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The roles of polysaccharides in tilapia farming:A review

Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第1期9卷 20-27页

作者： Zulhisyam Abdul Kari Wendy Wee Noor Khalidah Abdul Hamid Mahmoud A.O.Dawood Nik Nur Azwanida Binti Zakaria Lee Seong Wei Department of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Agro-Based IndustryUniversiti Malaysia KelantanJeli CampusJeliKelantan17600Malaysia Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture research Group Faculty of Agro-Based IndustryUniversiti Malaysia KelantanJeli CampusJeliKelantan17600Malaysia Center of Fundamental and Continuing Education Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala NerusTerengganu21030Malaysia School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaMindenPulau Pinang11800Malaysia Animal Production Department Faculty of AgricultureKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr El-Sheikh33516Egypt The Center for Applied research on the Environment and Sustainability The American University in Cairo11835CairoEgypt

Impairment of fish growth and immune system due to stress and disease are major constraints in aquaculture industry.Traditionally,antibiotic was used as prophylactic agent in the health management of aquaculture species.However,antibiotic only provide a temporary solution to the problem of disease outbreak.Over-reliance on antibiotic also has led to the increasing cases of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria from aquaculture sites and contamination of antibiotic residues into human food chain.Probiotic,prebiotic and symbiotic are therefore suggested as alternatives to prophylactic antibiotic to be used in the aquaculture industry.A potential prophylactic agent is polysaccharide that could be developed into an alternative antibiotic for aquatic animals.In this review paper,definition,sources,and mode of action of polysaccharide are presented.The roles of polysaccharides in fish farming with emphasis on growth improvement,immune system enhancement,disease resistance stimulation in tilapia farming,and the effects of polysaccharides on abiotic stressors are summarized and discussed.

关键词： Aquaculture Growth performance Immune response Disease resistance Abiotic stressor Synergistic Polysaccharide

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A vectorial model for the nonlinear gradient force exerted on metallic Rayleigh nanoparticles

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 207-213页

作者：朱政张聿全闵长俊 Aurèle J.LAdam H.Paul Urbach 袁小聪 research Center for Humanoid Sensing Research Institute of Intelligent SensingZhejiang LabHangzhou 311100China Nanophotonics research Center Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics&State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous IntegrationShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Optics research Group ImPhys DepartmentFaculty of Applied SciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CJThe Netherlands

Optical tweezers have proved to be a powerful tool with a wide range of applications.The gradient force plays a vital role in the stable optical trapping of nano-objects.The scalar method is convenient and effective for analyzing the gradient force in traditional optical trapping.However,when the third-order nonlinear effect of the nano-object is stimulated,the scalar method cannot adequately present the optical response of the metal nanoparticle to the external optical field.Here,we propose a theoretical model to interpret the nonlinear gradient force using the vector method.By combining the optical Kerr effect,the polarizability vector of the metallic nanoparticle is derived.A quantitative analysis is obtained for the gradient force as well as for the optical potential well.The vector method yields better agreement with reported experimental observations.We suggest that this method could lead to a deeper understanding of the physics relevant to nonlinear optical trapping and binding phenomena.

关键词： gradient forces nonlinear effect metallic nanoparticles

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From prediction to prevention:Machine learning revolutionizes hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence monitoring

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第7期30卷 631-635页

作者： Mariana Michelle Ramírez-Mejía Nahum Méndez-Sánchez Plan of Combined Studies in Medicine Faculty of MedicineNational Autonomous University of MexicoDistrito Federal 04510Mexico Liver research Unit Medica Sur Clinic&FoundationDistrito Federal 14050Mexico faculty of Medicine National Autonomous University of MexicoDistrito Federal 04510Mexico

