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Adsorption of single and mixed haloacetonitriles on silica-based porous materials: Mechanisms and effects of porous structures

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第5期31卷 346-360页

作者： Panida Prarat Chawalit Ngamcharussrivichai Sutha Khaodhiar Patiparn Punyapalakul International Postgraduate programs in Hazardous Substance and Environmental Management Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM) Chulalongkorn University Department of Chemical Technology Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University The Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology (PETROMAT) Chulalongkorn University Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University research unit Control of Emerging Micropollutants in Environment Chulalongkorn University research Network of NANOTEC - CU on Environment

Adsorption mechanisms and the role of different porous and crystalline structures on the removal of five haloacetonitriles(HANs) over hexagonal mesoporous silica(HMS), titanium substituted mesoporous silica(Ti-HMS), rod-shaped SBA-15 and microporous zeolite Na Y were investigated. In addition, the effect of p H on adsorption mechanism and selective adsorption of five HANs individually and in an equimolar mixed solution were evaluated.The results indicated that the intraparticle diffusion rate constants of the mesoporous adsorbents were higher than that of the microporous Na Y. In single solute, the order of adsorption preference(highest to lowest) was mono-HANs > di-HANs > tri-HAN. However,in mixed solute, the large molecular weight of the tri-HAN and di-HANs are more easily adsorbed than the smaller molecular weight mono-HANs. Except for SBA-15, the order of adsorption capacities in mixed HANs solute was not different compared to that observed for the single HAN solute, which might be caused by the higher accessibility to the active sites due to larger pore size. The ion-dipole electrostatic interaction was likely to be the main adsorption mechanism, and was favored at high p H values due to the high negative surface charge density of the adsorbent. The molecular structure of the HANs and hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature affected the adsorption capacities and their selective adsorption from mixed solutes.

关键词： Haloacetonitrile Adsorption mechanism Porous structure Ion-dipole electrostatic interaction Hydrophilicity

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Evaluation of maize inbred lines and topcross progeny for resistance to pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination

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The Crop Journal 2019年第1期7卷 118-125页

作者： Jake C.Fountain Hamed K.Abbas Brian T.Scully Hong Li Robert D.Lee Robert C.Kemerait Baozhu Guo USDA-ARS Crop Protection and Management research unit Department of Plant Pathology University of Georgia USDA-ARS Biological Control of Pests research unit USDA-ARS National Horticultural research Laboratory Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Millet Research Institute Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of Georgia

Pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination occurs in maize following kernel colonization by Aspergillus flavus. Aflatoxin contamination resistance is a highly desired trait in maize breeding programs.The identification of novel sources of resistance to pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination is a major focus in germplasm screening efforts. Here, we performed a field evaluation of 64 inbred lines over two years for pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination. Topcrosses were also performed with two testers, B73 and Mo17, to generate 128 F1 hybrids which were also evaluated over two years. Hybrid performance was used to calculate both general combining ability(GCA) of the inbreds, and observed heterosis for aflatoxin resistance. Over both years of the study, aflatoxin concentrations ranged from 80 ± 47 to 17,617 ± 8816 μg kg^(-1) for inbreds, and from 58 ± 39 to 2771 ± 780 μg kg^(-1) for hybrids with significant variation between years and lines. The inbred lines CML52, CML69, CML247, GT-603, GEMS-0005, Hi63, Hp301, and M37 W showed programs.

关键词： Aspergillus flavus Pre-harvest Aflatoxin Maize Topcross

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Quality control of the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) over 45 generations of rearing on Sitotroga cerealella

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Insect Science 2021年第1期28卷 180-190页

作者： Ehsan Ghaemmaghami Yaghoub Fathipour Abdoolnabi Bagheri Ali Asghar Talebi Gadi V.P.Reddy Department of Entomology Faculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Plant Protection research Department Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education CenterAgricultural Research Education and Extension Organization(AREEO)Bandar AbbasIran USDA-ARS-Southern Insect Pest Management research unit StonevilleMississippiUSA

