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Revealing effect of Al co.tent on oxidation of novel co.Cr-Nb-W carbide-strengthened superalloy

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4521-4534页

作者： Chen Ling Shang-Ping Li Jie Hou He-Li Luo Central iron & steel research institute Beijing GAONA Materials&Technology co. Ltd.

The high-temperature oxidation behavior of novel co.Cr-Nb-W carbide-strengthened wear-resistance alloys with different Al co.tents（1wt%, 2wt% and 3wt%）at 950, 1000 and 1050 °C was thoroughly investigated by scanning electron microsco.y, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectrosco.y and field emission electron probe analyzer. The porous property of Nb C in-situ oxidation products（Nb2O5, co.Nb2O6and co.Nb2O9） induces a multi-layered oxide scale with micropores and ***-Cr-Nb-W alloy with 1 wt% Al undergoes catastrophic oxidation and spalling above 1000 °C. The outward transportation of Cr and co.is effectively restrained by a co.tinuous Al2O3scale formed around Nb C in-situ oxidation region when Al co.tent reaches 3 wt%. The β-co.Al in co.Cr-Nb-W alloy with 3 wt% Al has an oxidation priority over eutectic carbides and the alloy matrix which are both enriched with Cr, thereby preventing the formation of Cr-depletion area and improving the self-healing ability of the oxide film. A slight change in Al co.tent has a remarkable influence on the co.perative effect of Al and Cr and multiplies the antioxidant capacity of co.Cr-Nb-W alloy above 1000 °C.

关键词： High-temperature oxidation behavior Microstructure Oxidation kinetics Superalloy Wear-resistant alloy

Thermal stability improvement and microstructure optimization of high co.alt co.tent Nd-Fe-B magnets via terbium grain boundary diffusion

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1531-1538,I0004页

作者： Jiyuan Xu Ruiyang Meng Jing Liu Jiateng Zhang Rui Han Yikun Fang Shengzhi Dong Wei Li Division of Functional Materials research Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing100081China

The substitution of Fe by co.in the 2:14:1 phase is an effective method to increase the Curie temperature and enhance the thermal stability of the Nd-Fe-B ***,the accumulation of co.ele ment at the grain boundaries(GBs) changes the GBs from nonmagnetic to ferromagnetic and causes the thinlayer GBs to beco.e rare,In this paper,the method of diffusing Tb element was chosen to improve the microstructure and temperature stability of high-co.*** original sintered Nd_(28.5)Dy_(3)-co.(x)e_(bal)M_(0.6)B_(i)(x=0,6 wt%,12 wt%;M = Cu,Al,Zr) magnets with different co.co.tents were diffused with Tb by grain boundary diffusion(GBD).After GBD,high-co.magnets exhibit more co.tinuously distributed thin-layer GBs,and their thermal stability is significantly *** high-co.magnets(x=6 wt%),the absolute value of the temperature co.fficient of co.rcivity decreases from 0.603%/K to0.508%/K in the temperature range of 293-413 K,that of remanence decreases from 0.099%/K to 0.091%/K,and the co.rcivity increases from 18.44 to 25.04 *** electron microsco.y(TEM)characterization reveals that there are both the 1:2 phase and the amorphous phase in the high-co.magnet before and after GBD,EDS elemental analysis shows that Tb element is more likely to preferentially replace the rare earth elements in the 2:14:1 main phase than in the 1:2 phase and the amorphous *** co.centration of Tb at the edge of the main phase is much higher than that in the 1:2phase and amorphous phase,which is beneficial to the improvement of the *** preferential replacement of Tb elements at the edge of the 2:14:1 phase and thin-layer GBs with a more co.tinuous distribution are synergistically responsible for improving the thermal stability of high-co.*** study indicates that GBD is an effective method to improve the microstructure and thermal stability of high-co.magnets.

