barriers can encourage enterprises in exporting countries to increase investment in green technology transformation in order to obtain rapid market access,they crowd out the resources of green technology innovation of *** other words,green trade barriers will strengthen enterprises’dependence on the introduction of green technologies,weaken their innovation capabilities,and increase the risk of being locked in the middle of the global industrial chain,creating a trap *** the data of enterprises in the heavily polluting industry of A-shares from 2009 to 2021,this paper confirms the existence of the trap *** addition,this paper finds that due to the infl uence of short-sightedness of managers,alleviating corporate financing constraints can enhance the promotion effect of green trade barriers on the green technological transformation of enterprises,but cannot reduce its inhibiting effect on green technology *** study also finds that even if the time window is extended to the medium and long term,green trade barriers cannot have a significant positive impact on enterprises’green technology ***,the government should not overestimate the role of green trade barriers in encouraging green development and green technology innovation,nor should it rely too much on loose financing *** contrast,government should formulate targeted industrial policies to help enterprises overcome green trade barriers through technological innovation.

关键词： green TBTs trap effect green technology innovation reconstruction of GVCs

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Development of a Web-Based GIS of Flood Zones in the Municipality of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2024年第1期16卷 32-43页

作者： Halidou Kafando Blaise Ouedraogo Vincent Nduka Ojeh Andreas Rienow Aliou Gadiaga Ibrahim Elh Maman Garba WASCAL Graduate research Programme on Climate Change and Education Department of Agriculture and Environment Science University of The Gambia Kanifing The Gambia Institute of Environment and Agricultural research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Geography Faculty of Social Sciences Taraba State University Jalingo Nigeria Interdisciplinary Geographic Information Science Institute of Geography Ruhr-University Bochum Bochum Germany WASCAL Graduate research Programme on Climate Change and Human Habitat University of Mina Mina Nigeria

This document describes the creation of an informative Web GIS aimed at mitigating the impacts of flooding in the municipality of Ouagadougou, in Burkina Faso, a region that is highly sensitive to climate change. Burkina Faso, which is undergoing rapid urbanization, faces major natural threats, particularly flooding, as demonstrated by the severe floods of 2009 that caused loss of life, injury, structural damage and economic losses in Ouagadougou. The aim of this research is to develop a web map highlighting the municipality’s flood-prone areas, with a view to informing and raising awareness of flood risk reduction. Using the Leaflet JavaScript mapping library, the study uses HTML, CSS and JavaScript to implement web mapping technology. Data on Ouagadougou’s flood zones is generated by a multi-criteria analysis combining Saaty’s AHP method and GIS in QGIS, integrating seven (7) parameters including hydrography, altitude, slope, rainfall, soil types, land use and soil moisture index. QGIS processes and maps the themes, PostgreSQL with PostGIS serves as the DBMS and GeoServer functions as the map server. The Web GIS platform allows users to visualize the different flood risks, from very low to very high, or the high-risk areas specific to Ouagadougou. The AHP calculations classify the municipality into five flood vulnerability zones: very low (24.48%), low (27.93%), medium (23.01%), high (17.11%) and very high (7.47%). Effective risk management requires communication and awareness-raising. This online mapping application serves as a tool for communication, management and flood prevention in Ouagadougou, helping to mitigate flood-related natural disasters.

关键词： Web GIS Flood Mapping Leaflet JavaScript Mapping Library Analysis Hierarchical Processes (AHP) Climate Change Adaptation Ouagadougou Municipality

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Improved lightweight road damage detection based on YOLOV5

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年

作者： LIU Chang SUN Yu CHEN Jin YANG Jing WANG Fengchao College of sciences Shanghai Institute of Technology

There is a problem of real-time detection difficulty in road surface damage detection. This paper proposes an improved lightweight model called GRC-YOLOv5s based on You Only Look Once Version5 (YOLOV5). Firstly， this paper fully utilized the convolutional neural network (CNN) + ghosting bottleneck (G＿bneck) architecture to reduce redundant feature maps. Afterwards， we upgraded the original upsampling algorithm to Content Aware Feature Recombination (CARAFE) and increased the receptive field. Finally， we replaced the Spatial Pyramid Pooling Fast (SPPF) module with the Basic Receptive Field Block (BasicRFB) pooling module and added dilated convolution. After comparative experiments， we can see that the number of parameters and model size of the improved algorithm in this paper have been reduced by nearly half compared to the YOLOv5s， the frame rate per second (FPS) has been increased by 3.25 times. The mean average precision(mAP@0.5～0.95) has increased by 8-17 percentage points compared to other lightweight algorithms.

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兼具可打印性及生物相容性的水凝胶用于无残留打印高通量的患者来源类器官生物芯片（英文）

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Science China Materials 2024年

作者：谢岱希陈炳达薛勇敢孙志远宁伯彬张泽英迟基梅苏萌宋延林 Key Laboratory of Green Printing Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) University of Chinese Academy of sciences Department of General Surgery The First Medical Centre Chinese PLA General Hospital School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University

类器官生物芯片可以模拟真实人体器官的微环境和功能特征,为疾病建模和药物筛选提供了新的平台.但传统手工培养类器官及构建生物芯片的方法通常过程复杂、成本高且耗时(至少一个月),极大地阻碍了其实际应用.本研究介绍了一种基于微针的...

类器官生物芯片可以模拟真实人体器官的微环境和功能特征,为疾病建模和药物筛选提供了新的平台.但传统手工培养类器官及构建生物芯片的方法通常过程复杂、成本高且耗时(至少一个月),极大地阻碍了其实际应用.本研究介绍了一种基于微针的气动打印策略,可以实现高效无残留的患者来源类器官生物芯片构建.通过开发可打印的仿生水凝胶,肿瘤活检样本可以被高效地处理成生物墨水,培养过程中细胞存活率高达92%.使用微针进行打印,生物墨水利用率超过90%,可以高效地构建类器官生物芯片并用于药物测试,在一周内给出个性化的药物筛选信息.通过微打印策略和仿生水凝胶,细胞的利用率和类器官芯片的构建效率可以有效提高,为精准医学提供了新的途径.

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