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Genetic variation in distant and inbred hybridization progenies from three sympodial bamboo parent species

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Journal of forestry research 2019年第4期30卷 1323-1329页

作者： Jin-Ling Yuan Jin-Jun Yue Yuan-Biao Zhong Xiao-Li Wu Xiao-Ping Gu research institute of subtropical forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry

To achieve germplasm innovation and study genetic variation of important traits of bamboo plants,we used Bambusa multiplex,***,and Dendrocalamus latiflorus as parent materials for distant and inbred *** hybrid populations and three inbred populations were obtained:two populations consisted of 57 hybrid progenies from *** 9 ***,26 hybrid progenies from *** 9 ***,and three inbred progenies were from ***,***,and *** for growth,morphology,and fiber were examined from the five populations when plants were 3 years *** hybrid populations had significant growth advantages in terms of height,diameter at ground level and internodal *** terms of variability in morphological traits,the two hybrid populations followed the same trend,namely,seven morphological traits showed phenotypes that were intermediate to those of their parents;three morphological traits showed strong maternal effects,and three other morphological traits showed strong paternal *** the five populations,the two hybrid populations had high arithmetic average fiber length,lengthweighted average fiber length and mass-weighted average fiber length,moreover,extensive variations of these three traits were observed within these two hybrid *** establishment of distant hybrid populations from these three bamboo species increased the genetic diversity more than in the other species *** work provides excellent materials for breeding new varieties and lays the foundation for understanding the genetics of important traits by analyzing related functional genes.

关键词： Bambusa multiplex B.chungii Dendrocalamus latiflorus Distant hybridization Genetic variation

Distribution of chlorpyrifos in rice paddy environment and its potential dietary risk

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第9期27卷 101-107页

作者： Yan Fu Feifei Liu Chenglin Zhao Ying Zhao Yihua Liu Guonian Zhu institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology Zhejiang University research institute of subtropical forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry

Chlorpyrifos is one of the most extensively used insecticides in China. The distribution and residues of chlorpyrifos in a paddy environment were characterized under field and laboratory conditions. The half-lives of chlorpyrifos in the two conditions were 0.9–3.8 days（field） and 2.8–10.3 days（laboratory）, respectively. The initial distribution of chlorpyrifos followed the increasing order of water 〈 straw 〈 soil, and soil was characterized as the major absorber. The ultimate residues in rice grain were below the maximum residue limit（MRL） with a harvest interval of 14 days. The chronic exposure for chlorpyrifos was rather low compared to the acceptable daily intake（ADI = 0.01 mg/kg bw） due to rice consumption. The chronic exposure risk from chlorpyrifos in rice grain was 5.90% and 1.30% ADI from field and laboratory results respectively. Concerning the acute dietary exposure,intake estimated for the highest chlorpyrifos level did not exceed the acute reference dose（ARf D = 0.1 mg/kg bw）. The estimated short-term intakes（ESTIs） were 0.78% and 0.25% of the ARf D for chlorpyrifos. The results showed that the use of chlorpyrifos in rice paddies was fairly safe for consumption of rice grain by consumers.

关键词： Chlorpyrifos Distribution Paddy environment Dietary risk assessment

White oak (Quercus fabri Hance) regenerated stump sprouts show few senescence symptoms during 40 years of growth in a natural forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第1期8卷 139-150页

作者： Honggang Sun Sisheng Wu Liwen Wu research institute of subtropical forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou 311400China

Background:The relationship between physiological age of parental trees and lifespan of clonal offspring is *** oak(Quercus fabri Hance)has a high sprouting capability after harvest,with the regenerated sprouts being typical clonal *** determine whether regenerated sprouts undergo rapid senescence compared with the parent,the senescence levels of 5-,10-,20-and 40-year-old regenerated stump sprouts in a natural forest were *** antioxidative abilities and transcriptomes in these leaves and shoots were ***:Older regenerated sprouts still had robust antioxidative systems,with 40-year-old sprouts having lower peroxidation product levels but similar antioxidative enzyme activity levels compared with 5-year-old *** leaves had greater transcriptional activities in pathways related to cell growth and division than younger ***,older sprouts had some unhealthy characteristics,such as increased base excision repair levels and upregulated phagosome,proteasome and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways in 40-year-old leaves,which indicates that DNA damage and tissue remodeling occurred more frequently than in younger ***,plant-pathogen interactions and MAPK signals pathways were upregulated in older shoots,which indicates that older shoots suffered from more pathogen-related biotic ***:The 40-year-old sprouts still had the same vitality level as the 5-year-old sprouts,although the former had some unhealthy *** conclude that during their first 40 years of growth,regenerated stump sprouts do not begin to senesce,and that physiological age of parental trees does not significantly affect the lifespan of its clonal offspring.