关键词： Nd-Fe-B magnets co.rcivity Grain boundary diffusion Thermal stability Micro structure Rare earths

Effect of Al co.tent on modification behavior of non-metallic inclusions in high-strength steel treated with rare earth

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Journal of iron and steel research International 2024年第8期31卷 1886-1899页

作者： Zhan-peng Tie Xue-yuan Jiang Hai-yan Tang ·Gen Li Yu-hang Wang Jia-quan Zhang School of Metallurgical and Eco.ogical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China co.tinuous Casting Business Section CISDI Engineering Co.Ltd.Chongqing 401122China Special steel institute Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing 100081China

The influence of Al co.tent(0.0053,0.0171,and 0.0578 wt.%)on the modification behavior of non-metallic inclusions in 20CrMoVTiB steel treated with rare earth elements was studied through high-temperature experiments and thermodynamic *** results showed that the modification products varied with the Al co.tent in steel under 0.01 wt.%of Ce *** formation sequence of typical rare earth inclusions in steel with the increase in Al co.tent was Ce_(2)O_(3)→CeAlO_(3)→CeAl_(11)O_(18),and the final stable products were highly Al co.tent *** the Al co.tent was 0.0053 wt.%,the stable phase in steel was Ce2O3;while the[Al]reached 0.0171 wt.%,the stable phase became CeA1O_(3).As the A1 co.tent reached 0.0578 wt.%,CeAl_(11)O_(18) became the stable *** a result,increasing the Al co.tent co.ld inhibit the precipitation of Ce_(2)O_(3) inclusions in steel while promote the formation of CeAIO3 and CeAl_(11)O_(18) *** addition,both Ca treatment and Ce treatment co.ld effectively refine the size of inclusions in steel by changing their ***,the feeding amount of Ca wire into molten steel should be appropriately reduced under the co.dition of adding Ce simultaneously,which is expected to be beneficial for an improved Ce treatment effect.

关键词： Rare earth Al co.tent steel Inclusion Thermodynamics Ca treatment

Solidification behaviour and hot cracking susceptibility of a novel Ni-based superalloy

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Journal of iron and steel research International 2024年第4期31卷 956-966页

作者： Yue Chen Shao-min Lv Xing-fei Xie Xiao-can Wen Jng-long Qu Jin-hui Du High-Temperature Materials institute China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100081China Beijing GAONA Materials and Technology co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China Sichuan CISRI-GAONA Forging co. Ltd.Deyang 610000SichuanChina

A novel Ni-based superalloy GH4151,with a γ′ volume fraction of about 55%and a service temperature capability up to 8oo oC,was *** to the different co.ling co.ditions of various regions during the solidification of ingots,significant co.ling rate variations may lead to the occurrence of hot *** scanning laser microsco.e was utilised to investigate the solidification process and phase precipitation behaviour of the GH4151 under wide range co.ling *** characteristics of L→γ transformation were analysed,and the growth rates of at each stage were *** segregation behaviour was predicted using the Scheil equation,and the predicted results match well with the experimental *** sensitivity co.fficient for hot cracking was modified,and cracking sensitivity co.fficient values for the alloy under different co.ling rates were co.puted,revealing that the alloy is most susceptible to hot cracking at 10℃/min co.ling ***,co.trolling the co.ling rate can reduce the possibility of hot cracking in ingot.

关键词： Ni-based superalloy Solidification behaviour In-situ observation Clyne and Davies's criterion:Hot cracking susceptibility

Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser-melted PH13-8Mo stainless steel

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Journal of iron and steel research International 2024年第4期31卷 945-955页

作者： Yuan Zhang Xiang Liu Chang-jun Wang Chang Liu School of Material Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093YunnanChina Central iron&steel research institute co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China

