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Seedling growth and metal accumulation of selected woody species in copper and lead/zinc mine tailings

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第2期23卷 266-274页

作者： Xiang Shi Xiaolei Zhang Guangcai Chen Yitai Chen Ling Wang Xiaoquan Shan research institute of subtropical forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry Fuyang 311400 China College of forestry Shandong Agricultural University Taian 271018 China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650201 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Econvironmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of selected woody plants for revegetation in copper （Cu） and lead/zinc （Pb/Zn） mine tailing areas. Five woody species （Amorpha fruticosa Linn, Vitex trifolia Linn. var. simplicifolia Chum, Glochidion puberum （Linn.） Hutch, Broussonetia papyrifera, and Styrax tonkinensis） and one herbaceous species （ Sesbania cannabina Pets） were planted in Cu and Pb/Zn tailings to assess their growth, root morphology, nutrition uptake, metal accumulation, and translocation in plants. Amorpha fruticosa maintained normal growth, while the other species demonstrated stress related growth and root development. Sesbania cannabina showed the highest biomass among the plants, although it decreased by 30% in Cu tailings and 40% in Pb/Zn railings. Calculated tolerance index （TI） values suggested that A. fruticosa, an N-fixing shrub, was the most tolerant species to both tailings （TI values 0.92-1.01）, while S. cannabina had a moderate TI of 0.65-0.81 and B. papyrifera was the most sensitive species, especially to Pb/Zn tailings （TI values 0.15-0.19）. Despite the high concentrations of heavy metals in the mine tailings and plants roots, only a small transfer of these elements to the aboveground parts of the woody plants was evident from the low translocation factor （TF） values. Among the woody plants, V. trifolia var. simplicifolia had the highest TF values for Zn （1.32）, Cu （0.78）, and Pb/Zn （0.78）. The results suggested that A. fruticosa and S. cannabina, which have the highest tolerance and biomass production, respectively, demonstrated the potential for tailings revegetation in southern China.

关键词： woody plants mine tailing tolerance revegetation root

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Morphometric study confirms the presence of only Vatica mangachapoi on Hainan Island, China

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Journal of forestry research 2018年第3期29卷 636-643页

作者： Junjie Guo Shuaibin Shang Jie Zeng research institute of Tropical forestry CAF

To date only one species of the genus Vatica Linn.(Dipterocarpaceae) has been identified, and a subspecies and three varieties have been reported on Hainan Island, China. However, it remained controversial whether the species was Vatica mangachapoi or a new species Vatica hainanensis, and whether the subspecies or varieties are taxonomically valid. We evaluated here morphometric variations of 133 trees collected from nine populations and herbarium specimens of Vatica spp. using 16 traits of leaf and fruit. Among these, leaf traits varied more within and among populations than did fruit traits. Four traits of ratios were more stable than directly-measured traits within and among populations. The ranges of lamina length, lamina width and height of maximum lamina width point were the greatest among the 16 traits, while number of lateral veins varied least among the 12 directly-measured traits. Measurements from all 9 populations overlapped for each morphological trait, and variation of each trait was continuous among both individuals and populations. The range of variation did not distinguish any specimen from V mangachapoi as described in the flora of Southeast Asia By cluster analysis, individuals of each population as wel as specimens of each variety formed no distinct clusters The published varieties thus were characterized by no distinguishing variations in comparison with the nine sampled populations. In conclusion, the new species V hainanensis as well as the subspecies and varieties were not supported by our comparisons, and only V. man gachapoi without any subspecies or varieties occurs on Hainan Island, China.

关键词： Vatica Linn. Vatica mangachapoi Morphological variability Cluster analysis Hainan Island

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High-quality total RNA extraction from Magnolia sieboldii *** seeds:a comparative evaluation

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Journal of forestry research 2019年第1期30卷 371-379页

作者： Jun Wei Xiaolin Zhang Zhe Hou Xiujun Lu Department of forestry Shenyang Agricultural University research institute of forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry

