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Activation and polarization of striatal microglia and astrocytes are involved in bradykinesia and allodynia in early-stage parkinsonian mice

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Fundamental research 2024年第4期4卷 806-819页

作者： Xue Zhang Zi-Lin Shen Ya-Wei Ji Cui Yin Cheng Xiao Chunyi Zhou Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of anesthesiology School of AnesthesiologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004China Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004China NMPA Key Laboratory for research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs School of AnesthesiologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004China

In addition to the cardinal motor symptoms,pain is a major non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease(PD).Neuroinflammation in the substantia nigra pars compacta and dorsal striatum is involved in neurodegeneration in *** the polarization of microglia and astrocytes in the dorsal striatum and their contribution to motor deficits and hyperalgesia in PD have not been *** the present study,we observed that hemiparkinsonian mice established by unilateral 6-OHDA injection in the medial forebrain bundle exhibited motor deficits and mechanical *** these mice,both microglia and astrocytes in the dorsal striatum were activated and polarized to M1/M2 microglia and A1/A2 astrocytes as genes specific to these cells were *** effects peaked 7 days after 6-OHDA ***,striatal astrocytes in parkinsonian mice also displayed hyperpolarized membrane potentials,enhanced voltage-gated potassium currents,and dysfunction in inwardly rectifying potassium channels and glutamate *** administration of minocycline,a microglia inhibitor,attenuated the expression of genes specific to M1 microglia and A1 astrocytes in the dorsal striatum(but not those specific to M2 microglia and A2 astrocytes),attenuated the damage in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system,and alleviated the motor deficits and mechanical allodynia in parkinsonian *** contrast,local administration of minocycline into the dorsal striatum of parkinsonian mice mitigated only *** study suggests that M1 microglia and A1 astrocytes in the dorsal striatum may play important roles in the development of pathophysiology underlying hyperalgesia in the early stages of PD.

关键词： Parkinson's disease Dopaminergic system Striatum Microglia Astrocytes Substantia nigra pars compacta

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Large-scale Discrete Element Modelling of In-situ Direct Shear and Plate Load Tests on Granular Soils

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Zhichun Lu Shan Dong Guodong Liu Marcos Arroyo Xingwei Ren China University of Geosciences associate professor， China University of Geosciences Changjiang Institute of Survey，Planning， Design and research Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya (UPC)

This study unveils a novel and potentially economical particulate discrete element modeling (DEM) technique for large-scale simulation of in-situ direct shear tests (DST) and plate load tests， aimed at accurately determining the shear strength and bearing capacity of granular soil foundations， and exploring the key factors influencing these properties. To overcome the limitations associated with the oversimplification of particle shapes， this work introduces an innovative contact model based on the Hertz contact mechanism that incorporates rolling resistance， enhancing the model’s ability to simulate realistic particle interactions. Guided by Prandtl’s foundation bearing-capacity theory， the dimensions of the foundation model for the DST and plate load tests were meticulously calculated to reflect realistic conditions. DEM simulations showed the peak friction angle from in-situ DST to be consistently lower than laboratory DST， due to a smaller dilatation angle， while proposed loading methods for plate load tests established linear relationships between the foundation’s ultimate bearing capacity and its dimensions， also defining the capacity envelope. Crucially， this study highlights a crucial finding: in-situ direct shear tests (DST) conducted under high normal stress may lead to foundation failure， indicating that excessive normal stress should be avoided to ensure the accuracy of in-situ shear test data and its subsequent applicability in engineering design.

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Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on postoperative sleep disturbance in older patients undergoing lower limb major arthroplasty:a prospective,double-blind,pilot,randomised controlled trial

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General Psychiatry 2024年第2期37卷 224-233页