关键词： Sprout Regeneration Senescence White oak Vegetative propagation

Variations in seed size and seed mass related to tree growth over 5 years for 23 provenances of Quercus acutissima from across China

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Journal of forestry research 2017年第5期28卷 917-924页

作者： Hui Zhang Xiuqing Yang Mukui Yu Youzhi Han Tonggui Wu research institute of subtropical forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry forestry College Shanxi Agriculture University

The origin of a seed strongly impacts its traits, and both origin and seed traits influence seed germination and seedling development. However, in many instances, this effect on the seedling does not persist into adulthood, and little is known about how seed traits and original environment affect seedling/tree growth over time. In this study, seed size, seed mass, seedling/tree growth and origins were collected and determined for 23 provenances of Quercus acutissima from across China. Origin variables correlated well with seed size and seed mass. In stepwise multiple regressions, a longitudinal aridity index explained 49.2-68.7% of the total variation in seed size and mass, while only seed width was correlated with seedling/tree height (H) and diameter at the ground (D) from seed traits and origins. The total variance in H and D explained by the models decreased over time, for example, the R 2 value of the models for H declined from 0.477 in the first year to 0.224 in the fourth year; no models was significant in the fifth year. These results indicate that seed size, regulated by the longitudinal aridity index strongly impacted seedling and tree growth, but the strength of the influence decreased over time, and disappeared after 4 years.

关键词： Seed size Seed mass Provenance trial Seedling/tree growth Origins Quercus acutissima

The phytochemical components of walnuts and their application for geographical origin based on chemical markers

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Food Quality and Safety 2022年第4期6卷 562-570页

作者： Runhong Mo Yuewen Zheng Zhanglin Ni Danyu Shen Yihua Liu research institute of subtropical forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryFuyang DistrictHangzhouChina

Place of origin has an important influence on walnut quality and commercial value,which results in the requirement of rapid geographical traceability ***,a method for geographical origin identification of walnuts on the basis of nutritional quality of walnuts from China was *** concentrations of 43 phytochemical components were analyzed in walnut samples from five different walnut-producing regions of *** on 14 chemical markers selected by the Random Forest method from these phytochemical components,a new discriminant model for geographical origin was built,with the corresponding correct classification rate of 99.3%.In addition,the quantitative quality differences of walnuts from five regions were analyzed,with values of 0.17–***,the top three chemical markers for the geographical origin discriminant analysis were Mo,V,and stearic acid,with contribution rates of 26.8%,18.9%,and 10.9%,*** study provides a potentially viable method for application in food authentication.

关键词： Walnut chemical marker geographical origin Random Forest method discriminant model

Woody species Rhus chinensis Mill. seedlings tolerance to Pb:Physiological and biochemical response

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第4期31卷 63-73页

作者： Xiang Shi Shufeng Wang Dongxue Wang Haijing Sun Yitai Chen Jianfeng Liu Zeping Jiang research institute of subtropical forestry Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang ProvinceChinese Academy of Forestry research institute of forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry forestry College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University

Screening potential plant species is a crucial consideration in phytoremediation *** previous study demonstrated that Rhus chinensis Mill. seedlings had potentials for phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil. However, its bioaccumulation and tolerance characteristics remain unclear. Seedling growth, LMWOAs secreted by roots, Pb subcellular distribution and chemical forms, and mineral elements in R. chinensis tissues were evaluated under different Pb concentrations(0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/L) in culture solution at14 days after planting. R. chinensis did not show visual symptoms of Pb toxicity under lower Pb treatments; however, Pb significantly declined the growth of seedlings under higher Pb treatments. Higher Pb stress also decreased the concentrations of nitrogen in leaves, but increased the concentrations of P and K in roots. Pb stress also decreased Mn concentrations in leaves. A great quantity of Pb was uptake and mostly retained in R. chinensis ***, R. chinensis can still concentrate 459.3 and 1102.7 mg/kg Pb in leaves and stems,respectively. Most of Pb in R. chinensis tissues was stored in the cell wall with HAc-, HCl-, and NaC l-extractable form. LMWOAs secreted by R. chinensis roots showed a strong positive correlation with Pb concentrations in all plant tissues and with P in roots. Our results suggested that Pb deposited in the cell wall and integration with phosphate or oxalate might be responsible for the tolerance of R. chinensis under Pb stress in short period.