Magnolia sieboldii K. Koch seed is characterized with having deep dormancy. The inner molecular regulation mechanism has not been investigated because of the absence of a protocol for total RNA(ribonucleic acid)extraction. The extraction of high-quality RNA is important and can be a limiting factor in plant molecular biology experiments. Sufficient high-quality total RNA is required to elucidate the molecular regulation mechanism of germination. However, M. sieboldii seeds with large amounts of secondary metabolites also contain recalcitrant tissues for RNA isolation. We found two simple and low-cost RNA extraction methods for M. sieboldii seeds by evaluating and selecting eight types of methods and further optimizing these methods. The two methods were not only suitable for extracting M. sieboldii seed RNA but also applicable to RNAs from several other tissues. Total RNA extracted through these approaches was applicable for general molecular biology experiments such as qRT-PCR(quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions). The protocols also meet the strict harsh requirements for transcriptome sequencing and small RNA sequencing. This study provides a powerful approach for future studies at the transcription level.

关键词： Seed dormancy RNA isolation qRT-PCR Small RNA Magnolia sieboldii

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Radial profile of sap flow velocity in mature Xinjiang poplar(Populus alba L. var. pyramidalis) in Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第5期6卷 612-627页

作者： HongZhong DANG TianShan ZHA JinSong ZHANG Wei LI ShiZeng LIU institute of Desertification Studies Chinese Academy of Forestry School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry University research institute of forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry Gansu Desert Control research institute

Estimation of the transpiration rate for a tree is generally based on sap flow measurements within the hydro-active stem xylem. In this study, radial variation of sap flow velocity（Js） was investigated at five depths of the xylem（1, 2, 3, 5 and 8 cm under the cambium） in three mature Xinjiang poplar（Populus alba L. var. pyramidalis） trees grown at the Gansu Minqin National Studies Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem from May to October 2011. Thermal dissipation probes of various lengths manufactured according to the Granier＇s design were installed into each tree for simultaneous observation of the radial patterns of Js through the xylem. The radial patterns were found to fit the four-parameter GaussAmp equation. The peak Js was about 27.02±0.95 kg/（dm2？d） at approximately 3 to 5 cm deep from the cambium of the three trees,and the lowest Js appeared at 1 cm deep in most of the time. Approximately 50% of the total sap flow in Xinjiang poplar occurred within one-third of the xylem from its outer radius, whereas 90% of the total sap flow occurred within two-fifth of the xylem. In addition, the innermost point of the xylem（at 8-cm depth）, which appeared as the penultimate sap flow in most cases during the study period, was hydro-active with Js,8 of 7.55±3.83 kg/（dm2？d）. The radial pattern of Js was found to be steeper in midday than in other time of the day, and steeper diurnal fluctuations were recorded in June, July and August（the mid-growing season）. Maximum differences between the lowest Js（Js,1 or Js,8） and the highest Js（Js,3 or Js,5） from May through October were 12.41, 17.35, 16.30, 18.52, 12.60 and 16.04 g/（cm2？h）, respectively. The time-dependent changes of Js along the radial profile（except at 1-cm depth） were strongly related to the reference evapotranspiration（ET0）. Due to significant radial variability of Js, the mean daily sap flow at the whole-tree level could be over-estimated by up to 29.69% when only a single probe at depth of 2 cm was used. However, t

关键词： sap flow radial pattern Populus alba L.var.pyramidalis reference evapotranspiration(ET0) Granier method

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Silicon reduces cadmium accumulation in Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)root cell sap by sequestering cadmium in hemicellulose 1

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Pedosphere 2024年第6期34卷 1002-1013页

作者： Yuzhen CHANG Fan YANG Chaofeng YANG Yiting ZHENG Xianyu PAN Shanshan MA Haibao JI Ji Feng SHAO State Key Laboratory of subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University Agricultural and forestry Technology Promotion Center of Lin'an

