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Plasma Metabonomics of Human Adenovirus-infected Patients with Pneumonia and Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Current Medical Science 2024年第1期44卷 121-133页

作者： Ting-ting WEI Wen XU Bo TU Wan-xue ZHANG Xin-xin YANG Yiguo ZHOU Shan-shan ZHANG Jun-lian YANG Ming-zhu XIE Juan DU Wei-wei CHEN Qing-bin LU Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Infectious Disease The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing 100039China Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology&Vaccine research Center School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of health policy and Management School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Global Center for Infectious Disease and policy research&Global health and Infectious Diseases group Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of epidemiology of Major Diseases(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijing 100191China

Objective Human adenovirus(HAdV)infection is common and can develop to serious conditions with high mortality,yet the mechanism of HAdV infection remains *** the present study,the serum metabolite profiles of HAdV-7-infected patients with pneumonia or upper respiratory tract infection(URTI)were *** In total,35 patients were enrolled in the study following an outbreak of HAdV-7 in the army,of whom 14 had pneumonia and 21 had *** samples were collected at the acute stage and at the recovery stage and were analyzed by untargeted *** Over 90% of the differential metabolites identified between the pneumonia patients and URTI patients were lipids and lipid-like molecules,including glycerophospholipids,fatty acyls,and *** metabolic pathways that were significantly enriched were primarily the lipid metabolism pathways,including sphingolipid metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,and linoleic acid *** sphingolipid metabolism was identified as a significantly differential pathway between the pneumonia patients and URTI patients and between the acute and recovery stages for the pneumonia patients,but not between the acute and recovery stages for the URTI *** and lactosylceramide,involved in sphingolipid metabolism,were significantly higher in the pneumonia patients than in the URTI patients with good discrimination abilities[area under curve(AUC)0.742 and 0.716,respectively;combination AUC 0.801].Conclusion Our results suggested that HAdV modulated lipid metabolism for both the patients with URTI and pneumonia,especially the sphingolipid metabolism involving ceramide and lactosylceramide,which might thus be a potential intervention target in the treatment of HAdV infection.

关键词： human adenovirus metabonomic lipids pneumonia upper respiratory tract infection

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New Industrialization: Characteristics, System Development and Implementation Pathway

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China Economist 2024年第1期19卷 2-13页

作者：无 research group of the Institute of Industrial Economics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(CASS)BeijingChina

New industrialization in China, different from its past economic development pattern or patterns in developed nations, is the country’s theoretical innovation based on the positive and negative experiences of industrialization at home and worldwide. New industrialization has various novel characteristics, including new sources of efficiency, new factors of production, new organizational forms, and new constraints. In addition, it has certain particularities arising from modernization with Chinese characteristics. This article summarizes the characteristics of new industrialization from the perspectives of people-centered approach, quality-first concept, independent innovation, green low-carbon economics, digital-real integration, and open circulation. There are four systems for promoting new industrialization: A self-sustained scientific and technological system, a high-end advanced manufacturing system, a green low-carbon circular system, and a division of labor system with domestic and international circulation. The Chinese new industrialization proposes the pathway and policy measures considering the new global situation and the requirements of new goals of strengthening organization and leadership, reducing factor cost, accelerating independent technological innovation, smoothing domestic and international circulation, and optimizing competition environment.

关键词： New industrialization Chinese modernization system building policy measures

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Bayesian estimation of the time-varying reproduction number for pulmonary tuberculosis in Iran:A registry-based study from 2018 to 2022 using new smear-positive cases

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 963-974页

作者： Maryam Rastegar Eisa Nazar Mahshid Nasehi Saeed Sharafi Vahid Fakoor Mohammad Taghi Shakeri Department of Biostatistics School of HealthMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran Orthopedic research Center Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran Centre for Communicable Diseases Control Ministry of Health and Medical EducationTehranIran Department of Statistics Faculty of Mathematical SciencesFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran social Determinants of health research Center Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran Department of epidemiology School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehran

Introduction Tuberculosis(TB)is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in the world,causing major public health problems in developing *** rate of TB incidence in Iran was estimated to be 13 per 100,000 in *** study aimed to estimate the reproduction number and serial interval for pulmonary tuberculosis in *** and methods The present national historical cohort study was conducted from March 2018 to March 2022 based on data from the National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Registration Center of Iran's Ministry of health and Medical Education(MOHME).The study included 30,762 tuberculosis cases and 16,165 new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in *** estimated the reproduction number of pulmonary tuberculosis in a Bayesian framework,which can incorporate uncertainty in estimating *** analyses were accomplished in R *** The mean age at diagnosis of patients was 52.3±21.2 years,and most patients were in the 35–63 age group(37.1%).Among the data,9121(56.4%)cases were males,and 7044(43.6%)were *** patients,7459(46.1%)had a delayed diagnosis between 1 and 3 ***,3039(18.8%)cases were non-Iranians,and 2978(98%)were *** time-varying reproduction number for pulmonary tuberculosis disease was calculated at an average of 1.06±0.05(95%Crl 0.96–1.15).Conclusions In this study,the incidence and the time-varying reproduction number of pulmonary tuberculosis showed the same *** mean of the time-varying reproduction number indicated that each infected person is causing at least one new infection over time,and the chain of transmission is not being disrupted.

关键词： Reproduction number Bayesian modeling Tuberculosis Iran

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Are school uniforms associated with gender inequalities in physical activity? A pooled analysis of population-level data from 135 countries/regions

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第4期13卷 590-598页

作者： Mairead Ryan Luiza I.C.Ricardo Nicole Nathan Riikka Hofmann Esther van Sluijs Medical research Council epidemiology Unit University of CambridgeCambridge CB20QQUK Faculty of Education University of CambridgeCambridge CB28PQUK Hunter New England Population health WallsendNSW 2287Australia School of Medicine and Public health College of HealthMedicine and WellbeingUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Hunter Medical research Institute New Lambton HeightsNSW 2305Australia National Centre of Implementation Science University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia

Purpose:It is aimed to assess whether school uniforms are associated with population-level gender inequalities in physical activity,and whether associations differ by school level,country/region income,and assessment ***:An ecological study design was *** collected data about global uniform practices using an online *** searched for country/region-level estimates of school-aged youth meeting physical activity guidelines from international surveillance *** selection was conducted in duplicate using a systematic process,and a random sample of all data was checked to ensure extraction and pooling processes were *** calculated absolute and relative gender inequalities in physical activity for each *** regression examined associations between country/region-level uniform practices(binary yes/no exposure variable) and country/region-level gender inequalities in physical activity guideline compliance(absolute and relative inequalities).We investigated moderation by school level,stratified analyses by income group,and repeated primary analyses using device-measured ***:Pooling data from 135 countries/regions(n=1,089,852),we found no association between population-level uniform practices and gender inequalities in physical activity across all ages(absolute:β=-0.2;95% confidence interval(95%CI):-1.7 to 1.3,p=0.74;relative:β=0.1;95%CI:-0.1 to 0.2,p=0.51).Subgroup analysis suggested a positive association in primary school settings(absolute:β=4.3;95%CI:-0.0 to 8.6,p=0.05).Among high-income countries,absolute inequalities were significantly greater in countries/regions with uniform practices(N=37) compared to those without(N=48)(9.1(SD=3.6) vs.7.8 percentage points(SD=4.3)).Repeating analyses using device-measured data(n=32,130;N=24) did not alter our primary *** initial descriptive statistics,we found that in countries/regions where a maj ority of schools(>50%) reportedly use uniforms,there was lower compli

关键词： School policy Clothing Child Adolescent Accelerometer

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“If I Do not Go to Work, They Will Die!” Dual Roles of Older-Adult Personal Support Workers' Contributions During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 226-238页

作者： Haorui Wu Mandy Yung School of social Work Faculty of HealthDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada

When COVID-19 devastated older-adult organizations(long-term care homes and retirement homes), most public attention was directed toward the older-adult residents rather than their service providers. This was especially true in the case of personal support workers, some of whom are over the age of 55, putting them in two separate categories in the COVID-19 settings:(1) a vulnerable and marginalized group who are disproportionately impacted by COVID-19;and(2) essential healthcare workers. Since the current disaster-driven research, practice, and policy have primarily focused on generalized assumptions that older-adults are a vulnerable, passive, and dependent group rather than recognizing their diversity, expertise, assets, and experiences, this study aimed to identify their contributions from the perspective of older-adult personal support worker(OAPSW). This qualitative study conducted in-depth interviews, inviting 15 OAPSWs from the Greater Toronto Area, Canada. This study uncovered the OAPSWs' contribution at three levels: individual(enhancing physical health, mental health, and overall well-being), work(improving working environment and service and supporting co-workers), and family(protecting their nuclear and extended families). The outcomes inform the older-adult research, practice, policy, public discourse, and education by enhancing the appreciation of older-adults' diverse strengths and promoting their engagement and contributions in disaster settings.

关键词： Canada COVID-19 Individual-work-family triangulation Older-adult personal support workers

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Exploring well-being disparities between urban and rural areas:A case study in the Stavropol Territory,Russia

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第1期5卷 80-92页

作者： Anastasia CHAPLITSKAYA Wim HEIJMAN Johan van OPHEM Agricultural Economics and Rural policy group Wageningen University and ResearchWageningen6700 ABNetherlands Department of Foreign Languages Stavropol State Agrarian UniversityStavropol355017Russia Department of Economics Faculty of Economics and ManagementCzech University of Life SciencesPrague16500Czech Urban Economics group Wageningen University and ResearchWageningen6700 ABNetherlands

Rural areas are crucial for a country’s sustainable *** strategies are needed to develop rural areas to improve the well-being of rural population and generate new job *** is especially important in countries where agricultural production accounts for a significant share of the gross product,such as *** this study,we identified the key indicators of satisfaction and differences between rural and urban citizens based on their social,economic,and environmental backgrounds,and determined whether there are well-being disparities between rural and urban areas in the Stavropol Territory,*** collected primary data through a survey based on the European social Survey framework to investigate the potential differences between rural and urban *** computing the regional well-being index using principal component analysis,we found that there was no statistically significant difference in well-being between rural and urban *** of key indicators showed that rural residents felt psychologically more comfortable and safer,assessed their family relationships better,and adhered more to traditions and ***,urban residents showed better economic and social conditions(e.g.,infrastructures,medical care,education,and Internet access).The results of this study imply that we can better understand the local needs,advantages,and unique qualities,thereby gaining insight into the effectiveness of government ***-makers and local authorities can consider targeted interventions based on the findings of this study and strive to enhance the well-being of both urban and rural residents.

关键词： Well-being Sustainable development Rural areas Urban areas Principal component analysis(PCA) Russia

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Autoantibodies against beta cells to predict early insulin requirements in pediatric patients with clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第8期15卷 1717-1725页

作者： Jorge M Molina Patricia G Medina Rita A Gomez Julia R Herrera Nancy L Martínez Brenda Hernández Yesenia García Department of Endocrinology Children’s Hospital Federico GomezMexico 06720Mexico National Medical Center"Siglo XXI" UMAE Hosp EspecialidadesUnidad Invest Med Epidemiol ClinMexican Social Security InstituteMexico 06720Mexico research Division UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIMexican Institute of Social SecurityMexico 06720Mexico epidemiology research Unit in Endocrinology and Nutrition Federico Gómez Children’s HospitalMexico 06720Mexico Department of Endocrinology Comprehensive Health Unit for Trans PersonsMexico 11340Mexico