关键词： Lead Tolerance Subcellular distribution Chemical form Low molecular weight organic acids

Clonal variations in nutritional components of Pinus koreansis seeds collected from seed orchards in Northeastern China

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Journal of forestry research 2016年第2期27卷 295-311页

作者： Zhen Zhang Hanguo Zhang Chuanping Yang Lei Zhang Jia Du Ying Jiang research institute of subtropical forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry School of forestry Northeast Forestry University School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology

From four Korean pine （Pinus koraiensis） orchards, 60 clones were selected and analyzed for the fatty acid and amino acid components of the seeds to reveal the variations and correlations of the seed characteristics among the clonal source orchards and clones. The nutri- tional components of the seeds of the P. koraiensis trees exhibited rich genetic variation; the variation coefficient of the fatty acids was 2.24-66.83 %, while the variation coefficient of the amino acids was 14.70-38.88 %. Rela- tively high genetic-improvement potential exists for the nutritional components of the seeds. The phenotypic dif- ferentiation of the fatty acid and amino acid components reveals that variation within the population （85.18 %） was the primary source for the variation of the fatty acid components; variation among the orchards （63.08 %） was the primary source of the variation of the amino acid components. Data drawn from various clonal source orchards all showed that the seed characteristics were highly controlled by heritability （h2 〉 80 %）, and the seed characteristics of the P. koraiensis trees exhibited a similar genetic gain trend. The principal components were ana- lyzed to obtain the comprehensive principal component value for each clonal seed orchard. Twelve clones were selected based on a clonal selection rate of 20 %. Corre- lation and multiple stepwise-regression analyses were conducted, considering different location conditions, to reveal the stable correlations between the seed character- istics to facilitate improvements of the seed yield of P. koraiensis trees and the clonal selection. Species of real characteristics in P. koraiensis were controlled by higher heritability. Genetic gain was obtained by selecting of superior clones.

关键词： Fatty acid Amino acid Clone Multi-characteristic selection

Evaluation of Some Stem Taper Models for Camellia japonica in Mount Halla, Korea

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第6期12卷 1395-1402页

作者： Sung Cheol JUNG Yeon Ok SEO Hyun Kyu WON Roscinto Ian C.LUMBRES Warm Temperate and subtropical Forest research Center Korea Forest Research Institute College of forestry Benguet State University

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the four stem taper models on Camellia japonica in Jeju Island, Korea using fit statistics and lack-of-fit statistics. The five statistical criteria that were used in this study were standard error of estimate(SEE), mean bias( E), absolute mean difference(AMD), coefficient of determination(R2), and root mean square error(RMSE). Results showed that the Kozak model 02 stem taper had the best performance in all fit statistics(SEE: 3.4708, E : 0.0040 cm, AMD : 0.9060 cm, R2 : 0.9870, and RMSE : 1.2545). On the other hand, Max and Burkhart stem taper model had the poorest performance in each statistical criterion(SEE: 4.2121, E : 0.2520 cm, AMD : 1.1300 cm, R2 : 0.9805, and RMSE: 1.5317). For the lack-of-fit statistics, the Kozak model 02 also provided the best performance having the best AMD in most of the relative height classes for diameter outside bark prediction and in most of the DBH classes for total volume prediction while Max and Burkhart had the poorest performance. These stem taper equations could help forest managers to better estimate the diameter outside bark at any given height, merchantable stem volumes and total stem volumes of the standing trees of Camellia japonica in the forests of Jeju Island, Korea.

关键词： Mount Halla Stem volume Diameter outside bark Kozak model Model evaluation

Discrimination of pharmacodynamic components and volatile compounds of Poria cocos cultivated with five different materials based on GC-IMS analysis

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Food Quality and Safety 2024年第1期8卷 135-144页

作者： Yinan Wang Fei Zhou Hui Wang Jinping Zhang Hongxia Xu research institute of subtropical forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhouChina Chun‘an County Thousand-island Lake Forest Farm HangzhouChina

Objectives:The chemical constituents of Poria cocos grown with different substrates vary significantly;thus,identifying and comparing their biomarkers are *** and Methods:Herein,the chemical constituents of Poria cocos obtained with five different substrates were assessed using gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry(GC-IMS),high-performance liquid chromatography and multivariate statistical ***:The content of moisture,ash,alcohol-soluble matter,and heavy metals,except for those of the miscellaneous wood Poria cocos,conform to the specifications defined in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(Edition 2020),and the polysaccharide contents are all greater than 57%.Conclusions:Based on GC-IMS and the established fingerprints,87 compounds were detected,70 of which were identified in each *** statistical analysis revealed seven compounds(two esters,three alcohols,and two aldehydes),which could be considered as potential marker compounds for discrimination.

关键词： Poria cocos cultivation material pharmacodynamic component gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry(GC-IMS) volatile compound.