Trichogramma brassicae(Bezdenko)is an important biological control agent that has been used widely against many lepidopteran pests.Commonly,colonies of Trichogramma are mass reared on factitious hosts such as Sitotroga cerealella(Olivier)over many generations.In this study,we evaluated the quality and performance of a colony of T.brassicae that had been reared for over 45 generations(G)using two-sex life table parameters and parasitism capacity.We found that female adult longevity was significantly different among sequential generations,ranging from 5.58±2.5 d(at G5)to 3.75±1.42 d(at G45).However,no significant difference was found in male adult longevity among different generations.Although female wasps survived longer until the 15th gener・ation,they allocated more days for egg laying at G5 and GIO.The highest values of gross reproductive rate(GRR),net reproductive rate(7.),intrinsic rate of increase(r),finite rate of increase(λ)and mean generation time(T)were found in G5 and GIO,which also showed significantly higher cq.No significant difference in the finite parasitism rate(co)was found among generations up to G15.These results suggest that T.brassicae wasps held under continuous laboratory rearing can be used successfully in biological control programs until the 15th generation without any loss of quality or performance.However,laboratory mass rearing colonies declined in quality after 15 generations and we suggest that they should be rejuvenated regularly by adding field-collected parasitoids periodically.

关键词： biological control generation-dependent demography mass rearing parasitism rate Trichogramma brassicae

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Characterization of Rsg2.a3:A new greenbug resistance allele at the Rsg2 locus from wild barley(Hordeum vulgare ssp.spontaneum)

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The Crop Journal 2022年第6期10卷 1727-1732页

作者： Xiangyang Xu Dolores Mornhinweg Amy Bernardo Genqiao Li Ruolin Bian Brian J.Steffenson Guihua Bai USDA-ARS Wheat Peanutand Other Field Crop Research UnitStillwaterOK 74075USA USDA-ARS Hard Winter Wheat Genetics research unit ManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Plant Pathology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Plant Pathology University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA

Greenbug(Schizaphis graminum Rondani)is a destructive insect pest that not only damages plants,but also serves as a vector for many viruses.Host plant resistance is the preferred strategy for managing greenbug.Two greenbug resistance genes,Rsg1 and Rsg2,have been reported in barley.To breed cultivars with effective resistance against various greenbug biotypes,additional resistance genes are urgently needed to sustain barley production.Wild barley accession WBDC053(PI 681777)was previously found to be resistant to several greenbug biotypes.In this study,a recombinant inbred line(RIL)population derived from Weskan×WBDC053 was evaluated for response to two greenbug biotypes(E and TX1)and genotyped using genotyping by sequencing(GBS).A set of 3347 high quality GBS-derived single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were then used to map the greenbug resistance gene in this wild barley accession.Linkage analysis placed the greenbug resistance gene in a 2.35 Mb interval(0-2,354,645 bp)in the terminal region of the short arm of chromosome 2H.This interval harbors 15 genes with leucine-rich-repeat(LRR)protein domains.An allelism test indicated that the greenbug resistance gene in WBDC053,designated Rsg2.a3,is likely allelic or closely linked to Rsg2.GBS-SNPs 2H_1318811and 2H_1839499 co-segregating with Rsg2.a3 in the RIL population were converted to Kompetitive allele specific PCR(KASP)markers KASP-Rsg2.a3-1 and KASP-Rsg2.a3-2,respectively.The two KASP markers can be used to select Rsg2.a3 and have the potential to tag Rsg2 in barley improvement programs.