Moso bamboo is one of the most important economic bamboo species in China, but cadmium（Cd） pollution has become a potential threat of its sustainable development. Silicon（Si） reduces Cd accumulation in many plant species. However, the exact mechanisms of this effect in Moso bamboo are still poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effect of Si on Cd accumulation in Moso bamboo in terms of Cd concentration in roots, Cd cellular and subcellular distribution, root cell morphology, and gene expression. Seedlings（ten days old） were exposed to different concentrations of Cd(0, 1, 5, and 50 μmol L-1) in a 0.5 mmol L-1CaCl2solution treated with（+Si） and without（-Si） 1 mmol L-1Si（as silicic acid） for two days. The effect of Si on the alleviation of Cd-induced inhibition of root elongation was not obvious, but Si could significantly reduce Cd accumulation in roots at all tested Cd concentrations(1, 5, and50 μmol L-1). Cadmium was localized in all cells of roots, but Si application altered the Cd distribution from all cells to distal side of exodermis cells in roots. Semi-quantitative determination of Cd using energy-dispersive X-rays revealed higher Cd concentrations in exodermis, but lower concentrations in the stele when Si was applied. However, Si increased Cd accumulation in root cell wall, but decreased it in cell sap. Moreover, more than 70% of Cd and Si were found in hemicellulose 1 of the cell wall. These results suggested that Si reduced Cd accumulation by sequestering Cd in hemicellulose 1 in the root cell wall at the subcellular level and retaining most of the Cd in the root exodermis at the cellular level in Moso bamboo under short-term Si application.

关键词： apoplast cadmium stress cell wall heavy metal pectin pollution symplast

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Simulating the heartwood formation process of Erythrophleum fordii in South China

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Journal of forestry research 2015年第4期26卷 1049-1055页

作者： Zhigang Zhao Junjie Guo Chunsheng Wang Jie Zeng research institute of Tropical forestry CAF

We studied the formation of heartwood in Ery- throphleumfordii Oliv., an endangered rosewood species, by cross-section analysis on 52 stumps aged 28-57 years and arbitrarily sampled from natural forests in South China. Width and area of heartwood were positively correlated with age and xylem width （XW）, and were independent of annual radial growth. The proportions of heartwood and sapwood areas were equal at about 40 years. The heartwood formation pro- cess was simulated by linear regression of age and XW.

关键词： Erythrophleum fordii Growth process Heartwood formation Heartwood width Rosewoodspecies

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Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Masson Pine Forest Soil in subtropical Central China

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Pedosphere 2015年第2期25卷 263-274页

作者： CHEN Dan FU Xiao-Qing WANG Cong LIU Xin-Liang LI Hang SHEN Jian-Lin WANG Yi LI Yong WU Jin-Shui Changsha research Station for Agricultural and Environmental Monitoring Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of Sciences

The forest ecosystem plays a pivotal role in contributing greenhouse gases to the *** order to characterize the temporal pattern of nitrous oxide(N_2O) emissions and identify the key factors affecting N_2O emissions from a Masson pine forest in a hilly red-soil region in subtropical central China,we measured the N_2O emissions in Jinjing of Hunan Province using the static chambergas chromatographic method for 3 years(2010-2012) and analyzed the relationships between the N_2O fluxes and the environmental *** results revealed that the N_2O fluxes over the 3 years varied from-36.0 to 296.7 μg N m^(-2) h^(-1),averaging 18.4±5.6 μg N m^(-2) h^(-1)(n=3).The average annual N_2O emissions were estimated to be 1.6±0.3 kg N ha^(-1) year^(-1).The N_2O fluxes exhibited clear intra-annual(seasonal) variations as they were higher in summers and lower in *** with other forest observations in the subtropics,N_2O emissions at our site were relatively high,possibly due to the high local dry/wet N deposition,and were mostly sensitive to variations in precipitation and soil ammonium N *** this work,a multiple linear regression model was developed to determine the influence of environmental factors on N_2O emissions,in which a category predictor of "Season" was intentionally used to account for the seasonal variation of the N_2O *** a model explained almost 40%of the total variation in daily N_2O emissions from the Masson pine forest soil studied(P<0.001).

关键词： environmental factors multiple linear regression model N deposition season subtropical forests

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Comparative Analysis of Four Stem Taper Models for Quercus glauca in Mount Halla,Jeju Island,South Korea

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 442-448页

作者： LUMBRES Roscinto Ian Canicosa LEE Young Jin CHOI Hyung Soon KIM Sung Yong JANG Mi Na ABINO Azyleah Caizares SEO Yeon Ok KIM Chan Soo PARK Jung Hwan Department of Forest Resources Kongju National University College of forestry- Benguet State University La Trinidad Benguet 2601 Philippines Warm Temperate and subtropical Forest research Center Korea Forest Research Institute

