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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第8期62卷 1114-1116页

作者： Yidan Ouyang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National centre of plant Gene research (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University

Oryza sativa and ***,commonly known as Asian and African cultivated rice,are two domesticated rice species in Oryza *** cultivated rice may produce higher yields with better quality,whereas African cultivated rice shows a wide range of tolerance to abiotic and biotic *** hybrids between *** and *** would show strong heterosis and thus increasing production because of their distant genetic diversity and complementary agronomic ***,reduced fertility is observed in hybrids from interspecific crosses;this hinders further utilization of rice heterosis in agriculture *** severe abnormal development of gametophytes in hybrids is caused by reproductive isolation,a process that prevents individuals of genetically diverged groups from mating,survival or producing fertile offspring.

关键词： TPR Understanding and breaking down the reproductive barrier between Asian and African cultivated rice a new start for hybrid rice breeding

Which are the most favourable conditions for reducing soil CO_(2)emissions with no-tillage?Results from a meta-analysis

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International Soil and Water Conservation research 2022年第3期10卷 497-506页

作者： Simone Bregaglio Gabriele Mongiano Rossana M.Ferrara Fabrizio Ginaldi Alessandra Lagomarsino Gianfranco Rana CREA-Council for Agricultural research and Economics Research Centre for Agriculture and EnvironmentI-40128BolognaItaly CREA-Council for Agricultural research and Economics Research Centre for Plant Protection and CertificationSS 11 km 2500I-13100VercelliItaly CREA-Council for Agricultural research and Economics Research Centre for Agriculture and EnvironmentI-70125BariItaly CREA-Council for Agricultural research and Economics Research Centre for Agriculture and EnvironmentI-50125FirenzeItaly

No-tillage practices have a recognised beneficial impact on soil and water conservation while reducing erosion processes and enhancing soil organic matter ***,scientists continue to debate the effectiveness of no-tillage in reducing soil carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions from *** the same line of inquiry pursued by the authors who reviewed the impact of conservative practices on direct CO_(2)emissions,we applied meta-analytic and machine learning techniques to unravel the effect of no-tillage under contrasting pedo-environmental conditions and agricultural *** analysed fifty-six experimental studies investigating direct soil CO_(2)emissions from no-tillage and conventional tillage practices(102 paired observations),considering pedological(soil texture,soil organic carbon content),environmental(climate type),and management(crop rotation,experiment duration)*** estimated the effect of different practices on the daily amount of soil CO_(2)emissions,and the impact of tillage in the period immediately following the *** main insights of this study are:(i)the conditions leading to the highest reduction of CO_(2)emissions due to no-tillage were long-term experiments(standardised mean differenceβ=0.64)conducted in arid environments(β=0.76)and clay soils(β=0.81),with low organic carbon content(β=0.79)where crop rotations(β=0.65)were performed;(ii)the same conditions were associated with the lowest absolute CO_(2)emissions,irrespective of soil management;(iii)the highest contribution to the variability of absolute soil CO_(2)emissions was associated with soil texture(mean decrease in accuracy of Random Forest models,MDA=4.57),rotation(MDA=3.07),experiment duration(MDA=2.93)and soil organic carbon content(MDA=2.24),rather than to tillage practices;(iv)soil CO_(2)emissions almost doubled in the first day after a tillage event,consistently across studies(p=0.001).This meta-analysis offers quantitative figures on the impact of tillage

关键词： Agricultural soils Greenhouse gases Global warming Net-zero agriculture

RNA Silencing-Mediated Control of Odontoglossum ringspot virus(ORSV) Infection

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American Journal of plant Sciences 2019年第1期10卷 147-161页

作者： Xian Zhang Yihua Hu Zhijuan Chen Pengcheng Zhang Hongmei Li Nongnong Shi research centre for plant RNA signaling School of Life and Environmental Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou China

Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) infects perennial orchids (Phalaenopsis amabilis) and causes a widespread viral disease. RNA-silencing of viral genes is a promising and effective way of controlling viral infection in plants. An inverted repeat (IR) fragment of the ORSV coat protein gene, cp, was inserted into the pXGY1 vector to generate the silencing construct, pXGY1-ORSV, which was introduced into Nicotiana benthamiana via Agrobacterium-mediated infiltration. A total of 15 homozygous pXGY1-ORSV transgenic N. benthamiana T1 plants were obtained from five transgenic lines, and ORSV cp gene multiplication was reduced by at least 75% - 95% in 12 T2 plants, demonstrating their increased resistance to ORSV. An infectious ORSV clone, pCAMBIA2300-ORSV, was generated to facilitate rigorous analyses of plant viral resistance. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR (sqRT-PCR) and northern-blot analyses revealed that levels of ORSV multiplication and ORSV coat protein were significantly reduced in pXGY1-ORSV transgenic N. benthamiana. Western-blot from pXGY1-ORSV inoculated leaves of ORSV infected P. amabilis also revealed the significant decrease and even degradation of ORSV-CP protein. Disease symptoms were not observed in transgenic plants. These results indicate a high level of ORSV-resistance in pXGY1-ORSV transgenic N. benthamiana.

关键词： ORSV RNA Silencing Agroinfiltration Transient Expression Transgenic plant Molecular Analysis

Proteomics-Based Analysis of Phalaenopsis amabilisin Response toward CymbidiumMosaic Virus and/or OdontoglossumRingspot Virus Infection

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American Journal of plant Sciences 2013年第9期4卷 1853-1862页

作者： Tongfei Lai Yanfu Deng Pengchen Zhang Zhijuan Chen Feng Hu Qi Zhang Yihua Hu Nongnong Shi research centre of plant signaling School of Life and Environmental Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou China.

Stress response at the protein level to viral infection in orchid plants has not been extensively investigated to date. To understand the proteomic basis of Phalaenopsis amabilis’s responses to Cymbidium Mosaic virus (CymMV), and/or Odontoglossum ring spot virus (ORSV), the total proteins were extracted from Phalaenopsis amabilis leaves infected with CymMV, ORSV, or both respectively. Differentially expressed proteins were identified by two-dimensional electrophoresis, and 27 of these proteins that had significant changes were further examined by mass spectrometry. Comparing CymMV-infected leaves with mock-inoculated ones, 2 proteins were significantly up-regulated, 9 were significantly down-regulated and 1 previously undetected protein was identified. 10 proteins were significantly up-regulated, 3 significantly down-regulated and 1 previously undetected protein was identified in ORSV-infected leaves. 6 proteins were significantly up-regulated and 9 significantly down-regulated proteins were found in co-infected leaves. These identified proteins are involved in disease resistance, stress response, transcriptional regulation, energy metabolism, protein modification and the previously unknown proteins were not involved with known protein pathways. Proteins significantly up-regulated were ATP sulfurylase, down-regulated proteins included glutamate decarboxylase isozyme 2, RNA polymerase alpha subunit and chloroplastic peptide deformylase 1A were proteins with similar alteration trend after all infection treatments. Significantly up-regulated were Thioredoxin H-type and down-regulated Cytosolic phosphoglycerate kinase I which were proteins that have been shown to be specifically regulated by the infection with CymMV. Significantly up-regulated were proteins like Rubisco large subunit, Triosephosphate isomerase, NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase and Cinnamoyl CoA reductase CCR2 by the infection of ORSV. Protein regulation in coinfected leaves followed a pattern simi

关键词： Phalaenopsis amabilis Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis Mass Spectrometry Cymbidium Mosaic Virus Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus

Impacting dementia and cognitive loss with innovative strategies: mechanistic target of rapamycin, clock genes, circular non-coding ribonucleic acids, and Rho/Rock

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Neural Regeneration research 2019年第5期14卷 773-774页

作者： Kenneth Maiese Cellular and Molecular signaling

A significant global impact from dementia:According to the World Health Organization(Dua et al.,2017),the current numbers for the prevalence and treatment costs for dementia worldwide are *** 50 million individuals suffer from *** is now considered to be the 7^th leading cause of ***,at least five percent of the world’s elderly population,equal to approximately 47 million individuals,have ***,at least sixty percent reside in low and middle income *** seventy-five percent of these new cases are to occur in these *** number of new cases each year throughout the globe is increasing at approximately 10 million per *** the year 2030,82 million people are expected to have dementia and by the year 2050,152 million are expected to have the disease.