关键词： Barley Greenbug resistance gene KASP markers Genotyping by sequencing Linkage mapping

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Implementation of the Active TB Case Finding in Nigeria;Processes, Lessons Learnt and Recommendations

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Journal of Tuberculosis research 2018年第1期6卷 10-18页

作者： Oluremilekun Comfort Kusimo Richard Olukolade Queen Ogbuji John Osho Adeyinka Onikan Abiodun Hassan Oladapo Alabi Ladipo Oladipo Owoyomi Joseph Bakare Simeon Onyemaechi Adebola Lawanson programs unit Association for Reproductive and Family Health Abuja Nigeria programs unit Health Alive Foundation Ilorin Nigeria Department of Public Health National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme Abuja Nigeria

Introduction: Tuberculosis remains a major public health issue in Nigeria with the country ranking seventh among the 30 high TB burden countries. Nigeria is among the three countries that account for half of the 4.3 million “missing” TB cases globally. One untreated TB case is able to infect about 10 - 20 people annually. Hence, it is pertinent that TB is controlled effectively through the use of active case finding strategies to find the missing TB cases. Objective: This article highlights the best practices and key lessons learnt during the implementation of the active house to house TB case finding strategy in Nigeria. Lessons Learnt and Recommendations: Strategic community engagement, massive awareness creation using mass media and local means of communication, mapping of locations where registered TB cases live, to inform home visits for contact tracing and strengthening of laboratory systems, are viable mechanisms to improve TB case finding. Conclusion: Active TB case finding interventions should be implemented in the context of a strengthened diagnostics system, strategic community engagement and media involvement.

关键词： Active Case Finding Tuberculosis Lessons Learnt Community Engagement

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Evaluation of maize inbred lines for resistance to pre-harvest aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination in the field

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The Crop Journal 2017年第3期5卷 259-264页

作者： Baozhu Guo Xiangyun Ji Xinzhi Ni Jake C.Fountain Hong Li Hamed K.Abbas Robert D.Lee Brian T.Scully united States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural research Service(USDA-ARS) Crop Protection and Management Research UnitTiftonGAUnited States The University of Georgia Department of Plant PathologyTiftonGAUnited States Ecological Environment Protection research Institute Shanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghaiChina USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research UnitTiftonGAUnited States Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Millet Research InstituteChangzhiChina USDA-ARS Biological Control of Pests Research UnitStonevilleMSUnited States The University of Georgia Department of Crop and Soil SciencesTiftonGAUnited States USDA-ARS U.S.Horticultural Research LaboratoryFort PierceFLUnited States

Two important mycotoxins, aflatoxin and fumonisin, are among the most potent naturally occurring carcinogens, contaminating maize(Zea mays) and affecting crop yield and quality.Resistance of maize to pre-harvest mycotoxin contamination, specifically aflatoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and fumonisin produced by Fusarium verticillioides, is a goal in breeding programs that screen for these important traits with the aim of developing resistant commercial hybrids. We conducted two years of field evaluations on 87 inbred lines originating primarily in China and Mexico and not previously screened for resistance.The objectives of our study were to identify resistant germplasm for breeding purposes and to examine possible relationships between resistances to the two mycotoxins. Aflatoxin and fumonisin were present in samples harvested from all lines in both years.Concentrations of total aflatoxin ranged from 52.00 ± 20.00 to 1524.00 ± 396.00 μg kg^(-1),while those of fumonisin ranged from 0.60 ± 0.06 to 124.00 ± 19.50 mg kg^(-1). The inbred lines TUN15, TUN61, TUN37, CY2, and TUN49 showed the lowest aflatoxin accumulation and CN1, GT601, TUN09, TUN61, and MP717 the lowest fumonisin accumulation. TUN61 showed the lowest accumulation of both mycotoxins. This study confirmed previous observations that high levels of aflatoxin can coexist with fumonisin, with 55 maize lines showing a positive correlation coefficient between the concentrations of aflatoxin and fumonisin and 32 lines showing a negative correlation coefficient. These selected lines,particularly TUN61, may provide sources of resistance to mycotoxin contamination in breeding programs. However, the mechanism of resistance in this germplasm remains to be identified. Future research should also address factors that influence the fungus–plant interaction, such as herbivory and environmental stress.