BACKGROUND Autoimmunity has emerged as a probable disease modifier in patients with clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),that is,patients who have insulin resistance,obesity,and other cardiovascular risk factors,suggesting that the presence of glutamic acid decarboxylase(anti-GAD65),islet antigen 2(anti-IA2),and zinc transporter 8(anti-Zn8T)antibodies could have deleterious effects on beta cell function,causing failure and earlier requirement for insulin *** To evaluate anti-GAD65,anti-IA2 and anti-Zn8T as predictors of early insulin requirement in adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of *** This was a case–control study in patients with clinically diagnosed with T2DM(68 cases and 64 controls with and without early insulin dependence respectively),male and female,aged 12–18 ***,blood pressure,glucose,insulin,C-peptide,glycated hemoglobin A1c,and lipid profiles were *** was used to measure anti-GAD65,anti-IA2,and anti-Zn8T *** statistics,Pearson'sχ2 test,Student's t test,and logistic regression was performed.Pgroups by early or no insulin dependence showed that the group with insulin had a higher frequency of antibody positivity:anti-GAD65 odds ratio(OR):2.42(1.112–5.303,P=0.026);anti-IA2:OR:1.55(0.859–2.818,P=0.105);and anti-Zn8T:OR:7.32(2.039–26.279,P=0.002).CONCLUSION Anti-GAD65 positivity was high in our ***-GAD65 and anti-Zn8T positivity showed a significantly depleted beta cell reserve phenotype,leading to an increased risk of early insulin dependence.

关键词： Diabetes Obesity Adolescents Autoimmunity Beta cell Insulin requirements

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healthy life expectancy with cardiovascular disease among Chinese rural population based on the prospective cohort study

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第8期21卷 799-806页

作者： Feng JIANG Xiao-Tian LIU Ze HU Wei LIAO Shuo-Yi LI Rui-Fang ZHU Zhen-Xing MAO Jian HOU Sohail Akhtar Fayaz Ahmad Tahir Mehmood Chong-Jian WANG Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Department of Mathematics and Statistics The University of HaripurHaripurPakistan School of Natural Sciences National University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan

BACKGROUND Limited research has explored the impact of cardiovascular disease(CVD)on healthy life expectancy(HLE)especially in resource-limited *** study aimed to investigate the association between CVD and HLE in Chinese rural *** This study included 11,994 participants aged 45 years and older from the baseline and follow-up surveys of the Henan rural cohort *** status was measured via a Visual Analogue *** multistate Markov model was applied to estimate the association between CVD and transitions in health,unhealthiness and ***-specific total life expectancy,HLE and unhealthy life expectancy were calculated by the multistate life table *** During a mean follow-up time of 3.85(3.84–3.86)years,there were 588 deaths *** individuals with CVD,the risk of switching from health to unhealthiness status was increased by 71%[hazard ratio(HR)=1.71,95%CI:1.42–2.07],the chance of recovery was reduced by 30%(HR=0.70,95%CI:0.60–0.82).Men aged 45 years without CVD could gain an extra 7.08(4.15–10.01)years of HLE and lose 4.00(1.60–6.40)years of unhealthy life expectancy compared to their peers with CVD,*** corresponding estimates among women were 8.62(5.55–11.68)years and 5.82(2.59–9.04)years,*** This study indicated that CVD was significantly associated with poorer health status and lower HLE among Chinese rural *** is an important public health policy to adopt targeted measures to reduce the CVD burden and enhance the quality of life and HLE in resource-limited areas.

关键词： healthy cardiovascular life

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Reducing strain on primary healthcare systems through innovative models of care:the impact of direct access physiotherapy for musculoskeletal conditions—an interrupted time series analysis

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Family Medicine and Community health 2024年第3期12卷 1-12页

作者： James Henry Zouch Bjørnar Berg Are Hugo Pripp Kjersti Storheim Claire E Ashton-James Manuela L Ferreira Margreth Grotle Paulo H Ferreira Sydney Musculoskeletal health Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia Centre for Intelligent Musculoskeletal health Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of Health SciencesOsloNorway Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of health Sciences OsloNorway Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and epidemiology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Department of Rehabilitation Science and health Technology Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of Health SciencesOsloNorway Department of research and Innovation Oslo University Hospital Division of Clinical NeuroscienceOsloNorway Sydney Medical School Kolling InstituteThe University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute for Global health SydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of research and Innovation Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Department of Rehabilitation and Technology Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of Health SciencesOsloNorway Charles Perkins Centre Sydney Musculoskeletal HealthThe University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia

Objectives To evaluate the longitudinal impact of introducing a national,direct access physiotherapy model of care on the rates of primary and secondary care consultations for musculoskeletal(MSK)*** Interrupted time series analysis using segmented linear *** Norway primary care Participants A cohort of 82072 participants was derived from 3 population-based health surveys conducted across separate geographical regions in *** participants surveyed were eligible for inclusion as a national representative sample of the Norwegian *** MSK consultations were linked to the Norwegian Control and Payment of health Reimbursement database and the Norwegian Patient Register using the International Classification of Primary Care diagnostic medical codes L-chapter for MSK conditions and spine related International Classification of Diseases,10th Revision,*** Direct access to physiotherapy model of care introduced nationally in Norway in *** model allowed Norwegians to consult directly with qualified physiotherapists for MSK conditions(eg,back pain,knee osteoarthritis)without the need for a medical referral in order to claim a social security *** outcomes measured Rates of primary care consultations per 10000 population(general practitioner(GP)and physiotherapist consultations)and secondary care(specialist consultations and surgical procedures)measured from 2014 to *** The introduction of the direct access physiotherapy model was associated with an immediate stepped reduction of 391 general practice consultations per 10000 population,(95%CI:−564 to−216),without an associated change in physiotherapy *** analyses suggested there was an associated reduction in physiotherapy consultations for those in the lowest education group of 150 consultations per quarter(95%CI:−203 to−97),70 consultations per quarter in the intermediate education group(95%CI:−115 to−27)and a step

关键词： impact analysis strain

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Chlorinated Polyfluoroalkyl Ether Sulfonic Acids(Cl-PFESAs)Are Associated with Eye Diseases in Humans and Eye Toxicity in Zebrafish

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Environment & health 2024年第6期2卷 390-400页

作者： Lu-Yin Wu Li-Xia Liang Yang Zhou Zeeshan Mohammed Zhengmin Min Qian Stephen Edward McMillin Maya Tabet Chu Chu Yuan-Yuan Fan Jia-Xin Zhou Jing-Wen Huang Wei-Hong Tan Guang-Hui Dong Li-Zi Lin Joint International research Laboratory of Environment and health Ministry of EducationGuangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk AssessmentDepartment of Occupational and Environmental HealthSchool of Public HealthSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution health Risk Assessment South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Environmental ProtectionGuangzhou 510655China Department of Developmental Biology&Genetics School of Biological SciencesIndian Institute of ScienceBangalore 400060India Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics College for Public Health&Social JusticeSaint Louis UniversitySt.LouisMissouri 63104United States School of social Work Saint Louis UniversitySt.LouisMissouri 63103United States College of Global Population health University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St.LouisSt.LouisMissouri 63110United States Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Department of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyGuangdong Provincial People’s HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080China Department of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics Center The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanning 530021China

Evidence from animal experiments has shown that chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acids(Cl-PFESAs)can induce vision dysfunction in ***,environmental epidemiological evidence supporting this hypothesis remains *** our case−control study,samples collected from 270 individuals(135 controls and 135 cases)from the Isomers of C8 health Project data were analyzed for *** also repeated our analysis on zebrafish to support our findings in humans and to decipher the mechanism underlying Cl-PFESA eye *** serum levels of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)and alternatives were significantly higher in the cases than in the *** serum Cl-PFESA levels were associated with greater odds of eye diseases,and the trend showed a statistically significant dose-dependent *** Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)value indicated that 8:2 Cl-PFESA was the dominant eye disease risk factor among the 13 studied *** zebrafish experiments,Cl-PFESAs induced eye toxicity in adult zebrafish by oxidative damage and cell *** to the control group,there was significantly reduced thicknesses of the inner plexiform layer(IPL),outer plexiform layer(OPL),and retinal tissue in the zebrafish exposed to *** study provides human clinical and animal experimental data,showing that exposure to PFASs increases the odds of the development of eye toxicity.

关键词： eye diseases chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acids(Cl-PFESAs) case−control study shapley additive explanations(SHAP) zebrafish experiment

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