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Zhang et al entitled Development of a machine learning-based model for predicting the risk of early postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma.Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),which is characterized by high incidence and mortality rates,remains a major global health challenge primarily due to the critical issue of postoperative recurrence.Early recurrence,defined as recurrence that occurs within 2 years posttreatment,is linked to the hidden spread of the primary tumor and significantly impacts patient survival.Traditional predictive factors,including both patient-and treatment-related factors,have limited predictive ability with respect to HCC recurrence.The integration of machine learning algorithms is fueled by the exponential growth of computational power and has revolutionized HCC research.The study by Zhang et al demonstrated the use of a groundbreaking preoperative prediction model for early postoperative HCC recurrence.Challenges persist,including sample size constraints,issues with handling data,and the need for further validation and interpretability.This study emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts,multicenter studies and comparative analyses to validate and refine the model.Overcoming these challenges and exploring innovative approaches,such as multi-omics integration,will enhance personalized oncology care.This study marks a significant stride toward precise,efficient,and personalized oncology practices,thus offering hope for improved patient outcomes in the field of HCC treatment.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Early recurrence Machine learning XGBoost model Predictive precision medicine Clinical utility Personalized interventions

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Physical and Microbiological Properties of Alfalfa-Established Soil in the Semiarid Horqin Sandy Land in Northern China

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第4期15卷 439-449页

作者： Yumei Kang Tatsuya Kawazawa Taisei Kono Jun Kawamoto Yong Zhang faculty of agriculture and Marine Science Kochi University Nankoku Japan Institute for Chemical research Kyoto University Kyoto Japan College of Resources and Environment Southwest University Chongqing China

In a previous article, we reported that a local variety of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv. Aohan) had high potential to be a pioneer plant for ecological restoration in the Horqin Sandy Land, China. The plantation of Aohan significantly improved the organic matter, clay, total carbon and nitrogen contents of the soils. In this study, we investigated the physical properties such as dispersion ratio, water-stable aggregates content, and the soil microbiomes, five years after alfalfa establishment in the same study site. We found no significant difference in the dispersion ratios between the soils before and after alfalfa establishment, and all the soils at the study site were erosive. Water stable aggregates mainly distributed in 96%, suggesting that it would take longer time for improving soil structure. However, large-size aggregates (2 - 5 mm) content was slightly higher in the alfalfa planting plots. This slight increase is presumed to have long-term importance for soil and ecosystem recovery in semi-arid areas like Horqin Sandy Land. Moreover, we also found that Actinomycetes dominated the microbial community in both bulk and rhizosphere soils, and two kinds of rhizobia, Bradyrhizobium and Sinorhizobium fredii, were identified in the rhizosphere soil.

关键词： Dispersion Ratio Water-Stable Aggregate Rhizosphere Microbiome Rhizobia

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Exploring Nutritional Compositions,Volatile Compounds,Health Benefits,Emerging Processing Technologies,and Potential Food Products of Glutinous Rice:A Review

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Rice science 2024年第3期31卷 251-268页

作者： Maimunah Mohd ALI Norhashila HASHIM Department of Food Sciences Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi 43600SelangorMalaysia Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400SelangorMalaysia SMART Farming Technology research Centre Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaUPM Serdang 43400SelangorMalaysia Innovation Center for Confectionary Technology(MANIS) Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaUKM Bangi 43600Selangor Darul EhsanMalaysia

Glutinous rice(Oryza sativa var.glutinosa)stands out as one of the most popular rice varieties globally,amidst thousands of rice cultivars.Its increasing popularity is attributed to its rich nutritional compositions and health benefits.This review aims to summarize the nutritional compositions,volatile compounds,and health benefits of glutinous rice.Further,in-depth studies are necessary to explore the utilization of glutinous rice in enhancing processing technologies and developing new food products.Glutinous rice has been shown to possess numerous health benefits,including antioxidant activity,bioactive compounds,anti-cancer properties,anti-inflammatory effects,anti-diabetic potential,and cholesterol-lowering effects.Besides its nutritional compositions,the major volatile compounds identified in glutinous rice could serve as a functional food for human consumption.Emerging processing technologies related to glutinous rice are elaborated to improve the latest developments for incorporating them into various food products.