关键词： Aflatoxin Fumonisin Inbredline Maize Mycotoxin

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How to avoid overtreatment of benign colorectal lesions:Rationale for an evidence-based management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第47期28卷 6619-6631页

作者： Marco Bustamante-Balén Gastrointestinal Endoscopy unit Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Research GroupHospital Universitari Ⅰ Politècnic La FeHealth Research Institute Hospital La Fe(ⅡSLaFe)Valencia 46026Spain

Implementing population-based screening programs for colorectal cancer has led to an increase in the detection of large but benign histological lesions.Currently,endoscopic mucosal resection can be considered the standard technique for the removal of benign lesions of the colon due to its excellent safety profile and good clinical results.However,several studies from different geographic areas agree that many benign colon lesions are still referred for surgery.Moreover,the referral rate to surgery is not decreasing over the years,despite the theoretical improvement of endoscopic resection techniques.This article will review the leading causes for benign colorectal lesions to be referred for surgery and the influence of the endoscopist experience on the referral rate.It will also describe how to categorize a polyp as complex for resection and consider an endoscopist as an expert in endoscopic resection.And finally,we will propose a framework for the accurate and evidence-based treatment of complex benign colorectal lesions.

关键词： Colorectal polyps Endoscopic mucosal resection Colorectal surgery

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Challenges and recommendations when selecting empirical antibiotics in patients with cirrhosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第3期15卷 377-385页

作者： Melisa Dirchwolf Gonzalo Gomez Perdiguero Ingrid Mc Grech Sebastian Marciano Liver unit Hospital Privado de RosarioRosario 2000Santa FeArgentina iver unit Hospital Italiano de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires 1181Argentina Liver unit and Department of research Hospital Italiano de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires 1181Argentina

There is abundant evidence that bacterial infections are severe complications in patients with cirrhosis,being the most frequent trigger of acute-on-chronic liver failure and causing death in one of every four patients during hospitalization.For these reasons,early diagnosis and effective treatment of infections are mandatory to improve patient outcomes.However,treating physicians are challenged in daily practice since diagnosing bacterial infections is not always straightforward.This situation might lead to delayed antibiotic initiation or prescription of ineffective regimens,which are associated with poor outcomes.On the other hand,prescribing broad-spectrum antibiotics to all patients suspected of bacterial infections might favor bacterial resistance development.This is a significant concern given the alarming number of infections caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms worldwide.Therefore,it is paramount to know the local epidemiology to propose tailored guidelines for empirical antibiotic selection in patients with cirrhosis in whom bacterial infections are suspected or confirmed.In this article,we will revise current knowledge in this area and highlight the importance of surveillance programs.

关键词： Bacterial infections Cirrhosis Multidrug resistance Antibiotic prophylaxis Antibiotic stewardship

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发达国家应战外来入侵生物的成功方法

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江西农业大学学报 2010年第5期32卷 1040-1055页

作者：吴金泉 Michael T.Smith Dept.Entomology & Applied Ecology University of Delaware USDA-Agricultural research Service Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Unit

生物入侵越来越严重地威胁着全球的自然资源和生物多样性。为了阻止生物入侵,发达国家采用了多种办法,系统地处理整个入侵过程,其中包括入侵生物的引进,建立种群,传播和归化。本文通过美国、加拿大、新西兰、英国和澳大利亚等发达国家... 详细信息