作者： Jie Yang Mingshu Tao Rongguang Liu Jiaxing Fang Chunyan Li Dexian Chen Qi Wei Xingyu Xiong Wenxin Zhao Wen Tan Yuan Han Hongxing Zhang He Liu Song Zhang Junli Cao Department of anesthesiology The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina Department of anesthesiology Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine&Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Sichuan ProvinceChengduSichuanChina NMPA Key Laboratory for research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs&Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of anesthesiology&Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Applied Technology of Anesthesia and Analgesia Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina Department of anesthesiology Eye&ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of anesthesiology&Clinical research Center for Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine&Huzhou Key Laboratory of Basic research and Clinical Translation for Neuromodulation The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University||Huzhou Central Hospital||The Affiliated Huzhou HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine||Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou UniversityHuzhouZhejiangChina Department of anesthesiology Renji Hospital School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Background Postoperative sleep disturbance(PSD)is a common and serious postoperative complication and is associated with poor postoperative *** This study aimed to investigate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)on PSD in older patients undergoing lower limb major *** In this prospective,double-blind,pilot,randomised,sham-controlled trial,patients 65 years and over undergoing lower limb major arthroplasty were randomly assigned to receive active tDCS(a-tDCS)or sham tDCS(s-tDCS).The primary outcomes were the objective sleep measures on postoperative nights(N)1 and *** 116 inpatients were assessed for eligibility,and a total of 92 patients were enrolled;47 received a-tDCS and 45 received *** improved PSD by altering the following sleep measures in the a-tDCS and s-tDCS groups;the respective comparisons were as follows:the promotion of rapid eye movement(REM)sleep time on N1(64.5(33.5-105.5)vs 19.0(0.0,45.0)min,F=20.10,p<0.001)and N2(75.0(36.0-120.8)vs 30.0(1.3-59.3)min,F=12.55,p<0.001);the total sleep time on N1(506.0(408.0-561.0)vs 392.0(243.0-483.5)min,F=14.13,p<0.001)and N2(488.5(455.5-548.5)vs 346.0(286.5-517.5)min,F=7.36,p=0.007);the deep sleep time on N1(130.0(103.3-177.0)vs 42.5(9.8-100.8)min,F=24.4,p<0.001)and N2(103.5(46.0-154.8)vs 57.5(23.3-106.5)min,F=8.4,p=0.004);and the percentages of light sleep and REM sleep on N1 and N2(p<0.05 for each).The postoperative depression and anxiety scores did not differ significantly between the two *** significant adverse events were *** In older patients undergoing lower limb major arthroplasty,a single session of anodal tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex showed a potentially prophylactic effect in improving postoperative short-term objective sleep ***,this benefit was temporary and was not maintained over time.

关键词： sleep stimulation postoperative

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Effect of No Tillage and Conventional Tillage on Wheat Grain Yield Variability: A Review

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Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 2024年第1期6卷 57-70页

作者： Kenza Kadiri Hassani Moussadek Rachid Baghdad Bouamar Zouahri Abdelmjid Dakak Houria Maher Hassnae Bouabdli Abdelhak Laboratory of Geosciences Department of GeologyFaculty of SciencesIbn Tofail UniversityKenitra B.P.242Morocco International Center for Agricultural research in the Dry Areas(ICARDA) Rabat P.O.Box 1014Morocco research Unit on Environment and Conservation of Natural Resources Regional Center of RabatNational Institute of Agricultural ResearchRabat P.O.Box 6356Morocco Georesources Environmentalist Consultant/Expert Associate Professor at Casablanca School of Architecture and Landscape-Honoris United UniversitiesCasablancaB.P.20100Morocco Laboratory of Materials Nanotechnology and EnvironmentDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of SciencesMohammed V UniversityRabat B.P.703Morocco

Conservation Agriculture(CA)covers more than 205 million hectares in the *** made it possible to face and mitigate the challenges of climate change,reducing soil erosion and providing multiple ecosystem *** first elementary factor influenced is the yield *** has a direct effect on farmers’choices for sustainable *** present article records a review focused on wheat yield average positive change compared between conventional tillage(CT)and no tillage(NT)*** international database collected showed that NT is adaptable *** results of wheat yield differentiation showed the influence of crop rotation depending on stations located in different climatic *** more than 40 years of research,specialists have succeeded in demonstrating the importance of crop productivity like *** whole integrates also experimentations where the initiation starts more than ten years.