关键词： glutinous rice health benefit volatile compound nutritional composition processing technology

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Pyronaridine combined with diminazene aceturate inhibits Babesia in vitro and in vivo

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第3期14卷 93-99页

作者： Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed Mohamed Z.Sayed-Ahmed Shaimaa Ahmed Awad Ali Nourah Alsadaan Nawazish Alam Mahmoud S.Alkhoudary Ikuo Igarashi Mohamed Abdo Rizk National research Center for Protozoan Diseases Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineInada-ChoObihiroHokkaido 080-8555Japan Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt Department of Clinical Pharmacy College of PharmacyJazan UniversityJazan 45142Saudi Arabia Medical-Surgical Department College of NursingJouf UniversitySakaka 72388Saudi Arabia Critical Care and Emergency Nursing Faculty of NursingMansoura UniversityEgypt College of Nursing Jouf UniversitySakaka 72388Saudi Arabia faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura UniversityMansoura 35516DakahliaEgypt Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt

Objective:To evaluate the combination therapy of pyronaridine tetraphosphate and diminazene aceturate against Babesia in vitro and in vivo.Methods:Bioinformatic analysis was performed using atom pair fingerprints.An in vitro combination test was performed against Babesia bovis and Theileria equi.Moreover,the in vivo chemotherapeutic efficacy of pyronaridine tetraphosphate in combination with diminazene aceturate was investigated against the growth of Babesia microti in mice using a fluorescence inhibitory assay.Results:Pyronaridine tetraphosphate and diminazene aceturate exhibited nearly similar molecular weights.The in vitro combination of pyronaridine tetraphosphate and diminazene aceturate was synergistic on Babesia bovis and additive on Theileria equi.In addition,5 mg/kg pyronaridine tetraphosphate combined with 10 mg/kg diminazene aceturate inhibited Babesia microti growth significantly compared with those observed after treatment with 25 mg/kg diminazene aceturate alone from day 6 post treatment to day 12 post treatment.The combination therapy also normalized the hematological parameters of infected mice.Conclusions:An oral dose of pyronaridine tetraphosphate combined with a subcutaneous dose of diminazene aceturate inhibits Babesia in vitro and in mice,suggesting it might be a new paradigm for the treatment of babesiosis.

关键词： Babesia Pyronaridine tetraphosphate Diminazene aceturate Babesiosis Theileria

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Nitrogen-Doped Amorphous Carbon Homojunction from Palmyra Sugar as a Renewable Solar Cell

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第1期12卷 57-69页

作者： Budhi Priyanto Imam Khambali Irma Septi Ardiani Khoirotun Nadhiyah Anna Zakiyatul Laila M.Chasrun Hasani Bima Romadhon Retno Asih Yoyok Cahyono Triwikantoro Darminto Department of Electronic Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Muhammadiyah MalangKota MalangIndonesia Advanced Materials research Group Department of PhysicsFaculty of Science and Data AnalyticsInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh NopemberSurabayaIndonesia Department of Electronic Engineering Faculty of Industrials EngineeringInstitut Teknologi National MalangKota MalangIndonesia

An a-C/a-C:N junction,which used palmyra sugar as the carbon source and ammonium hydroxide(NH4OH)as the dopant source,was successfully deposited on the ITO glass substrate using the nano-spraying method.The current-voltage relationship of the junction was found to be a Schottky-like contact,and therefore the junction shows the characteristic rectifiers.This means the a-C and a-C:N are semiconductors with different types of conduction.Moreover,the samples showed an increase in current and voltage value when exposed to visible light(bright state)compared to the dark condition,thereby,indicating the creation of electron-hole pairs during the exposure.It was also discovered that the relationship between current and voltage for the a-C/a-C:N junction sample formed a curve that satisfies the rule of the photovoltaic effect when exposed to visible light from a light bulb.The exposure of this sample to direct sunlight at AM 1.5 conditions produced a curve that meets the rules for the emergence of the photovoltaic effect with higher characteristics for the current-voltage relationship.Thus,the a-C/a-C:N junction sample is a solar cell successfully fabricated using a sample method and has a maximum efficiency of 0.0013%.