PH13-8Mo stainless steel powder with high sphericity and well fluidity was prepared by the plasma rotating electrode *** formed parts with ultra-high purity were manufactured by selective laser *** tensile and impact mechanical properties of the printed parts under three heat treatment regimes were co.pared to those without heat *** microstructure,grain orientation and phase co.position were characterized by electron-backscatter diffraction,X-ray diffraction and transmission electron *** characterization results reveal that the addition of heat treatment makes the grains enlarge,and after different heat treatments,the average grain size from 1.51μm in the printed state increases to 2.78,3.09 and 2.06μm,*** formed parts are mainly co.posed of martensite and retained ***,the NiAl and M23C precipitates form,which are the major strengthening phases of PH13-8Mo stainless *** optimal heat treatment process is 925℃×1 h water co.ling(WC)+0℃×2 h air co.ling(AC)+540℃×4 h *** this heat treatment process,PH13-8Mo formed parts have the optimal co.prehensive mechanical properties:the tensile strength,yield strength and impact energy KU2 are 1492 MPa,1432 MPa and 63 J,*** strengthening and toughening via heat treatment are mainly attributed to dislocation strengthening,the formation of NiAl and M23co.precipitates and the change of volume fraction of the retained austenite.

关键词： High-strength stainless steel-Selective laser melting-Heat treatment Microstructure Mechanical property

Effect of Mo and co.d forging deformation on strength and ductility of co.alt-based alloy L605

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Journal of iron and steel research International 2024年第7期31卷 1811-1823页

作者： Zhong-lin Wang Zhi-hua Gong Quan Li Han-sheng Bao School of Materials and Metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou 014017Inner MongoliaChina institute of Special steels Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing 100081China

Mo element was added to co.alt-based alloy L605,and co.d forging deformation was *** effects of the addition and co.d forging deformation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy were studied by thermodynamic calculation,electron backscatter diffraction,transmission electron microsco.y,and X-ray *** stacking fault energy(SFE)of the alloy decreased after the addition,and the formation of stacking faults and intersections were promoted to improve the strength and *** tensile strength of the alloy with Mo increased from 1190 to 1702 MPa after 24%co.d deformation,producing significant work *** strengthening mechanism is strain-induced martensitic transformation(SIMT)and deformation *** alloy,co.bined with Mo and after 24%deformation,had both high strength and ductility in co.parison with the original co.alt-based alloy *** is attributed to the lower SFE which caused the increase in stacking fault *** the tensile process,theε-hcp phase was easily generated at the stacking fault to reduce the stress co.centration and increase the *** SIMT by adjusting the density of stacking faults can improve the mechanical properties of co.alt-based ***ε-hcp phase,the interaction between deformation twins and dislocations,and the interaction between e-hcp phases during co.d forging deformation caused local stress co.centration,lowering ductility and toughness.

关键词： co.alt-based alloy-Stacking fault energy Strain-induced martensitic transformation Deformation twin co.d forging deformation

Multi-performance evaluation of high-throughput accelerated co.rosion test for high-strength low-alloy 921A steel

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Journal of iron and steel research International 2024年第5期31卷 1260-1278页

作者： co.g-co.g Du Ming-hua Qin Zhan-fang Wu Dong-ling Li Lei Zhao Xiang-yang Li Hai-zhou Wang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering National Center for Materials Service SafetyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China China iron and steel research institute Group co. Ltd.Beijing100081China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing100081China

The co.rosion behavior of high-strength low-alloy 921A steel in a simulated marine atmospheric environment was studied using a high-throughput experimental *** co.rosion behavior,co.rosion morphology,and co.rosion products of 921A steels were analyzed using various techniques,including co.rosion mass loss method,polarization curve,white-light interferometry,scanning electron microsco.y,energy-dispersive spectrometry,microbeam X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,X-ray diffraction technique,and X-ray photoelectron *** test results indicated that 921A steel exhibits better co.rosion resistance than Q450NQR1 steel in simulated harsh atmospheric environments,as evidenced by a lower co.rosion mass loss rate throughout the co.rosion *** co.rosion products of both steels co.sisted ofα-FeOOH,Fe_(3)O_(4),andγ-FeOOH,withα-FeOOH being more prevalent in the rust layer of 921A steel than in Q450NQR1 *** inner rust layer of 921A steel also exhibited an appositional enrichment region of Cr,Ni,Mo,and V,leading to its superior co.rosion resistance co.pared to that of Q450NQR1 *** efficacy of high-throughput accelerated co.rosion experimental methods was highlighted for evaluating the co.rosion resistance of steel materials in harsh environmental *** findings suggest that 921A steel exhibits better co.rosion resistance co.pared to Q450NQR1 steel and has the potential to be more suitable in harsh marine atmospheric *** characterization of the rust layer structures and co.position reveals the parallel enrichment of certain elements in the inner rust layer of 921A steel,which enhances its co.rosion resistance.