关键词： Climate change No tillage Crop rotation Wheat Yield

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LOW TEMPERATURE EMBRITTLEMENT OF AUSTENITIC Fe-Mn ALLOYS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Edition) 1988年第0期1卷 27-33页

作者： CHAI Shousen Institute of Metal research Academia Sinica Shenyang China associate professor

Austenite steels are commonly superior in low temperature *** it has beenfound that low temperature embrittlement indeed occurs in some austenite *** believed that it might be caused by a fcc—fct phase transformationat about-100℃.Experiments showed.(1) the existence of low temperatureembrittlement in some austenitic Fe-Mn alloys;(2) the transition temperature ofembrittlement rised with the increase of manganese content and appearance ofintergranular brittle fracture;(3) the segregation of manganese at grain boundaries andits extent varying directly with the manganese content of alloys;(4) the low temperatureembrittlement caused by manganese segregation at grain *** no evidenceindicates that the low temperature embrittlement of Fe-Mn alloys is caused by anfcc-fct phase transformation at about-100℃ as mentioned by ***.

关键词： low temperature embrittlement segregation grain boundary phase transformation

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An In Vivo Evaluation of the Mycobacterial Filtration Efficacy of Three Breathing Filters Used in Anesthesia

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麻醉与监护论坛 2011年第3期18卷 215-221页

作者： Daniel P. Vezina Claude A. Trepanier Martin R.Lessard Marie Gourdeau Claude Tremblay Robert Guidoin Resident Department of Anesthesiology Laval University. Current position：Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology andMedicine University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah associate Clinical professor associate Clinical professor and Chairman Department of Anesthesiology Assistant Clinical professor Associate Clinical Professor Department of Medicine （Microbiology） Laval University professor Department of Surgery Laval University Quebec Canada

Background:The use of breathing filters (BFs) has been recommended to protect the anesthesia apparatus in proven or suspected cases of tuberculosis. Some investigators have also suggested the use of BF to alleviate the need to change anesthesia breathing circuits after each case. This study evaluated the filtration efficacy of three different BFs to prevent mycobacterial contamination of breathing circuits in a model that uses a test animal. Methods:Ten Pall BB25A (pleated hydrophobic) (Pall Canada Ltd., Mississauga, Ontario, Canada), six DAR Barrierbac S (felted electrostatic; Mallinckrodt DAR, Mirandola, Italy), and six Baxter Airlife (felted electrostatic; Baxter Canada, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada) BFs were studied. For each BF tested, 20 ml of a high concentration suspension of Mycobacterium chelonae (range, 2.0×10^7 to 9.0×10^7 colony-forming units/ml) was nebulized during 2h at the proximal end of the endotracheal tube of anesthetized pigs. At the end of the nebulization period, the BFs were sampled for culture. The titer reduction value (number of microorganisms challenging the BF divided by the number of microorganisms recovered downstream of the BF) and the removal efficiency (difference between the number of microorganisms challenging the BF and the number of microorganisms recovered downstream of the BF, divided by the number of microorganisms challenging the BF) were calculated. Results:The median titer reduction values were 5.6×10^5, 6.0×10^5, and 8.0×10^8 (P < 0.0005), and the median removal efficiencies were greater than 99.999%, greater than 99.999%, and 100% (P= not significant) for the DAR Barrierbac S, the Baxter Airlife, and the Pall BB25A, respectively. Conclusions:Among the three BFs studied, only the Pall BB25A completely prevented the passage of M. chelonae, thus protecting the anesthesia breathing circuit from mycobacterial contamination.

关键词：英文摘要内容介绍编辑工作期刊

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Safety and Efficacy of Pediatric General Anesthesia by Laryngeal Mask Airway Without Intravenous Access

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2011年第3期2卷 328-331页

作者： Benjamin A. Lin BSc Zakaria S Messieha William E Hoffman associate professor Anesthesiology University of Illinois Chicago Illinois