关键词： Impacting dementia cognitive loss innovative strategies

Quantitative resistance against Bemisia tabaci in Solanum pennellii:Genetics and metabolomics

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2016年第4期58卷 397-412页

作者： Floor van den Oever-van den Elsen Alejandro F.Lucatti Sjaak van Heusden Colette Broekgaarden Roland Mumm Marcel Dicke Ben Vosman Wageningen UR plant Breeding Wageningen University and Research CentreP.O.Box 3866700AJWageningenThe Netherlands Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University and Research CentreP.O.Box 166700AAWageningenThe Netherlands Graduate School Experimental plant Sciences Droevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands plant research International Business Unit BioscienceWageningen University and Research CentreP.O.Box 166700AA WageningenThe Netherlands

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a serious threat in tomato cultivation worldwide as all varieties grown today are highly susceptible to this devastating herbivorous *** accessions of the tomato wild relative Solanum pennellii show a high resistance towards B. tabaci. A mapping approach was used to elucidate the genetic background of whiteflyresistance related traits and associated biochemical traits in this species. Minor quantitative trait loci（QTLs） for whitefly adult survival（AS） and oviposition rate（OR） were identified and some were confirmed in an F2BC1 population, where they showed increased percentages of explained variance（more than 30%）. Bulked segregant analyses on pools of whiteflyresistant and-susceptible F2 plants enabled the identification of metabolites that correlate either with resistance or susceptibility. Genetic mapping of these metabolites showed that a large number of them co-localize with whiteflyresistance QTLs. Some of these whitefly-resistance QTLs are hotspots for metabolite QTLs. Although a large number of metabolite QTLs correlated to whitefly resistance or susceptibility, most of them are yet unknown compounds and further studies are needed to identify the metabolic pathways and genes involved. The results indicate a direct genetic correlation between biochemical-based resistance characteristics and reduced whitefly incidence in S. pennellii.

关键词： Genetic linkage map life-history metabolic fingerprinting parameters tomato whitefly

Time course of physiological,biochemical,and gene expression changes under short-term salt stress in Brassica juncea L.

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The Crop Journal 2017年第3期5卷 219-230页

作者： Manish Pandey Suprasanna Penna plant Stress Physiology and Biotechnology Section Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology DivisionBhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai 400085India

Salinity-imposed limitations on plant growth are manifested through osmotic and ionic imbalances. However, because salinity-induced responses vary considerably among crop plants, monitoring of such responses at an early stage has relevance. In this study,physiological(seed germination, seed vigor index, root length, shoot length, fresh weight,dry weight) and biochemical attributes(osmoprotectants, K^+/Na^+ ratio) were analyzed for a time-course assessment of salt responses in Indian mustard(Brassica juncea L.) with an emphasis on early monitoring. The results showed strong correlations for total soluble sugars at germination phase(24 h), proline content in the seedling establishment phase(48 h) and various physiological parameters including seed vigor index(R^2= 0.901), shoot length(R^2= 0.982), and fresh weight(R^2= 0.980) at 72 h(adaptation under stress). In addition, transcriptional changes were observed under NaCl treatment for key genes belonging to the family of selective ion transporters(NHX, HKT) and abscisic acid synthesis(AAO-3). The status of mitochondrial respiration was also examined as a probe for salinity tolerance at an early stage. The results suggested that although all the analyzed parameters showed correlations(negative or positive) with salt stress magnitude, their critical response times differed, with most of the studied biochemical, physiological, or molecular markers providing valuable information only after radicle emergence, whereas mitochondrial respiration via alternative oxidase was useful for the early detection of salt responses.

关键词： Alternative oxidase Brassica Osmolytes Salinity Seed germination

Genetic Diversity and Association Analysis for Salinity Tolerance, Heading Date and plant Height of Barley Germplasm Using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2008年第8期50卷 1004-1014页

作者： Lilia Eleuch Abderrazek Jilal Stefania Grando Salvatore Ceccarelli Maria von Korff Schmising Hisashi Tsujimoto Amara Hajer Abderrazek Daaloul Michael Baum Laboratory of Genetics and plant Breeding Department of Agronomy and Plant Biotechnology National Institute of Agronomy 1085 Tunis Tunisia International centre for Agricultural research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) 5466 Aleppo Syria International centre for Agricultural research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) 5466 Aleppo Syria Laboratory of plant Genetics and Breeding Science Faculty of Agriculture Tottori UniversityTottori 680-8553 Japan