关键词： Solar cell amorphous carbon palmyra sugar

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Isoform-and cell-state-specific APOE homeostasis and function

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第11期19卷 2456-2466页

作者： Karina Lindner Anne-Claude Gavin Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Diabetes Center Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

Apolipoprotein E is the major lipid transporter in the brain and an important player in neuron-astrocyte metabolic coupling.It ensures the survival of neurons under stressful conditions and hyperactivity by nourishing and detoxifying them.Apolipoprotein E polymorphism,combined with environmental stresses and/or age-related alterations,influences the risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer’s disease.In this review,we discuss our current knowledge of how apolipoprotein E homeostasis,i.***.its synthesis,secretion,degradation,and lipidation,is affected in Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease apolipoprotein E autophagy cholesterol lipid detoxification lipid transport lysosomal failure metabolic impairment triacylglycerol

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Modified Atmospheric Packaging and Its Effect on Postharvest Cannabis Quality

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 222-234页

作者： Luke L. MacLaughlin Mason T. MacDonald Department of Plant Food and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Dalhousie University Halifax NS Canada

Cannabis sativa L. is used as fiber, food, and medicine in several countries. Though it is illegal for recreational use in most of the world, there are some countries that have legalized production and sale. There is a lot of research on production of cannabis, but less so on storage technologies. Cannabis contains several high value compounds, such as cannabinoids and terpenoids, that are susceptible to degradation via light, temperature, and oxygen. Several studies have explored temperature and light, and industry has adjusted accordingly. However, less is known about oxygen-induced degradation. Biochemical studies have demonstrated oxidative degradation of high value compounds, and many producers use some form of modified atmospheric packaging (MAP) for storage. However, the efficacy of MAP is unclear. The objective of this paper is to review our current understanding of MAP in postharvest cannabis storage and identify avenues where additional research is needed.

关键词： Cannabinoids Cannabis sativa Marijuana Nitrogen Packaging Oxidation Postharvest Terpenoids THC

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Study of interfacial transition zones between magnesium phosphate cement and Portland cement concrete pavement

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第3期11卷 523-537页

作者： Fei Liu Baofeng Pan Changjun Zhou Ge Li Xiaocun Wang Jiaquan Li faculty of Infrastructure Engineering Dalian University of Technology Tongren City Transportation Bureau Beijing Civil Aviation Design and research Institute of China Design Group

The Portland cement concrete pavement(PCCP) often suffers from different environmental distresses and vehicle load failure, resulting in slab corner fractures, potholes, and other diseases. Rapid repair has become one of the effective ways to open traffic rapidly. In this study, a novel type of rapid repair material, basalt fiber reinforced polymer modified magnesium phosphate cement(BFPMPC), is used to rapidly repair PCCP. Notably, the mechanical properties and characteristics of the repair interfaces which are named interfacial transition zones(ITZs) formed by BFPMPC and cement concrete are focused on as a decisive factor for the performance of the rapid repair. The changing trend of the elastic moduli was studied by nanoindentation experiments in the ITZs with the deconvolution analysis that the elastic moduli of certain kinds of substances can be determined.The experimental results show that the elastic modulus of ITZ-1 with a width of about20 μm can be regarded as 0.098 times of the aggregate, and 0.51 times of the ordinary Portland cement(OPC) mortar. The BFPMPC-OPC mortar ITZ has roughly the same mechanical properties as the ITZ between aggregate and BFPMPC. A multi-scale representative two-dimensional model was established by random aggregate and a two-dimensional extended finite element method(XFEM) to study the mechanical properties of the repair interface. The simulation results show that the ITZ formed by the interface of BFPMPC and OPC mortar and basalt aggregate is the most vulnerable to failure, which is consistent with the nano-indentation experimental results.

关键词： Portland cement concrete pavement Interfacial transition zone Magnesium phosphate cement Repair interface Nanoindentation Mechanical properties and characteristics

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