生物入侵越来越严重地威胁着全球的自然资源和生物多样性。为了阻止生物入侵,发达国家采用了多种办法,系统地处理整个入侵过程,其中包括入侵生物的引进,建立种群,传播和归化。本文通过美国、加拿大、新西兰、英国和澳大利亚等发达国家的成功例子,讨论了生物入侵管理项目中可采用的主要方法,其中包括防止,早期发现和快速反应,灭除,包围、压制和防治。立法能很大程度地防止外来物种的入境,立法主要是针对入侵途径和入境口岸的风险评估。在过去二十年中,立法速度显著加快,立法内容也越来越侧重于单一物种或某一类物种。成功的早期发现和快速反应很大程度取决于公众教育和宣传,研究和检测技术的发展。对新引入的外来物种作出快速反应,特别是当它在较低的种群水平下,是防止它建立种群,扩散和归化的关键。美国对柑桔星天牛的早期发现和快速反应(Anoplophora chinesis)为灭除项目的一种方法及其结果提供了例证。然而,比较和对比不同柑桔星天牛的灭除方案,对其他发达国家和发展中国家制订灭除方案是至关重要的。对于一个特定的入侵生物,灭除方案的前景也取决于其生殖能力,寄主范围,传播速度,在低种群密度下是否有有效的检测方法和对有效的防治方法的敏感性等生物学特性。此外,成功的灭除措施和标准在种内和种间都存在很大的差异,它们也随着危害程度,政治和法律约束的不同而变化[比如光肩星天牛(glabripennis)]。如果一个外来入侵物种没有被成功地栏截,并已在广泛的领域建立起了种群,从而使灭除变得不可行,那么重点就应该转移到包围、压制和防治的策略上。虽然这些策略利用了很多与灭除策略相同的方法(例如调查和诊断,机械方法,化学方法,生物防治),但综合管理方案是最有效的方法。夏威夷果蝇[比如地中海果蝇(Ceratitis capitata)、瓜实蝇(Bactrocera cucurbitae)、东方果实蝇(Bactrocera dorsalis)、马来西亚果蝇(Bactrocera latifrons)]的治理代表了一个独特的综合利用这些方法的例子。本文讨论的治理外来入侵生物的方法可作为适应性管理的模型,修改后可以满足发展中国家的需要。

关键词：发达国家入侵生物成功经验立法防止早期发现和快速反应灭除包围压制和防治综合治理方案

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Carbonic anhydrase enzymes Ⅱ, Ⅶ, Ⅸ and Ⅻ in colorectal carcinomas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第36期22卷 8168-8177页

作者： Pia Viikil? Antti J Kivel? Harri Mustonen Selja Koskensalo Abdul Waheed William S Sly Jaromir Pastorek Silvia Pastorekova Seppo Parkkila Caj Haglund School of Medicine University of Tampere and Fimlab Ltd Tampere University Hospital Department of Surgery University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Saint Louis University School of Medicine Centre of Molecular Medicine Institute of Virology Slovak Academy of Sciences Research Programs Unit Translational Cancer Biology University of Helsinki

AIM To investigate expression of four alpha-carbonic anhydrases(CAs) in colorectal carcinomas(CRC) and compare the results with patients' survival.METHODS Colorectal carcinoma samples from 539 CRC patients and control tissues were arranged as tissue microarrays and analyzed with antibodies against CA Ⅱ, CA Ⅶ, CA Ⅸ, and CA Ⅻ. Intensity and extent of staining were both scored from 0 to 3 in each sample. These enzyme expression levels were then correlated to patients' survival and clinicopathological parameters, which were tumor differentiation grade and stage, site of tumor, patients' age, and gender. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression hazard ratio model were used to analyze survival data. RESULTS CA Ⅱ and CA Ⅻ staining intensities correlated with patients' survival in that higher expression indicated poorer prognosis. In Cox regression analysis one unit increase in the CA Ⅱ intensity increased the hazard ratio to 1.19 fold(CI: 1.04-1.37, P = 0.009). A significant correlation was also found when comparing CA Ⅻ staining intensity with survival of CRC patients(HR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.01-1.38, P = 0.036). The extent of CA Ⅻ immunostaining did not correlate to the patients' survival(P = 0.242, Kaplan-Meier analysis). A significant interaction between age group and extent of the CA Ⅱ staining was found. Increased extent of CA Ⅱ had a significant hazard ratio among patients 65 years and older(1.42, 95%CI: 1.16-1.73, P = 0.0006). No correlations were found between CA Ⅶ(intensity P = 0.566, extent P = 0.495, Kaplan-Meier analysis), or CA Ⅸ(intensity P = 0.879, extent P = 0.315, KaplanMeier analysis) immunostaining results and survival, or the other parameters. CONCLUSION The present findings indicate that CA Ⅱ and CA Ⅻ could be useful in predicting survival in CRC.

关键词： Biomarker Carbonic anhydrase Colorectal cancer Immunohistochemistry Prognosis Survival

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