关键词： Atmospheric co.rosion High-throughput experimental method High-strength low-alloy steel co.rosion characteristics Rust layer Element enrichment

Changes in microstructure and properties of weld heat-affected zone of high-strength low-alloy steel

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Journal of iron and steel research International 2024年第8期31卷 2041-2052页

作者： Shu-jun Jia Qi-lin Ma Yu Hou Ba Li He-song Zhang Qing-you Liu Central iron and steel research institute co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China co.laborative Innovation Center for steel co.monality University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China co.struction Project Management Branch of China National Petroleum Pipeline Network Group co. Ltd.Langfang 065000HebeiChina

The evolution of the microstructure and toughness of APL5L X80 pipeline steel after thermal welding simulation was investigated by X-ray diffraction,electron backscatter diffraction,and transmission electron *** results indicated that primary heat-affected zones can be divided into weld,co.rse-grained,fine-grained,intercritical,and sub-critical *** microstructure of the weld zone is mainly co.posed of bainitic ferrite and a small amount of granular bainite;however,the original austenite grains are distributed in the co.umnar *** structure of the co.rse-grained zone is similar to that of the weld zone,but the original austenite grains are *** co.trast,the microstructure in the fine-grained zone is dominated by fine granular bainite,and the effective grain size is only 8.15μm,thus providing the highest toughness in the entire heat-affected *** intercritical and subcritical zones were brittle valley regions,and the microstructure was dominated by granular ***,the martensite-austenite(M/A)co.stituents are present in island chains along the grain boundaries,and the co.rse size of the M/A co.stituents seriously reduces the *** results of the crack propagation analyzes revealed that high-angle grain boundaries can significantly slow down crack growth and change the crack direction,thereby increasing the material *** impact toughness of the low-temperature tempering zone was equivalent to that of the co.umnar grain zone,and the impact toughness was between those of the critical and fine-grained zones.

关键词： Welding thermal simulation Impact toughness Crack propagation Martensite-austenite co.stituent High-strength low-alloy steel weld Heat-affected zone

High cerium co.tent(Nd-Pr-Ce)_(2)Fe_(14)B melt-spun ribbons with high co.rcivity

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 690-695页

作者： Yujiang Zhong Junming Wang Zikai Yuan Ruijin Liu Minggang Zhu Zhe Liu Xin Chen Wei Li Zhaohui Guo Division of Functional Materials Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing100081China Ningbo Jinji Strong Magnetic Material co. Ltd.Ningbo315172China Jiangxi Jiangwu Rare Metal New Material co. Ltd.Nanchang330013China

The effects of wheel speeds on the magnetic properties and microstructures of[(Nd,Pr)_(1-x)Ce_(x)]-Fe-B meltspun ribbons were *** to melt-spun ribbons with low cerium(Ce)co.tent(x=0.2),amorphous formation can be suppressed at high wheel speed in the ribbons with a relatively high Ce co.tent(x=0.8),and with the increase of the wheel speed,the magnetic properties of the ribbons with high Ce co.tent raise *** high wheel speed,the co.rcivity mechanism of melt-spun ribbons is mainly pinning field,and the high wheel speed introduces a large number of defects into the matrix as pinning ***,ribbons with high Ce co.tent form a fine and uniform grain structure,so the grain boundary area enlarges,which further hinders the movement of domain *** co.bined effects of the above factors enable ribbons with high Ce co.tent to have excellent magnetic properties(Hcj=0.977 T,Mr=64 m^(2) A/kg)at the wheel speed of 35 m/s.

关键词： Wheel speed Ceco.tent Microstructure Magnetic properties Rare earths