This study was conducted to fit the diameter-height data of Quercusglaucain Jeju Island, South Korea to the four commonly used stem taper equations andto evaluate the performance of the four stem taper models using four statistical criteria： Fit index （FI）, root mean square error （RMSE）, bias （）,and absolute mean difference （AMD）. Results showed that the Kozak02stem taper equation provided the best FI（0.9847）, RMSE（1.5745）,（-0.0030 cm） and AMD （1.0990 cm） whileMax and Burkhart model had the poorest performance among the four stem taper models based on the four evaluation statistics （FI ： 0.9793,RMSE ： 1.8272, ： 0.3040 cm and AMD ： 1.3060 cm）. These stem taper equations can serve as a useful tool for forest managers in estimating the diameter outside bark at any given height, merchantable stem volumes and total stem volumesof the standing trees of Quercusglaucain theGotjawal forests located in Mount Halla, Jeju Island, South Korea.

关键词： MountHalla Merchantable stem volume Diameter outside bark Kozak model Model evaluation

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Correlation of metabolic changes of infected paulownia tissue culture with PWB-MLO pathogenic mechanism

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Science China Chemistry 1995年第8期38卷 934-943页

作者：田国忠黄钦才袁巧平张锡津 research institute of forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China

Paulownia *** culture plantlets infected with paulownia witches' broom mycoplasma-like organism (PWB-MLO) expressed a typical witches' broom *** results determined by transmission electron microscopy and DAPI staining fluorescence microscopy showed that the severity of the symptom was directly related with MLO concentration in the sieve tubes of the *** results of the analysis of endogenous hormones and phenolic compounds by HPLC revealed that in all cases,the free IAA content of the diseased plant apparently lower than that of the healthy,and the free IAA concentration had strikingly positive correlation with catechol concentration changes (r=0.90,n= 11).The changes of cytokinin (Z +ZR, iPA),GA_3 and ABA were shown less relation with MLO *** differences of peroxidase and isoenzyme,IAA oxidase and phenylanine ammonia lyase (PAL) between the extract of infected plants and that of uninfected as well as different effects of NAA and catechol additions on MS media could further re- flect the nature of the relationship and the interaction among MLOs,catechol and the free IAA concentration.

关键词： tissue culture of Paulownia sp.,MLO pathogenic mechanism indol-3-acetic acid(IAA) catechol

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Cloning and sequence analysis of nine novel MYB genes in Taxodiaceae plants

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Journal of forestry research 2014年第4期25卷 795-804页

作者： Yong-quan LU Qing JIA Zai-kang TONG The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University

Myeloblastosis （MYB） is one of the largest transcribed factor families in plants. To gain an overall picture of the evolution of MYB genes in relict plants, we cloned nine novel MYB genes in Taxodiaceae plants （ Taxodium distichum, Taxodium ascendens, Cryptomeria japonica var. Sinensis, Cryptomeria japonica cv. Araucarioides, Cryptomer Ja- ponica, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Tai- wania cryptomerioides and Glyptostrobus pensilis）. The deduced amino acid sequences for MYBs showed that the nine MYB proteins contained two DNA binding domains. The first domain is from amino acid position 29 to 78, wherein three tryptophanes at 33, 53 and 73 were separated by 19 amino acids, respectively. The second domain is from amino acid position 82 to 127, wherein three tryptophanes at 86, 105 and 124 were separated by 18 amino acids, respectively, whereas the first tryptophane at amino acid position 86 is replaced by a phenylalanine. The characteri- zation of these conserved domains at nine MYBs indicated that they all belong to the R2R3-MYB group. The secondary structure analysis showed that a-helix and 13-turn are the major motifs of the predicted secondary structure of MYBs. The three dimensional model of each MYB protein showed that the structure is like clip, making it more flexi- ble and mobile. The similarities between the nine MYB proteins in Taxodiaceae were calculated. The highest identical value of 99% is be- tween CjsMYB, CjMYB and CjaMYB, whereas the lowest value of 82% is between TaMYB and C1MYB. According to the phylogenetic tree, the distances between different genera were relatively large whereas those within genera were relatively small. As expected, accessions of the same genus formed a subgroup before being grouped with other genera.

关键词： Myeloblastosis Taxodiaceae clone analysis R2R3-MYB group

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