The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of barley accessions. Additionally, association trait analysis was conducted for grain yield under salinity, heading date and plant height. For this purpose, 48 barley genotypes were analyzed with 22 microsatellite simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers. Four of the 22 markers （Bmac316, scssr03907, HVM67 and Bmag770） were able to differentiate all barley genotypes. Cluster and principal coordinate analysis allowed a clear grouping between countries from the same region. The genotypes used in this study have been evaluated for agronomic performance in different environments. Conducting association analysis for grain yield under salinity conditions using TASSEL software revealed a close association of the marker Bmag749 （2H, bin 13） in two different environments with common significant alleles （175, 177）, whereas the HVHOTR1 marker （2H, bin 3） was only significant in Sakhar Egypt with alleles size being 158 and 161. Heading date also showed an association with scssr03907 through the common significant specific allele 111 and EBmac0415 markers in three different agro climatic locations, whereas HVCMA, scssr00103 and HVM67 were linked to heading date in the Egyptian environment only. The plant height association analysis revealed significant markers Bmag770 via the significant allele 152 and scssr09398.

关键词： association analysis genetic variability plant height polymorphism salinity, heading date simple sequence repeat.

Precipitation kinetics in binary Fe-Cu and ternary Fe-Cu-Ni alloys via kMC method

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2017年第4期27卷 460-466页

作者： Yi Wang Jian Yin Xiangbing Liu Rongshan Wang Huaiyu Hou Jingtao Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology centre of plant Life Management Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute

The precipitation kinetics of coherent Cu rich precipitates(CRPs) in binary Fe-Cu and ternary Fe-Cu-Ni alloys during thermal aging was modelled by the kinetic Monte Carlo method(kMC). A good agreement of the precipitation kinetics of Fe-Cu was found between the simulation and experimental results, as observed by means of advancement factor and cluster number density. This agreement was obtained owing to the correct description of the fast cluster mobility. The simulation results indicate that the effects of Ni are two-fold: Ni promotes the nucleation of Cu clusters; while the precipitation kinetics appears to be delayed by Ni addition during the coarsening stage. The apparent delayed precipitation kinetics is revealed to be related with the cluster mobility, which are reduced by Ni addition. The reduction effect of the cluster mobility weakens when the CRPs sizes increase. The results provide a view angle on the effects of solute elements upon Cu precipitation kinetics through the consideration of the non-conventional cluster growth mechanism, and kMC is verified to be a powerful approach on that.

关键词： Cu rich precipitates Precipitation kinetics Kinetic Monte Carlo Cluster mobility Cluster growth mechanism

Relative importance of long-term changes in climate and land-use on the phenology and abundance of legume crop specialist and generalist aphids

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Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 881-896页

作者： Martin Luquet Maurice Hulle Jean-Christophe Simon Nicolas Parisey Christelle Buchard2 Bruno Jaloux Agrocampus Ouest Centre of AngersInstitute of GeneticsEnvironment and Plant Protection (IGEPP-Joint Research Unit 1349) AngersFrance INRA Institute of GeneticsEnvironment and Plant Protection (IGEPP-Joint Research Unit 1349)Le Rheu France

Abstract Insect populations are prone to respond to global changes through shifts in phenology, distribution and abundance. However, global changes cover several factors such as climate and land-use, the relative importance of these being largely unknown. Here, we aim at disentangling the effects of climate, land-use, and geographical drivers on aphid abundance and phenology in France, at a regional scale and over the last 40 years. We used aerial data obtained from suction traps between 1978 and 2015 on five aphid species varying in their degree of specialization to legumes, along with climate, legume crop area and geographical data. Effects of environmental and geographical variables on aphid annual abundance and spring migration dates were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. We found that within the last four decades, aphids have advanced their spring migration by a month, mostly due to the increase in temperature early in the year, and their abundance decreased by half on average, presumably in response to a combination of factors. The influence of legume crop area decreased with the degree of specialization of the aphid species to such crops. The effect of geographical variation was high even when controlling for environmental variables, suggesting that many other spatially structured processes act on aphid population characteristics. Multifactorial analyses helped to partition the effects of different global change drivers. Climate and land-use changes have strong effects on aphid populations, with important implications for future agriculture. Additionally, trait-based response variation could have major consequences at the community scale.

关键词： abundance climate warming degree of specialization land-use change legume aphids phenology