The safety and efficacy of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) has been reported by numerous large-scale studies. However, they do not address the issue of whether an intravenous (IV) is required for pediatric general anesthesia (GA) where access is challenging due to anatomical considerations and a lack of cooperation. The aims of this study are to determine whether pediatric GA by LMA without IV access affected placement rates, procedure times and rates of anesthetic complications. Children who met these criteria at the UIC Surgicenter in the two year period prior to August 30, 2005 were selected. A retrospective chart review was conducted to determine patient demographics, ASA class, procedure, placement success, IV placed if any, time to incision, and any anesthetic complications. 241 patients without IV access and 41 patients with IV access were included. No significant differences were found between the groups in the rates of LMA placement or anesthetic complications. Significant differences were found in times to incision overall and for ophthalmology exams under anesthesia and lacrimal duct probings. Pediatric GA by LMA without IV access demonstrated a similarly high placement rate, shorter procedure times and a low rate of complications in comparison with the control group.

关键词： Pediatric Anesthesia Anesthesia Efficacy LMA Safety General Anesthesia Without Intravenous Cannulation

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Persisting challenges for performance-based building assessment

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2014年第S1期13卷 79-94页

作者： B.Bayhan I.Kazaz P.Gulkan Dept.of Civil Engineering Bursa Technical University Assistant professor Dept.of Civil Engineering Erzurum Technical University associate professor Dept.of Civil Engineering Cankaya University professor

Intense research and refinement of the tools used in performance-based seismic engineering have been made,but the maturity and accuracy of these methods have not been adequately confirmed with actual data from the field. The gap between the assumed characteristics of actual building systems and their idealized counterparts used for analysis is wide. When the randomly distributed flaws in buildings as they exist in urban areas and the extreme variability of ground motion patterns combine,the conventional procedures used for pushover or dynamic response history analyses seem to fall short of reconciling the differences between calculated and observed damage. For emergency planning and loss modeling purposes,such discrepancies are factors that must be borne in mind. Two relevant examples are provided herein. These examples demonstrate that consensus-based analytical guidelines also require well-idealized building models that do not lend themselves to reasonably manageable representations from field data. As a corollary,loss modeling techniques,e.g.,used for insurance purposes,must undergo further development and improvement.

关键词： reinforced concrete building nonlinear analysis performance-based seismic assessment performance limits damage

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Adjustment of Global Imbalances and Its Impact on China’s Economy

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China & World Economy 2006年第3期14卷 71-85页

作者： Jianhuai Shi associate professor China Center for Economic Research Peking University

The present paper discusses ways of adjusting the imbalances of the global economy and its impact on China＇s economy. The analysis in the paper shows that the cut of US fiscal deficits and the appreciation of the currencies of East Asia, including China＇s RMB, are necessary for a smooth adjustment of the global imbalances. The adjustments will have a positive impact on China＇s economy and will help China realize its external balance. The increase in public spending on the service sector along with the appreciation of RMB will help China realize the internal balance too. The adjustment of the global imbalances will create opportunities and an external pushing force for China in its industrial restructuring and shift in the model of economic growth.

关键词： current account external balance fiscal deficit internal balance RMB appreciation,

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Preliminary analysis of the hanging wall effect and velocity pulse of the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2009年第2期8卷 165-177页

作者： Liu Qifang and Li Xiaojun Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150080, China associate professor professor associate professor Institute of Engineering Mechanics China Earthquake Administration Harbin 150080 China. professor Institute of Engineering Mechanics China Earthquake Administration Harbin 150080 China

A preliminary study of the PGA attenuation, hanging wall effect and velocity pulse characteristics from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake ofMS -8.0 is described in this paper. The study was carried out through analyses in the time and frequency domains of main earthquake records. In the PGA attenuation study, records from 316 stations less than 1000 km from the surface rupture of the fault were used as a database and attenuation relationships were developed and compared with some existing relationships that are widely used in China's Mainland, Chinese Taiwan and the US. At the same time, records from 28 stations less than 100 km from the fault were used to study the hanging wall effect and velocity pulse characteristics of this earthquake based on the distribution of PGA, PGV, spectral acceleration, and the velocity pulse peak, and the results are compared with the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake. In addition, the large PGAs of the UD components observed in this event are also discussed in this paper. From the results of the preliminary study, some conclusions are developed and suggestions for further research are proposed.

关键词： Wenchuan earthquake hanging wall effect velocity pulse attenuation

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